这是一个用JAVA W3C DOM 进行XML的的例子,包含了查询、增加、修改、删除、保存的基本操作。较完整的描述了一个XML的整个操作流程。适合刚入门JAVA XML操作的朋友参考和学习。
假设有XML文件:test1.xml
<?
xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"
?>
< books >
< book >
< name > 哈里波特 </ name >
< price > 10 </ price >
< memo > 这是一本很好看的书。 </ memo >
</ book >
< book id ="B02" >
< name > 三国演义 </ name >
< price > 10 </ price >
< memo > 四大名著之一。 </ memo >
</ book >
< book id ="B03" >
< name > 水浒 </ name >
< price > 6 </ price >
< memo > 四大名著之一。 </ memo >
</ book >
< book id ="B04" >
< name > 红楼 </ name >
< price > 5 </ price >
< memo > 四大名著之一。 </ memo >
</ book >
</ books >
< books >
< book >
< name > 哈里波特 </ name >
< price > 10 </ price >
< memo > 这是一本很好看的书。 </ memo >
</ book >
< book id ="B02" >
< name > 三国演义 </ name >
< price > 10 </ price >
< memo > 四大名著之一。 </ memo >
</ book >
< book id ="B03" >
< name > 水浒 </ name >
< price > 6 </ price >
< memo > 四大名著之一。 </ memo >
</ book >
< book id ="B04" >
< name > 红楼 </ name >
< price > 5 </ price >
< memo > 四大名著之一。 </ memo >
</ book >
</ books >
下面是为Test.java
import
java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.w3c.dom. * ;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
import javax.xml.parsers. * ;
import javax.xml.transform. * ;
import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;
import javax.xml.transform.stream. * ;
import javax.xml.xpath. * ;
public class Test ... {
public static void main(String[] args) ...{
DocumentBuilderFactory factory=DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
Element theBook=null, theElem=null, root=null;
try ...{
factory.setIgnoringElementContentWhitespace(true);
DocumentBuilder db=factory.newDocumentBuilder();
Document xmldoc=db.parse(new File("Test1.xml"));
root=xmldoc.getDocumentElement();
//--- 新建一本书开始 ----
theBook=xmldoc.createElement("book");
theElem=xmldoc.createElement("name");
theElem.setTextContent("新书");
theBook.appendChild(theElem);
theElem=xmldoc.createElement("price");
theElem.setTextContent("20");
theBook.appendChild(theElem);
theElem=xmldoc.createElement("memo");
theElem.setTextContent("新书的更好看。");
theBook.appendChild(theElem);
root.appendChild(theBook);
System.out.println("--- 新建一本书开始 ----");
output(xmldoc);
//--- 新建一本书完成 ----
//--- 下面对《哈里波特》做一些修改。 ----
//--- 查询找《哈里波特》----
theBook=(Element) selectSingleNode("/books/book[name='哈里波特']", root);
System.out.println("--- 查询找《哈里波特》 ----");
output(theBook);
//--- 此时修改这本书的价格 -----
theBook.getElementsByTagName("price").item(0).setTextContent("15");//getElementsByTagName返回的是NodeList,所以要跟上item(0)
System.out.println("--- 此时修改这本书的价格 ----");
output(theBook);
//--- 另外还想加一个属性id,值为B01 ----
theBook.setAttribute("id", "B01");
System.out.println("--- 另外还想加一个属性id,值为B01 ----");
output(theBook);
//--- 对《哈里波特》修改完成。 ----
//--- 要用id属性删除《三国演义》这本书 ----
theBook=(Element) selectSingleNode("/books/book[@id='B02']", root);
System.out.println("--- 要用id属性删除《三国演义》这本书 ----");
output(theBook);
theBook.getParentNode().removeChild(theBook);
System.out.println("--- 删除后的XML ----");
output(xmldoc);
//--- 再将所有价格低于10的书删除 ----
NodeList someBooks=selectNodes("/books/book[price<10]", root);
System.out.println("--- 再将所有价格低于10的书删除 ---");
System.out.println("--- 符合条件的书有 "+someBooks.getLength()+"本。 ---");
for(int i=0;i<someBooks.getLength();i++) ...{
someBooks.item(i).getParentNode().removeChild(someBooks.item(i));
}
output(xmldoc);
saveXml("Test1_Edited.xml", xmldoc);
} catch (ParserConfigurationException e) ...{
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SAXException e) ...{
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) ...{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static void output(Node node) ...{//将node的XML字符串输出到控制台
TransformerFactory transFactory=TransformerFactory.newInstance();
try ...{
Transformer transformer = transFactory.newTransformer();
transformer.setOutputProperty("encoding", "gb2312");
transformer.setOutputProperty("indent", "yes");
DOMSource source=new DOMSource();
source.setNode(node);
StreamResult result=new StreamResult();
result.setOutputStream(System.out);
transformer.transform(source, result);
} catch (TransformerConfigurationException e) ...{
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (TransformerException e) ...{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static Node selectSingleNode(String express, Object source) ...{//查找节点,并返回第一个符合条件节点
Node result=null;
XPathFactory xpathFactory=XPathFactory.newInstance();
XPath xpath=xpathFactory.newXPath();
try ...{
result=(Node) xpath.evaluate(express, source, XPathConstants.NODE);
} catch (XPathExpressionException e) ...{
e.printStackTrace();
}
return result;
}
public static NodeList selectNodes(String express, Object source) ...{//查找节点,返回符合条件的节点集。
NodeList result=null;
XPathFactory xpathFactory=XPathFactory.newInstance();
XPath xpath=xpathFactory.newXPath();
try ...{
result=(NodeList) xpath.evaluate(express, source, XPathConstants.NODESET);
} catch (XPathExpressionException e) ...{
e.printStackTrace();
}
return result;
}
public static void saveXml(String fileName, Document doc) ...{//将Document输出到文件
TransformerFactory transFactory=TransformerFactory.newInstance();
try ...{
Transformer transformer = transFactory.newTransformer();
transformer.setOutputProperty("indent", "yes");
DOMSource source=new DOMSource();
source.setNode(doc);
StreamResult result=new StreamResult();
result.setOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(fileName));
transformer.transform(source, result);
} catch (TransformerConfigurationException e) ...{
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (TransformerException e) ...{
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) ...{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.w3c.dom. * ;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
import javax.xml.parsers. * ;
import javax.xml.transform. * ;
import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;
import javax.xml.transform.stream. * ;
import javax.xml.xpath. * ;
public class Test ... {
public static void main(String[] args) ...{
DocumentBuilderFactory factory=DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
Element theBook=null, theElem=null, root=null;
try ...{
factory.setIgnoringElementContentWhitespace(true);
DocumentBuilder db=factory.newDocumentBuilder();
Document xmldoc=db.parse(new File("Test1.xml"));
root=xmldoc.getDocumentElement();
//--- 新建一本书开始 ----
theBook=xmldoc.createElement("book");
theElem=xmldoc.createElement("name");
theElem.setTextContent("新书");
theBook.appendChild(theElem);
theElem=xmldoc.createElement("price");
theElem.setTextContent("20");
theBook.appendChild(theElem);
theElem=xmldoc.createElement("memo");
theElem.setTextContent("新书的更好看。");
theBook.appendChild(theElem);
root.appendChild(theBook);
System.out.println("--- 新建一本书开始 ----");
output(xmldoc);
//--- 新建一本书完成 ----
//--- 下面对《哈里波特》做一些修改。 ----
//--- 查询找《哈里波特》----
theBook=(Element) selectSingleNode("/books/book[name='哈里波特']", root);
System.out.println("--- 查询找《哈里波特》 ----");
output(theBook);
//--- 此时修改这本书的价格 -----
theBook.getElementsByTagName("price").item(0).setTextContent("15");//getElementsByTagName返回的是NodeList,所以要跟上item(0)
System.out.println("--- 此时修改这本书的价格 ----");
output(theBook);
//--- 另外还想加一个属性id,值为B01 ----
theBook.setAttribute("id", "B01");
System.out.println("--- 另外还想加一个属性id,值为B01 ----");
output(theBook);
//--- 对《哈里波特》修改完成。 ----
//--- 要用id属性删除《三国演义》这本书 ----
theBook=(Element) selectSingleNode("/books/book[@id='B02']", root);
System.out.println("--- 要用id属性删除《三国演义》这本书 ----");
output(theBook);
theBook.getParentNode().removeChild(theBook);
System.out.println("--- 删除后的XML ----");
output(xmldoc);
//--- 再将所有价格低于10的书删除 ----
NodeList someBooks=selectNodes("/books/book[price<10]", root);
System.out.println("--- 再将所有价格低于10的书删除 ---");
System.out.println("--- 符合条件的书有 "+someBooks.getLength()+"本。 ---");
for(int i=0;i<someBooks.getLength();i++) ...{
someBooks.item(i).getParentNode().removeChild(someBooks.item(i));
}
output(xmldoc);
saveXml("Test1_Edited.xml", xmldoc);
} catch (ParserConfigurationException e) ...{
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SAXException e) ...{
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) ...{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static void output(Node node) ...{//将node的XML字符串输出到控制台
TransformerFactory transFactory=TransformerFactory.newInstance();
try ...{
Transformer transformer = transFactory.newTransformer();
transformer.setOutputProperty("encoding", "gb2312");
transformer.setOutputProperty("indent", "yes");
DOMSource source=new DOMSource();
source.setNode(node);
StreamResult result=new StreamResult();
result.setOutputStream(System.out);
transformer.transform(source, result);
} catch (TransformerConfigurationException e) ...{
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (TransformerException e) ...{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static Node selectSingleNode(String express, Object source) ...{//查找节点,并返回第一个符合条件节点
Node result=null;
XPathFactory xpathFactory=XPathFactory.newInstance();
XPath xpath=xpathFactory.newXPath();
try ...{
result=(Node) xpath.evaluate(express, source, XPathConstants.NODE);
} catch (XPathExpressionException e) ...{
e.printStackTrace();
}
return result;
}
public static NodeList selectNodes(String express, Object source) ...{//查找节点,返回符合条件的节点集。
NodeList result=null;
XPathFactory xpathFactory=XPathFactory.newInstance();
XPath xpath=xpathFactory.newXPath();
try ...{
result=(NodeList) xpath.evaluate(express, source, XPathConstants.NODESET);
} catch (XPathExpressionException e) ...{
e.printStackTrace();
}
return result;
}
public static void saveXml(String fileName, Document doc) ...{//将Document输出到文件
TransformerFactory transFactory=TransformerFactory.newInstance();
try ...{
Transformer transformer = transFactory.newTransformer();
transformer.setOutputProperty("indent", "yes");
DOMSource source=new DOMSource();
source.setNode(doc);
StreamResult result=new StreamResult();
result.setOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(fileName));
transformer.transform(source, result);
} catch (TransformerConfigurationException e) ...{
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (TransformerException e) ...{
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) ...{
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}