Java的深拷贝和浅拷贝(2)

上一篇文章讲述了浅拷贝和深拷贝的含义，并且给出了浅拷贝的一个例子

 

这篇文章在那个例子的实现上作出修改，实现深拷贝,代码如下：

 

package com.test; public class CloneTest { public static void main(String[] args) { Student s1 = new Student(); s1.setAge(20); s1.setName("wudi"); School school = new School(); school.setName("Peiyang University"); school.setBornYear(1895); s1.setSchool(school); System.out .println("s1:" + s1.getName() + " " + s1.getAge() + " " + s1.getSchool().getName() + " " + s1.getSchool().getBornYear()); try { //拷贝一个学生 Student s2 = (Student)s1.clone(); s2.setAge(21); s2.setName("WUDI"); System.out .println("s2:" + s2.getName() + " " + s2.getAge() + " " + s2.getSchool().getName() + " " + s2.getSchool().getBornYear()); System.out.println("after s2 changing some property:"); //通过学生s2改变了他所在学校的名称和成立时间 s2.getSchool().setName("Tianjin University"); s2.getSchool().setBornYear(1951); System.out .println("s1:" + s1.getName() + " " + s1.getAge() + " " + s1.getSchool().getName() + " " + s1.getSchool().getBornYear()); System.out .println("s2:" + s2.getName() + " " + s2.getAge() + " " + s2.getSchool().getName() + " " + s2.getSchool().getBornYear()); } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } class School implements Cloneable { private String name; private int bornYear; public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public int getBornYear() { return bornYear; } public void setBornYear(int bornYear) { this.bornYear = bornYear; } @Override protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException { return super.clone(); } } class Student implements Cloneable { private int age; private String name; private School school; public School getSchool() { return school; } public void setSchool(School school) { this.school = school; } public int getAge() { return age; } public void setAge(int age) { this.age = age; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } @Override protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException { Student s2 = (Student)super.clone(); //将school所引用的对象也拷贝一份，并且让学生s2去引用这个新的School对象 s2.setSchool((School)school.clone()); return s2; } }  

 

 

该段代码让School类(被引用的类)也实现了Cloneable接口，并且也重写了clone()方法。然后改写了Student的clone()方法。

 

 

从结果可以看出，学生s2改变其引用的学校的属性，不会影响到学生s1所属的学校的属性，这就是深拷贝的含义。

 

 

 

上面是深拷贝的一个实现。

 

还可以通过序列化来实现对象的深拷贝，一个对象被序列化时会将对象和对象内部引用的其他的对象(递归下去)一起序列化

 

一个对象如果想要被序列化，那么必须实现Serializable接口，这个接口也没有定义任何方法，也是一个marker interface

 

将前一个例子进行改写，用序列化的方法实现深拷贝的代码如下：

 

package com.test; import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream; import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream; import java.io.ObjectInputStream; import java.io.ObjectOutputStream; import java.io.Serializable; public class CloneTest { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { Student s1 = new Student(); s1.setAge(20); s1.setName("wudi"); School school = new School(); school.setName("Peiyang University"); school.setBornYear(1895); s1.setSchool(school); System.out .println("s1:" + s1.getName() + " " + s1.getAge() + " " + s1.getSchool().getName() + " " + s1.getSchool().getBornYear()); try { //拷贝一个学生 Student s2 = (Student)s1.deepClone(); s2.setAge(21); s2.setName("WUDI"); System.out .println("s2:" + s2.getName() + " " + s2.getAge() + " " + s2.getSchool().getName() + " " + s2.getSchool().getBornYear()); System.out.println("after s2 changing some property:"); //通过学生s2改变了他所在学校的名称和成立时间 s2.getSchool().setName("Tianjin University"); s2.getSchool().setBornYear(1951); System.out .println("s1:" + s1.getName() + " " + s1.getAge() + " " + s1.getSchool().getName() + " " + s1.getSchool().getBornYear()); System.out .println("s2:" + s2.getName() + " " + s2.getAge() + " " + s2.getSchool().getName() + " " + s2.getSchool().getBornYear()); } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } class School implements Serializable { private String name; private int bornYear; public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public int getBornYear() { return bornYear; } public void setBornYear(int bornYear) { this.bornYear = bornYear; } } class Student implements Serializable { private int age; private String name; private School school; public School getSchool() { return school; } public void setSchool(School school) { this.school = school; } public int getAge() { return age; } public void setAge(int age) { this.age = age; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public Object deepClone() throws Exception { ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); //相当于流的连接，将oos流对象连接到baos流对象 ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(baos); oos.writeObject(this);//以上三行将this对象序列化后输出到baos对象中 //将baos这个流对象转化成字节数组，然后利用这个字节数组构造bais对象 //下面三行就是一个反序列化的过程 ByteArrayInputStream bais = new ByteArrayInputStream(baos.toByteArray()); ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(bais); return ois.readObject(); } }