2.深入理解juc-Fixed线程池

首先看一个线程池的简单例子:

import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

public class FixThreadPoolTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ExecutorService pool = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(6);
        for (int i = 0; i < 50; i++) {
            pool.execute(new Runnable() {
                @Override
                public void run() {
                    try {
                        TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                    System.out.println("hello world! Execute ThreadName=" + Thread.currentThread().getName());
                }
            });
        }
        pool.shutdown();
    }
}

本文将从源码角度分析线程池的创建,线程的提交,线程池的执行策略,线程池阻塞队列,线程池参数含义,最后线程池的关闭角度来分析。

首先看第一点,分析ExecutorService,Executors源码

 

public interface ExecutorService extends Executor {
    void shutdown();

    List<Runnable> shutdownNow();

    boolean isShutdown();

    boolean isTerminated();

    boolean awaitTermination(long timeout, TimeUnit unit)
        throws InterruptedException;

    <T> Future<T> submit(Callable<T> task);

    <T> Future<T> submit(Runnable task, T result);

    Future<?> submit(Runnable task);

    <T> List<Future<T>> invokeAll(Collection<? extends Callable<T>> tasks)
        throws InterruptedException;

    <T> List<Future<T>> invokeAll(Collection<? extends Callable<T>> tasks,
                                  long timeout, TimeUnit unit)
        throws InterruptedException;

    <T> T invokeAny(Collection<? extends Callable<T>> tasks)
        throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException;

    <T> T invokeAny(Collection<? extends Callable<T>> tasks,
                    long timeout, TimeUnit unit)
        throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException, TimeoutException;
}

先来看ExecutorService接口的定义:ExecutorService 是个接口,并且继承了Executor接口,Executor中只定义了一个execute方法。该方法接收一个线程作为参数,显然是用来执行一个提交上来的线程。

对于ExecutorService接口,它主要定义了终止线程的方法和异步追踪每个线程回调结果的能力。并且它是可以被关闭的,当他被关闭的时候,会拒绝新的任务的提交。ExecutorService线程池的关闭有两种方法:shutdown和shutdownnow,前者被调用后,会拒绝新的任务提交,但是会等待队列里的线程和线程池中的线程执行完毕。后者会阻止新任务的启动,并且会尝试终止线程池中正在运行的任务。

我们基本可以认为ExecutorService就是一个线程池的父接口。该接口定义了线程池的一些必备比较高层次抽象的方法。

 

再来看第二点,来分析一下线程池的核心参数

对于线程池的具体创建,这里定义了一个固定线程数量为6的线程池.创建过程调用了newFixedThreadPool方法:

public static ExecutorService newFixedThreadPool(int nThreads) {
    return new ThreadPoolExecutor(nThreads, nThreads,
                                  0L, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS,
                                  new LinkedBlockingQueue<Runnable>());
}

该方法调用了ThreadPoolExecutor这个构造方法。

 

public ThreadPoolExecutor(int corePoolSize,
                          int maximumPoolSize,
                          long keepAliveTime,
                          TimeUnit unit,
                          BlockingQueue<Runnable> workQueue) {
    this(corePoolSize, maximumPoolSize, keepAliveTime, unit, workQueue,
         Executors.defaultThreadFactory(), defaultHandler);
}

接着调用了ThreadPoolExecutor的重载方法:

public ThreadPoolExecutor(int corePoolSize,
                          int maximumPoolSize,
                          long keepAliveTime,
                          TimeUnit unit,
                          BlockingQueue<Runnable> workQueue,
                          ThreadFactory threadFactory,
                          RejectedExecutionHandler handler) {
    if (corePoolSize < 0 ||
        maximumPoolSize <= 0 ||
        maximumPoolSize < corePoolSize ||
        keepAliveTime < 0)
        throw new IllegalArgumentException();
    if (workQueue == null || threadFactory == null || handler == null)
        throw new NullPointerException();
    this.acc = System.getSecurityManager() == null ?
            null :
            AccessController.getContext();
    this.corePoolSize = corePoolSize;
    this.maximumPoolSize = maximumPoolSize;
    this.workQueue = workQueue;
    this.keepAliveTime = unit.toNanos(keepAliveTime);
    this.threadFactory = threadFactory;
    this.handler = handler;
}

这样看来,最后这个线程池就是指的是这个ThreadPoolExecutor类了。再来看看这个类的定义:

public class ThreadPoolExecutor extends AbstractExecutorService

发现他继承自一个抽象的AbstractExecutorService,再来看AbstractExecutorService

public abstract class AbstractExecutorService implements ExecutorService

AbstractExecutorService 是实现了ExecutorService接口。而这个接口正式我们代码里写的那个接口:ExecutorService pool = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(6); 那么这段代码就清晰了:

返回的这个pool 是创建了ExecutorService 的子子类,赋给了这个ExecutorService 接口,通过对ExecutorService 接口的分析,ThreadPoolExecutor就是我们创建的那个线程池了,下面就对该线程池的具体实现做详细分析。

我们还是用上面的ThreadPoolExecutor的重载方法来分析,里面有这么几个参数:

int corePoolSize, 核心线程数量

int maximumPoolSize, 最大线程数量

long keepAliveTime, 核心线程外的那个线程池存活时间

TimeUnit unit, keepAliveTime的时间单位

BlockingQueue<Runnable> workQueue, 线程池中的那个queue

ThreadFactory threadFactory, 线程工厂,用来创建线程池中常驻的worker线程

RejectedExecutionHandler handler 拒绝策略

实际上,从参数中我们可以看出线程池的构成,可以用一张图表示:

 

 

 

下面来看第三点:线程的提交。

再次来看我们提交过程提交了哪些参数:

public static ExecutorService newFixedThreadPool(int nThreads) {
    return new ThreadPoolExecutor(nThreads=6, nThreads=6,
                                  0L, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS,
                                  new LinkedBlockingQueue<Runnable>());
}

第一个参数:核心线程nThreads为6,

第二个参数:最大线程数nThreads为6,

第三个参数:非core线程存活时间为0,

第四个参数时间单位为秒,

第五个参数:线程池的queue为LinkedBlockingQueue的一个线程池,对于LinkedBlockingQueue,这里使用的是默认的构造函数。

public LinkedBlockingQueue() {
    this(Integer.MAX_VALUE);
}

传入的是int的最大值,重载方法参数是初始化该queue的最大值:

public LinkedBlockingQueue(int capacity) {
    if (capacity <= 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException();
    this.capacity = capacity;
    last = head = new Node<E>(null);
}

所以该queue是个初始化大小是Integer.MAX_VALUE的队列,可以认为是个无界队列。

那么这个fix线程池的构成就变成了这样:

上面new ThreadPoolExecutor构造函数调用的重载方法:

public ThreadPoolExecutor(int corePoolSize,
                          int maximumPoolSize,
                          long keepAliveTime,
                          TimeUnit unit,
                          BlockingQueue<Runnable> workQueue) {
    this(corePoolSize, maximumPoolSize, keepAliveTime, unit, workQueue,
         Executors.defaultThreadFactory(), defaultHandler);
}

再贴一次上面的代码:

 

public ThreadPoolExecutor(int corePoolSize,
                          int maximumPoolSize,
                          long keepAliveTime,
                          TimeUnit unit,
                          BlockingQueue<Runnable> workQueue,
                          ThreadFactory threadFactory,
                          RejectedExecutionHandler handler) {
    if (corePoolSize < 0 ||
        maximumPoolSize <= 0 ||
        maximumPoolSize < corePoolSize ||
        keepAliveTime < 0)
        throw new IllegalArgumentException();
    if (workQueue == null || threadFactory == null || handler == null)
        throw new NullPointerException();
    this.acc = System.getSecurityManager() == null ?
            null :
            AccessController.getContext();
    this.corePoolSize = corePoolSize;
    this.maximumPoolSize = maximumPoolSize;
    this.workQueue = workQueue;
    this.keepAliveTime = unit.toNanos(keepAliveTime);
    this.threadFactory = threadFactory;
    this.handler = handler;
}

除了上面分析的五个参数外,这里还多了两个参数,一个是ThreadFactory用的是Executors.defaultThreadFactory(),另一个拒绝策略用的是defaultHandler,拒绝策略的作用是当线程池满了并且queue也满了的时候,再来一个线程提交上来,线程池该怎么处理?这里拒绝策略需要传入一个实现了RejectedExecutionHandler接口的对象 handler,实现该接口需要实现它的rejectedExecution方法,该方法用来实现拒绝策略的具体执行,先来看这个默认拒绝策略:

private static final RejectedExecutionHandler defaultHandler = new AbortPolicy();

他是一个AbortPolicy,从它的rejectedExecution方法可以看出,这个拒绝策略就是直接抛出RejectedExecutionException异常。

/**
 * A handler for rejected tasks that throws a
 * {@code RejectedExecutionException}.
 */
public static class AbortPolicy implements RejectedExecutionHandler {
    /**
     * Creates an {@code AbortPolicy}.
     */
    public AbortPolicy() { }

    /**
     * Always throws RejectedExecutionException.
     *
     * @param r the runnable task requested to be executed
     * @param e the executor attempting to execute this task
     * @throws RejectedExecutionException always
     */
    public void rejectedExecution(Runnable r, ThreadPoolExecutor e) {
        throw new RejectedExecutionException("Task " + r.toString() +
                                             " rejected from " +
                                             e.toString());
    }
}

 

再来看这个defaultThreadFactory是什么东西:

static class DefaultThreadFactory implements ThreadFactory {
    private static final AtomicInteger poolNumber = new AtomicInteger(1);
    private final ThreadGroup group;
    private final AtomicInteger threadNumber = new AtomicInteger(1);
    private final String namePrefix;

    DefaultThreadFactory() {
        SecurityManager s = System.getSecurityManager();
        group = (s != null) ? s.getThreadGroup() :
                              Thread.currentThread().getThreadGroup();
        namePrefix = "pool-" +
                      poolNumber.getAndIncrement() +
                     "-thread-";
    }

    public Thread newThread(Runnable r) {
        Thread t = new Thread(group, r,
                              namePrefix + threadNumber.getAndIncrement(),
                              0);
        if (t.isDaemon())
            t.setDaemon(false);
        if (t.getPriority() != Thread.NORM_PRIORITY)
            t.setPriority(Thread.NORM_PRIORITY);
        return t;
    }
}

上面的构造器要求传入的是ThreadFactory接口的实现类,而该类继承自ThreadFactory,那么显然有用的方法就是这个ThreadFactory中定义的newThread,这是生产一个线程,也就是加入到corepool中的线程都要经过该工厂封装处理一下,具体用法后面会讲到。这样这几个参数都清晰了。那么整个fix线程池的构成是这样:

队列:LinkedBlockQueue,相当于无界队列

核心线程池:6个线程

拒绝策略:AbortPolicy

ThreadFactory:DefaultThreadFactory

最大线程数 = 核心线程数

分析到这里,我们的fix线程池就构建完毕了,这里需要注意的是,当前线程池中并没有具体的线程在执行,只是初始化了一个大小为6的池子。

我们来到第三步,线程的提交:

pool.execute(new Runnable() {...}

点进去发现,execute是executor中定义的接口,而代码

ExecutorService pool = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(6);

中的ExecutorService 是executor的子接口,executor中只定义了execute方法,而这里的pool付给了一个ExecutorService 接口,该接口继承了executor,因此可以使用pool调用execute方法。这里的继承关系如下图:

最终的实现类是ThreadPoolExecutor,来看该类的execute方法:

public void execute(Runnable command) {
    if (command == null)
        throw new NullPointerException();
    int c = ctl.get();
    if (workerCountOf(c) < corePoolSize) {
        if (addWorker(command, true))
            return;
        c = ctl.get();
    }
    if (isRunning(c) && workQueue.offer(command)) {
        int recheck = ctl.get();
        if (! isRunning(recheck) && remove(command))
            reject(command);
        else if (workerCountOf(recheck) == 0)
            addWorker(null, false);
    }
    else if (!addWorker(command, false))
        reject(command);

这里分为三种情况:

1.当线程池中worker数量没有达到corepoolsize的话,那么将会调用addworker方法把一个worker加入到core线程池里。加入的过程中也会检查worker的数量和线程池的状态。

2.当corepool中的线程数量达到了corepoolsize,那么会将提交上来的command(Runnable)放入到队列里。在放入过程中,也会去检查线程池的状态等。

3.如果放入队列失败,如果此时还有最大线程池的设置,并且最大线程池数量大于corepoolsize的话,那么就会启动新的线程,否则,执行拒绝策略。

首先,看int c = ctl.get();这里的ctl:

private final AtomicInteger ctl = new AtomicInteger(ctlOf(RUNNING, 0));

一个atomic类型的变量,该变量身兼两职:与ReentrantReadWriteLock类似,利用变量的不同位记录了线程池的状态和线程数量。比如runState通过对该变量位运算拿到线程池状态,workerCountOf利用位运算拿到线程数量:

private static int runStateOf(int c)     { return c & ~CAPACITY; }
private static int workerCountOf(int c)  { return c & CAPACITY; }
private static int ctlOf(int rs, int wc) { return rs | wc; }

它的低29位用于存放当前的线程数, 因此一个线程池在理论上最大的线程数是 536870911; 高 3 位是用于表示当前线程池的状态, 其中高三位的值和状态对应如下:

  • 111: RUNNING
  • 000: SHUTDOWN
  • 001: STOP
  • 010: TIDYING
  • 110: TERMINATED

总之这个变量是用来记录线程池状态和当前线程数量的。

 

//如果当前线程池的数量小于corepoolsize的数量,就去执行addWorker(command, true)
if (workerCountOf(c) < corePoolSize) {
        if (addWorker(command, true))
            return;
        c = ctl.get();
    }

进入addworker方法,传入的参数分别是需要执行的提交的线程,和一个bool变量,该变量来标识该线程是否是提交到core线程池内。

private boolean addWorker(Runnable firstTask, boolean core) {
    //标识,方便程序跳转
    retry:
    for (;;) {
        //获取当前的ctl值
        int c = ctl.get();
        //通过ctl获取当前线程池状态
        int rs = runStateOf(c);

        // Check if queue empty only if necessary.
        if (rs >= SHUTDOWN &&
            ! (rs == SHUTDOWN &&
               firstTask == null &&
               ! workQueue.isEmpty()))
            return false;

        for (;;) {
            //获取当前线程池线程数量
            int wc = workerCountOf(c);
            //这里core为true,也就是说,如果当前正在执行的线程数量大于等于CAPACITY 
            //或者大于等于corepoolsize,就直接返回false
            if (wc >= CAPACITY ||
                wc >= (core ? corePoolSize : maximumPoolSize))
                return false;
            //否则的话,进入这里意味着corepool还没有满    
            //cas操作对当前线程数的记录进行原子加操作
            //如果cas成功,就跳出当前两层循环向下执行
            if (compareAndIncrementWorkerCount(c))
                break retry;
            //运行到这里意味着上面对workercount的cas加操作失败
            //重新上面的操作,直到cas成功跳出循环或者线程池满导致条件判断失败返回false    
            c = ctl.get();  // Re-read ctl
            if (runStateOf(c) != rs)
                continue retry;
            // else CAS failed due to workerCount change; retry inner loop
        }
    }
    //设置状态标志worker线程
    boolean workerStarted = false;
    boolean workerAdded = false;
    Worker w = null;
    try {
        //firstTask是传进来的线程,Worker的构造看下面的源码
        w = new Worker(firstTask);
        //t这个threa就是worker中通过线程工厂创建的线程
        final Thread t = w.thread;
        if (t != null) {
            //加锁
            final ReentrantLock mainLock = this.mainLock;
            mainLock.lock();
            try {
                // Recheck while holding lock.
                // Back out on ThreadFactory failure or if
                // shut down before lock acquired.
                //再次检查线程池运行状态
                int rs = runStateOf(ctl.get());
                //小于shutdown意味着running状态
                if (rs < SHUTDOWN ||
                    (rs == SHUTDOWN && firstTask == null)) {
                    //检查一下,t是新加入的线程,正常情况下不应该已经启动    
                    if (t.isAlive()) // precheck that t is startable
                        throw new IllegalThreadStateException();
                    //worker是个HashSet 就是core线程池,加入新建的worker   
                    workers.add(w);
                    int s = workers.size();
                    if (s > largestPoolSize)
                        largestPoolSize = s;
                    //加入成功设置状态    
                    workerAdded = true;
                }
            } finally {
                mainLock.unlock();
            }
            if (workerAdded) {
                //wroker加入到线程池后,将worker内的那个thread启动。并修改状态
                //该threa的启动并是执行的worker中的run方法
                t.start();
                workerStarted = true;
            }
        }
    } finally {
        if (! workerStarted)
        //如果worker启动失败,则要做处理
            addWorkerFailed(w);
    }
    //最后返回线程是否启动成功
    return workerStarted;
}

 

其中worker线程的构造过程:

Worker(Runnable firstTask) {
    setState(-1); // inhibit interrupts until runWorker
    this.firstTask = firstTask;
    this.thread = getThreadFactory().newThread(this);
}

将提交上来的thread:firstTask赋值给Worker的成员变量,并将自己传递给线程工厂来创建出一个新的线程,这里有点绕,实际上是Worker本身就是一个Runnable类,它持有两个线程,一个是提交上来的线程firstTask,一个是将本身传递给线程工厂产生的一个线程thread:

/** Thread this worker is running in.  Null if factory fails. */
final Thread thread;
/** Initial task to run.  Possibly null. */
Runnable firstTask;

线程工厂主要做了一些封装,给线程设置个名字,优先级等。

public Thread newThread(Runnable r) {
    Thread t = new Thread(group, r,
                          namePrefix + threadNumber.getAndIncrement(),
                          0);
    if (t.isDaemon())
        t.setDaemon(false);
    if (t.getPriority() != Thread.NORM_PRIORITY)
        t.setPriority(Thread.NORM_PRIORITY);
    return t;
}

下面来看,如果线程启动失败了怎么办,也就是代码中的addWorkerFailed(w);方法:

private void addWorkerFailed(Worker w) {
    final ReentrantLock mainLock = this.mainLock;
    mainLock.lock();
    try {
        if (w != null)
            workers.remove(w);
        decrementWorkerCount();
        tryTerminate();
    } finally {
        mainLock.unlock();
    }
}

该方法首先获取锁,因为workers是非线程安全的类,所以前面的addworker和这里的remove操作都需要枷锁。这里首先从worker中删除刚加入的worker线程,然后将worker计数器减一,并调用tryTerminate方法,最后释放锁。最后tryTerminate方法去关掉线程。

在上面worker的执行t.start();这段代码调用的是worker的run方法:

 

public void run() {
    runWorker(this);
}

runWorker方法:

 

final void runWorker(Worker w) {
    Thread wt = Thread.currentThread();
    Runnable task = w.firstTask;
    w.firstTask = null;
    w.unlock(); // allow interrupts
    boolean completedAbruptly = true;
    try {
        //第一轮循环task!=null,进入循环,执行提交上来的任务
        //第二轮循环,task=null,getTask()从队列中获取任务,如果队列是空
        //则调用getTask方法从队列中获取任务
        while (task != null || (task = getTask()) != null) {
            w.lock();
            // If pool is stopping, ensure thread is interrupted;
            // if not, ensure thread is not interrupted.  This
            // requires a recheck in second case to deal with
            // shutdownNow race while clearing interrupt
            if ((runStateAtLeast(ctl.get(), STOP) ||
                 (Thread.interrupted() &&
                  runStateAtLeast(ctl.get(), STOP))) &&
                !wt.isInterrupted())
                wt.interrupt();
            try {
                beforeExecute(wt, task);
                Throwable thrown = null;
                try {
                    task.run();
                } catch (RuntimeException x) {
                    thrown = x; throw x;
                } catch (Error x) {
                    thrown = x; throw x;
                } catch (Throwable x) {
                    thrown = x; throw new Error(x);
                } finally {
                    afterExecute(task, thrown);
                }
            } finally {
                task = null;
                w.completedTasks++;
                w.unlock();
            }
        }
        completedAbruptly = false;
    } finally {
        processWorkerExit(w, completedAbruptly);
    }
}

做了一些状态的变更,最终调用的还是提交上来的那个线程的run方法。这里还有个比较重要的方法就是在循环中的getTask()方法:

while (task != null || (task = getTask()) != null) {... ...}

getTask方法就是不断的从队列中获取任务交给runWorker里的循环来启动:

private Runnable getTask() {
    boolean timedOut = false; // Did the last poll() time out?

    for (;;) {
        int c = ctl.get();
        int rs = runStateOf(c);

        // Check if queue empty only if necessary.
        if (rs >= SHUTDOWN && (rs >= STOP || workQueue.isEmpty())) {
            decrementWorkerCount();
            return null;
        }

        int wc = workerCountOf(c);

        // Are workers subject to culling?
        boolean timed = allowCoreThreadTimeOut || wc > corePoolSize;

        if ((wc > maximumPoolSize || (timed && timedOut))
            && (wc > 1 || workQueue.isEmpty())) {
            if (compareAndDecrementWorkerCount(c))
                return null;
            continue;
        }

        try {
            Runnable r = timed ?
                workQueue.poll(keepAliveTime, TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS) :
               //fix pool走这里,如果队列中没有任务则阻塞等待
                workQueue.take();
            if (r != null)
                return r;
            timedOut = true;
        } catch (InterruptedException retry) {
            timedOut = false;
        }
    }
}

因为fix线程池中没有超时的设置,所有如果队列中没有任务需要执行了,则take方法阻塞住:

public E take() throws InterruptedException {
    E x;
    int c = -1;
    final AtomicInteger count = this.count;
    final ReentrantLock takeLock = this.takeLock;
    takeLock.lockInterruptibly();
    try {
        while (count.get() == 0) {
            //阻塞在这里
            notEmpty.await();
        }
        x = dequeue();
        c = count.getAndDecrement();
        if (c > 1)
            notEmpty.signal();
    } finally {
        takeLock.unlock();
    }
    if (c == capacity)
        signalNotFull();
    return x;
}

也就是阻塞队列里获取数据的时候,阻塞在notEmpty.await();方法。而后面的offer(command)向队列中添加任务的时候又会调用signalNotEmpty();来唤醒被阻塞的worker线程中的take方法,这样worker线程获取了新的任务继续在线程池里执行了。

那么第一种情况:当线程池中worker数量没有达到corepoolsize的话已经分析完了。

 

下面分析第二种情况:当corepool中的线程数量达到了corepoolsize,那么会将提交上来的command(Runnable)放入到队列里。再贴一次上面的源码:

 

public void execute(Runnable command) {
    if (command == null)
        throw new NullPointerException();
    int c = ctl.get();
    //第一种情况
    //如果工作线程数小于核心线程数,
    if (workerCountOf(c) < corePoolSize) {
        if (addWorker(command, true))
            return;
        c = ctl.get();
    }
    //第二种情况
    //如果工作线程数大于核心线程数,则检查线程池状态是否是正在运行,
    //且将新线程向阻塞队列提交。
    if (isRunning(c) && workQueue.offer(command)) {
        int recheck = ctl.get();
        //如果线程池不在存活状态,那么从队列里把任务移除,并执行reject策略
        if (! isRunning(recheck) && remove(command))
            reject(command);
        //如果线程池的工作线程为零,则调用addWoker提交任务
        //如果走到这里,说明上步的remove方法失败了,任务已经提交到queue里了
        //所以这里addWorker传入null,然后从队列里拿就行了,否则任务就重复
        //提交了
        else if (workerCountOf(recheck) == 0)
            addWorker(null, false);
    }
    //第三种情况
    else if (!addWorker(command, false))
        reject(command);

这种情况下,只要线程池存活,就会尝试将这个任务放到workQueue中,通过前面的分析指导该queue是个LinkedBlockingQueue,来看它的offer方法:

public boolean offer(E e) {
    if (e == null) throw new NullPointerException();
    final AtomicInteger count = this.count;
    if (count.get() == capacity)
        return false;
    int c = -1;
    Node<E> node = new Node<E>(e);
    //加锁
    final ReentrantLock putLock = this.putLock;
    putLock.lock();
    try {
        if (count.get() < capacity) {
            enqueue(node);
            c = count.getAndIncrement();
            if (c + 1 < capacity)
            //队列没有满,通知添加被阻塞的线程继续加入元素
                notFull.signal();
        }
    } finally {
        putLock.unlock();
    }
    //队列里没有任务了,那么所有的core线程池中的worker都被take阻塞住了
    if (c == 0)
    //通知所有等待的worker,队列有数据了,worker中的阻塞take方法被唤醒执行
        signalNotEmpty();
    return c >= 0;
}

 

加入队列后,再次去判断线程池状态,如果是不再运行,那么再从队列中把任务删除掉并执行reject策略。如果remove失败,则提交一个空任务的worker到core线程池,消费这个queue里的任务就行了。

第三种情况比较简单了,如果corepoll满了,并且队列也满了,那么就会创建额外的线程池

 

else if (!addWorker(command, false))
    reject(command);

在addworker中

if (wc >= CAPACITY ||
    wc >= (core ? corePoolSize : maximumPoolSize))
    return false;

如果当前线程数量已经大于maximumPoolSize了,就执行拒绝策略。

实际上,在fix线程池中是不会走到第三种情况的,因为只有在队列满了的情况下才会出现第三者情况,但是这个队列是int型的最大值,在到第三种情况之前早就内存溢出了。

最后看下线程池关闭的方法shutdown:

 

/**
 * Initiates an orderly shutdown in which previously submitted
 * tasks are executed, but no new tasks will be accepted.
 * Invocation has no additional effect if already shut down.
 *
 * <p>This method does not wait for previously submitted tasks to
 * complete execution.  Use {@link #awaitTermination awaitTermination}
 * to do that.
 *
 * @throws SecurityException {@inheritDoc}
 */
public void shutdown() {
    final ReentrantLock mainLock = this.mainLock;
    mainLock.lock();
    try {
        checkShutdownAccess();
        advanceRunState(SHUTDOWN);
        interruptIdleWorkers();
        onShutdown(); // hook for ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor
    } finally {
        mainLock.unlock();
    }
    tryTerminate();
}

 

 

这个方法大意就是不再接受新的任务提交,但是会等待所有的已经提交的任务全部执行完才去关闭线程池。

 

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