springboot配置数据源

​ Spring Framework 为 SQL 数据库提供了广泛的支持。从直接使用 JdbcTemplate 进行 JDBC 访问到完全的对象关系映射（object relational mapping）技术，比如 Hibernate。Spring Data 提供了更多级别的功能，直接从接口创建的 Repository 实现，并使用了约定从方法名生成查询。

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1、JDBC

1、创建项目，导入需要的依赖

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
        </dependency>
 		<dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>

2、配置数据源

spring:
  datasource:
    username: root
    password: 123456
    url: jdbc:mysql://192.168.85.111:3306/sakila?serverTimezone=UTC&useUnicode=true@characterEncoding=utf-8
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

3、测试类代码

package com.example;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;

import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.SQLException;

@SpringBootTest
class DataApplicationTests {
   

    @Autowired
    DataSource dataSource;

    @Test
    void contextLoads() throws SQLException {
   
        System.out.println(dataSource.getClass());
        Connection connection = dataSource.getConnection();
        System.out.println(connection);
        connection.close();
    }

}
//可以看到默认配置的数据源为class com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource，没有经过任何配置，说明springboot默认情况下支持的就是这种数据源，可以在DataSourceProperties.java文件中查看具体的属性配置

4、crud操作

​ 1、有了数据源(com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource)，然后可以拿到数据库连接(java.sql.Connection)，有了连接，就可以使用连接和原生的 JDBC 语句来操作数据库

​ 2、即使不使用第三方第数据库操作框架，如 MyBatis等，Spring 本身也对原生的JDBC 做了轻量级的封装，即 org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate。

​ 3、数据库操作的所有 CRUD 方法都在 JdbcTemplate 中。

​ 4、Spring Boot 不仅提供了默认的数据源，同时默认已经配置好了 JdbcTemplate 放在了容器中，程序员只需自己注入即可使用

​ 5、JdbcTemplate 的自动配置原理是依赖 org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc 包下的 org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.JdbcTemplateAutoConfiguration 类

package com.example.contoller;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

@RestController
public class JDBCController {
   

    @Autowired
    JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

    @GetMapping("/emplist")
    public List<Map<String,Object>> empList(){
   
        String sql = "select * from emp";
        List<Map<String, Object>> maps = jdbcTemplate.queryForList(sql);
        return maps;
    }

    @GetMapping("/addEmp")
    public String addUser(){
   
        String sql = "insert into emp(empno,ename) values(1111,'zhangsan')";
        jdbcTemplate.update(sql);
        return "success";
    }

    @GetMapping("/updateEmp/{id}")
    public String updateEmp(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
   
        String sql = "update emp set ename=? where empno = "+id;
        String name = "list";
        jdbcTemplate.update(sql,name);
        return "update success";
    }

    @GetMapping("/deleteEmp/{id}")
    public String deleteEmp(@PathVariable("id")Integer id){
   
        String sql = "delete from emp where empno = "+id;
        jdbcTemplate.update(sql);
        return "delete success";
    }
}

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2、自定义数据源DruidDataSource

通过源码查看DataSourceAutoConfiguration.java

@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
@ConditionalOnClass({
    DataSource.class, EmbeddedDatabaseType.class })
@EnableConfigurationProperties(DataSourceProperties.class)
@Import({
    DataSourcePoolMetadataProvidersConfiguration.class, DataSourceInitializationConfiguration.class })
public class DataSourceAutoConfiguration {
   

	@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
	@Conditional(EmbeddedDatabaseCondition.class)
	@ConditionalOnMissingBean({
    DataSource.class, XADataSource.class })
	@Import(EmbeddedDataSourceConfiguration.class)
	protected static class EmbeddedDatabaseConfiguration {
   

	}

	@Configuration(proxyBeanMethods = false)
	@Conditional(PooledDataSourceCondition.class)
	@ConditionalOnMissingBean({
    DataSource.class, XADataSource.class })
	@Import({
    DataSourceConfiguration.Hikari.class, DataSourceConfiguration.Tomcat.class,
			DataSourceConfiguration.Dbcp2.class, DataSourceConfiguration.Generic.class,
			DataSourceJmxConfiguration.class })
	protected static class PooledDataSourceConfiguration {
   

	}

	/**
	 * {@link AnyNestedCondition} that checks that either {@code spring.datasource.type}
	 * is set or {@link PooledDataSourceAvailableCondition} applies.
	 */
	static class PooledDataSourceCondition extends AnyNestedCondition {
   

		PooledDataSourceCondition() {
   
			super(ConfigurationPhase.PARSE_CONFIGURATION);
		}

		@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "spring.datasource", name = "type")
		static class ExplicitType {
   

		}

		@Conditional(PooledDataSourceAvailableCondition.class)
		static class PooledDataSourceAvailable {
   

		}

	}

1、添加druid的maven配置

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
    <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
    <version>1.1.12</version>
</dependency>

2、添加数据源的配置

spring:
  datasource:
    username