浮点数在内存中的表示 实例

 Value = (-1)^sign*significand*2*^exponet

sign:浮点数在内存中的表示符号的那位数的位数

significand：浮点数的有效数的二进制形式

exponet:浮点数的指数（2的幂）(float 8位double 11位)

规格化：隐含的以1开头的浮点数的二进制表示

举例：

浮点数    内存中的表示                                       二进制表示                         significand                       exponet  

121        00000000 00405E40                         (0.1111001*2 ⁶)                 (0.111001)2                    6=1029(40E)-1023
 0.875    00000000 0000EC3F                        (0.111)2                              (0.11)2                             -1=1022(3fc)-1023
 0.1         99999999 9999b93f                          (0.000110011[0011])2     (0.10011[0011])2          -4=1019(3fb)-1023

 其中在内存中使用的little endian的，所以121 的十六进制表示为0x405e4000 00000000

 

 

 

//下面是用来测试自己设置的0.1的测试程序

#include <iostream.h>

typedef unsigned char * byte_pointer;
void print_byte_double(byte_pointer bptr,int size)
{
  int i=0;
  for (;i<size;i++)
  {
   printf("%2x ",bptr[i]);
  }
  printf("/n");
}
void set_double(byte_pointer bptr,int size)
{
 if (size == 4)
 {
  bptr[0] = 0xcc;
  bptr[1] = 0xcc;
  bptr[2] = 0xcc;
  bptr[3] = 0x3d;  
 }
 else if (size == 8)
 {
  bptr[0] = 0x99;
  bptr[1] = 0x99;
  bptr[2] = 0x99;
  bptr[3] = 0x99;
  bptr[4] = 0x99;
  bptr[5] = 0x99;
  bptr[6] = 0xB9;
  bptr[7] = 0x3F; 
 }
 else
  return;
}
int main()
{
 double volatile d = (double)0.1;
 double volatile* dp = &d;

 double volatile dd = d;
 float f = 0;
 set_double((byte_pointer)&f,sizeof(float));
 print_byte_double((byte_pointer)&f,sizeof(float));
 printf("dd is %lf",f); 
 
 set_double((byte_pointer)&dd,sizeof(double));
 print_byte_double((byte_pointer)&dd,sizeof(double));
 printf("dd is %lf",dd);
}