NLTK - 句子分割

本文介绍了如何安装和使用NLTK库进行句子分割操作,详细阐述了NLTK的安装过程和句子分割的基本用法,展示了具体的输出结果。
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NLTK安装:

pip install nltk

nltk组件安装:install.py

import nltk
nltk.download()

在这里插入图片描述

句子分割:

from nltk.tokenize import sent_tokenize


text = '''


He was an old man who fished alone in a skiff in the Gulf Stream and he had gone eighty-four days now without taking a fish. In the first forty days a boy had been with him. But after forty days without a fish the boy's parents had told him that the old man was now definitely and finally _salao_, which is the worst form of unlucky, and the boy had gone at their orders in another boat which caught three good fish the first week. It made the boy sad to see the old man come in each day with his skiff empty and he always went down to help him carry either the coiled lines or the gaff and harpoon and the sail that was furled around the mast. The sail was patched with flour sacks and, furled, it looked like the flag of permanent defeat.
	The old man was thin and gaunt with deep wrinkles in the back of his neck. The brown blotches of the benevolent skin cancer the sun brings from its reflection on the tropic sea were on his cheeks. The blotches ran well down the sides of his face and his hands had the deep-creased scars from handling heavy fish on the cords. But none of these scars were fresh. They were as old as erosions in a fishless desert.
	Everything about him was old except his eyes and they were the same color as the sea and were cheerful and undefeated.
	"Santiago," the boy said to him as they cli
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要使用WordNet和NLTK库来替换语料库中的同义词,可以按照以下步骤进行: 1. 安装NLTK库和WordNet语料库 可以使用pip命令安装NLTK库,如下所示: ``` pip install nltk ``` 然后,下载WordNet语料库,可以在Python交互式环境中输入以下命令: ``` import nltk nltk.download('wordnet') ``` 2. 导入NLTK库和WordNet语料库 ``` import nltk from nltk.corpus import wordnet ``` 3. 获取词语的同义词 可以使用WordNet库中的synsets函数获取词语的同义词,如下所示: ``` synonyms = [] for syn in wordnet.synsets(word): for lemma in syn.lemmas(): synonyms.append(lemma.name()) ``` 其中,word是需要替换的词语。 4. 进行替换 可以根据获取到的同义词列表,随机选择一个同义词进行替换,如下所示: ``` import random def replace_synonyms(sentence): sentence_list = sentence.split() for i in range(len(sentence_list)): word = sentence_list[i] synonyms = [] for syn in wordnet.synsets(word): for lemma in syn.lemmas(): synonyms.append(lemma.name()) if len(synonyms) > 0: rand_synonym = random.choice(synonyms) sentence_list[i] = rand_synonym return ' '.join(sentence_list) ``` 其中,replace_synonyms函数接收一个句子作为参数,返回替换后的句子。该函数首先将句子分割成单词列表,然后对每个单词获取同义词列表,如果存在同义词,则随机选择一个同义词进行替换。最后,将替换后的单词列表重新组合成句子并返回。
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