【Python】使用OpenCV羽化实例边缘并应用到新的背景

将透明背景png转换为灰度图：
 

import cv2
import numpy as np

def convert_png_to_black_and_white(input_path, output_path):
    # 读取PNG图像
    image = cv2.imread(input_path, cv2.IMREAD_UNCHANGED)

    # 提取图像的Alpha通道
    alpha_channel = image[:, :, 3]

    # 将Alpha通道转换为二值图像（黑白图像）
    _, binary_image = cv2.threshold(alpha_channel, 0, 255, cv2.THRESH_BINARY)

    # 创建一个与原始图像大小相同的白色图像
    white_image = 255 * np.ones_like(image[:, :, :3])

    # 将Alpha通道为0的像素设为黑色
    white_image[binary_image == 0] = [0, 0, 0]

    # 保存黑白图像
    cv2.imwrite(output_path, white_image)

input_path = 'snail.png'  # 输入PNG图像的路径
output_path = 'snail_output.png'  # 输出黑白图像的路径
convert_png_to_black_and_white(input_path, output_path)

缩小灰度图尺度：

 

import cv2
import numpy as np

def resize_and_copy_image(input_path, output_path):
    # 读取PNG图像
    image = cv2.imread(input_path, cv2.IMREAD_UNCHANGED)

    # 缩小图像尺寸
    scale = 0.8
    resized_image = cv2.resize(image, None, fx=scale, fy=scale)

    # 创建与原始图像大小相同的黑色背景
    background = np.zeros_like(image)

    # 计算在背景上粘贴图像的起始位置
    start_x = int((background.shape[1] - resized_image.shape[1]) / 2)
    start_y = int((background.shape[0] - resized_image.shape[0]) / 2)

    # 将缩小后的图像复制到背景上
    background[start_y:start_y+resized_image.shape[0], start_x:start_x+resized_image.shape[1]] = resized_image

    # 保存结果图像
    cv2.imwrite(output_path, background)

# 示例用法
input_path = 'snail_output.png'  # 输入PNG图像的路径
output_path = 'snail_output_scale.png'  # 输出结果图像的路径
resize_and_copy_image(input_path, output_path)

应用到新背景：

 

import cv2

mask = cv2.imread('snail_output_scale.png')
mask = cv2.resize(mask, (300,300), interpolation = cv2.INTER_AREA)
mask = cv2.GaussianBlur(mask, (35, 35), 0)
mask = mask / 255                          # 除以 255，計算每個像素的黑白色彩在 255 中所佔的比例

img = cv2.imread('snail.png')                # 開啟圖片
img = cv2.resize(img, (300,300), interpolation = cv2.INTER_AREA)
img = img / 255                            # 除以 255，計算每個像素的色彩在 255 中所佔的比例


bg = cv2.imread('bkg.jpg')                # 開啟圖片
bg = cv2.resize(bg, (300,300), interpolation = cv2.INTER_AREA)
bg = bg / 255                              # 除以 255，計算每個像素的色彩在 255 中所佔的比例

out  = bg * (1 - mask) + img * mask        # 根據比例混合
out = (out * 255).astype('uint8')          # 乘以 255 之後轉換成整數

cv2.imwrite('snail_blurred.png',out)

 参考：[1]