Seeed Wio Terminal 多传感器环境监测站：实时数据采集与显示

最新推荐文章于 2025-06-07 23:46:19 发布

ericlin170

最新推荐文章于 2025-06-07 23:46:19 发布

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文章标签： c++

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/ericlin170/article/details/147306876

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项目概述和目标

本项目利用 Seeed Studio 的 Wio Terminal 开发板，结合 Grove 传感器模块，构建一个多传感器环境监测站，用于实时采集和显示环境数据。项目面向电子初学者、创客和教育工作者，目标是展示 Wio Terminal 的多功能性，帮助用户快速上手 Seeed 生态系统，同时提供一个可扩展的环境监测解决方案。

为什么做这个项目？

实际需求：环境监测在农业、教育和家庭场景中有广泛应用，例如监测空气质量、气体浓度、光照和噪音水平，帮助用户了解周围环境状况。
学习价值：通过本项目，初学者可以学习 Wio Terminal 的硬件连接、Arduino 编程基础，以及如何使用多种传感器。
Seeed 产品展示：展示 Wio Terminal 和 Grove 模块的易用性和强大功能，体现 Seeed 在创客生态中的优势。

项目功能

实时采集以下数据： 空气质量：使用 Grove - Air Quality Sensor v1.3 检测环境空气质量。
- 气体浓度：使用 Grove - Gas Sensor (MQ2) 检测可燃气体（如 LPG、甲烷）。
- 光照强度：使用 Wio Terminal 内置光传感器。
- 声音强度：使用 Wio Terminal 内置麦克风。
在 Wio Terminal 的屏幕上交替显示两个界面： 界面 1：空气质量和 MQ2 气体的数值、状态和建议。
- 界面 2：光照和声音的数值、状态和建议。
每个界面显示 10 秒，自动切换，持续循环。

材料清单与环境设置

硬件需求

Wio Terminal：Seeed Studio 开发板，带屏幕和内置传感器（加速度、光照、麦克风）。

Grove - Air Quality Sensor v1.3：用于检测空气质量，连接到 A0/A1 端口。

Grove - Gas Sensor (MQ2)：用于检测气体浓度，连接到 A2 端口

USB-C 数据线：用于供电和上传代码。

电脑：用于编写和上传代码。

软件需求

Arduino IDE：
Wio Terminal 板卡支持包：通过 Arduino IDE 的板卡管理器安装。
库文件：

#define MQ2_PIN A1 // MQ2 Gas Sensor

#define LIGHT_PIN WIO_LIGHT // Built-in Light Sensor

#define MIC_PIN WIO_MIC // Built-in Microphone

#include <TFT_eSPI.h> // Wio Terminal LCD library

#include <Air_Quality_Sensor.h> // Air Quality Sensor library

环境设置

安装 Arduino IDE：下载并安装 Arduino IDE（Software | Arduino）。
1. 启动 Arduino IDE。
添加 Wio Terminal 板卡支持：打开 Arduino IDE，进入 File > Preferences。
1. 在 Additional Boards Manager URLs 中添加以下链接： text

Copy

https://files.seeedstudio.com/arduino/package_seeeduino_boards_index.json

1. 进入 Tools > Board > Boards Manager，搜索 Seeeduino SAMD，安装最新版本。
安装库：进入 Tools > Manage Libraries。
1. 搜索 LIS3DHTR，安装 Grove-3-Axis-Digital-Accelerometer-2g-to-16g-LIS3DHTR 库。
2. TFT_eSPI 库随板卡支持包自动安装。
硬件连接：使用 Grove 连接线将 Grove - Air Quality Sensor v1.3 连接到 Wio Terminal 的 A0/A1 端口。
1. 使用 Grove 连接线将 Grove - Gas Sensor (MQ2) 连接到 Wio Terminal 的 A2 端口。
2. 用 USB-C 数据线连接 Wio Terminal 和电脑。

连接示意图：

运行代码，测试结果截图：

应用示例和扩展思路

实际应用场景

家庭环境监测：放置在客厅或卧室，实时监测空气质量和气体浓度，提醒用户通风。
教育实验：用于学校课堂，教学生如何使用传感器和 Arduino 编程。
工业安全：部署在工厂，检测气体泄漏，触发报警。

扩展思路

联网功能：使用 Wio Terminal 的 Wi-Fi 功能，将数据上传到云端（如 ThingSpeak）。
1. 扩展代码示例： cpp

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#include <WiFiNINA.h>

char ssid[] = "your-SSID";

char pass[] = "your-password";

WiFiClient client;

void connectWiFi() {

while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {

WiFi.begin(ssid, pass);

delay(5000);

}

数据存储：使用 microSD 卡模块存储历史数据。
远程控制：通过红外发射器（WIO_IR）控制家电，例如在空气质量超标时自动打开风扇。
声音提醒：超标时播放不同音调的报警声： cpp

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void playAlarm(int frequency, int duration) {

tone(WIO_BUZZER, frequency, duration);

delay(duration);

}

参考资源

Wio Terminal 官方文档：Get Started with Wio Terminal | Seeed Studio Wiki
Grove - Air Quality Sensor v1.3 文档：Grove - Air Quality Sensor v1.3 | Seeed Studio Wiki
Grove - Gas Sensor (MQ2) 文档：Grove - Gas Sensor(MQ2) | Seeed Studio Wiki
LIS3DHTR 库文档：https://github.com/Seeed-Studio/Seeed_LIS3DHTR
Arduino 官方教程：https://www.arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/HomePage

参考代码：

以下是完整的 Arduino 代码，用于采集传感器数据并在屏幕上显示：

cpp

#include <TFT_eSPI.h> // Wio Terminal LCD library

#include <Air_Quality_Sensor.h> // Air Quality Sensor library

// Initialize TFT display

TFT_eSPI tft = TFT_eSPI();

// Initialize Air Quality Sensor on A0

AirQualitySensor airSensor(A0);

// Pin definitions

#define MQ2_PIN A1 // MQ2 Gas Sensor

#define LIGHT_PIN WIO_LIGHT // Built-in Light Sensor

#define MIC_PIN WIO_MIC // Built-in Microphone

// Display mode

enum DisplayMode { AIR_GAS, LIGHT_SOUND };

DisplayMode currentMode = AIR_GAS;

// Setup

void setup() {

Serial.begin(9600);

while (!Serial);

// Initialize sensor pins

pinMode(LIGHT_PIN, INPUT);

pinMode(MIC_PIN, INPUT);

pinMode(MQ2_PIN, INPUT);

// Initialize TFT display

tft.begin();

tft.setRotation(3); // Landscape mode

tft.fillScreen(TFT_BLACK);

tft.setTextSize(1); // Smallest font size for compact display

// Initialize Air Quality Sensor

Serial.println("Initializing Air Quality Sensor...");

tft.setTextColor(TFT_ORANGE, TFT_BLACK);

tft.drawString("Initializing...", 10, 10);

delay(20000); // Wait for sensor stabilization

if (airSensor.init()) {

Serial.println("Air Quality Sensor ready.");

tft.fillScreen(TFT_BLACK);

tft.drawString("Air Quality: OK", 10, 10);

} else {

Serial.println("Air Quality Sensor error!");

tft.fillScreen(TFT_BLACK);

tft.drawString("Air Quality: Error", 10, 10);

while (1);

}

// Initialize MQ2 Gas Sensor

Serial.println("MQ2 Gas Sensor ready.");

tft.drawString("MQ2 Gas: OK", 10, 20);

delay(1000);

// Initialize Light and Sound Sensors

Serial.println("Light and Sound Sensors ready.");

tft.drawString("Light & Sound: OK", 10, 30);

delay(1000);

// Clear screen for data display

tft.fillScreen(TFT_BLACK);

}

// Main loop

void loop() {

// Display current mode

if (currentMode == AIR_GAS) {

displayAirGas();

} else {

displayLightSound();

}

// Wait for 10 seconds

delay(10000);

// Switch to next mode

currentMode = (currentMode == AIR_GAS) ? LIGHT_SOUND : AIR_GAS;

}

// Display Air Quality and MQ2 Gas

void displayAirGas() {

// Clear screen

tft.fillScreen(TFT_BLACK);

// Draw decorative border and separator

tft.drawRect(5, 5, 310, 230, TFT_CYAN);

tft.drawFastHLine(10, 115, 300, TFT_CYAN);

// Air Quality

int airQuality = airSensor.slope();

int airValue = airSensor.getValue();

String airStatus, airAdvice;

uint16_t statusColor;

if (airQuality == AirQualitySensor::FORCE_SIGNAL) {

airStatus = "Critical Pollution";

airAdvice = "Ventilate immediately!";

statusColor = TFT_RED;

Serial.println("Critical pollution! Force signal active.");

} else if (airQuality == AirQualitySensor::HIGH_POLLUTION) {

airStatus = "High Pollution";

airAdvice = "Ventilate now!";

statusColor = TFT_RED;

Serial.println("High pollution!");

} else if (airQuality == AirQualitySensor::LOW_POLLUTION) {

airStatus = "Moderate Pollution";

airAdvice = "Consider ventilation.";

statusColor = TFT_YELLOW;

Serial.println("Moderate pollution!");

} else {

airStatus = "Fresh Air";

airAdvice = "Air quality is good.";

statusColor = TFT_GREEN;

Serial.println("Fresh air.");

}

// MQ2 Gas

int mq2Value = analogRead(MQ2_PIN);

float mq2Voltage = (mq2Value / 1023.0) * 5.0;

String mq2Status, mq2Advice;

uint16_t mq2Color;

if (mq2Value > 1000) {

mq2Status = "Dangerous";

mq2Advice = "Evacuate and check for leaks!";

mq2Color = TFT_RED;

} else if (mq2Value > 700) {

mq2Status = "High";

mq2Advice = "Possible gas leak!";

mq2Color = TFT_RED;

} else if (mq2Value > 300) {

mq2Status = "Moderate";

mq2Advice = "Check environment.";

mq2Color = TFT_YELLOW;

} else if (mq2Value > 100) {

mq2Status = "Low";

mq2Advice = "Monitor periodically.";

mq2Color = TFT_GREEN;

} else {

mq2Status = "Normal";

mq2Advice = "Gas level normal.";

mq2Color = TFT_GREEN;

}

// Display data

int yPos = 10;

// Air Quality

tft.setTextColor(TFT_ORANGE, TFT_BLACK);

tft.drawString("Air Quality", 10, yPos);

tft.setTextColor(TFT_WHITE, TFT_BLACK);

tft.drawString("Data: " + String(airValue) + " units", 10, yPos + 15);

tft.setTextColor(statusColor, TFT_BLACK);

tft.drawString("Status: " + airStatus, 10, yPos + 30);

tft.setTextColor(TFT_WHITE, TFT_BLACK);

tft.drawString("Advice: " + airAdvice, 10, yPos + 45);

// MQ2 Gas

yPos += 65;

tft.setTextColor(TFT_ORANGE, TFT_BLACK);

tft.drawString("MQ2 Gas", 10, yPos);

tft.setTextColor(TFT_WHITE, TFT_BLACK);

tft.drawString("Data: " + String(mq2Value) + ", " + String(mq2Voltage, 2) + "V", 10, yPos + 15);

tft.setTextColor(mq2Color, TFT_BLACK);

tft.drawString("Status: " + mq2Status, 10, yPos + 30);

tft.setTextColor(TFT_WHITE, TFT_BLACK);

tft.drawString("Advice: " + mq2Advice, 10, yPos + 45);

// Serial output

Serial.print("Air Quality Value: ");

Serial.println(airValue);

Serial.print("MQ2 Value: ");

Serial.println(mq2Value);

Serial.print("MQ2 Voltage: ");

Serial.println(mq2Voltage);

Serial.println();

}

// Display Light and Sound

void displayLightSound() {

// Clear screen

tft.fillScreen(TFT_BLACK);

// Draw decorative border and separator

tft.drawRect(5, 5, 310, 230, TFT_CYAN);

tft.drawFastHLine(10, 115, 300, TFT_CYAN);

// Light

int lightValue = analogRead(LIGHT_PIN);

String lightStatus, lightAdvice;

uint16_t lightColor;

if (lightValue < 100) {

lightStatus = "Very Dark";

lightAdvice = "Add strong lighting.";

lightColor = TFT_RED;

} else if (lightValue < 200) {

lightStatus = "Low Light";

lightAdvice = "Increase lighting.";

lightColor = TFT_YELLOW;

} else if (lightValue < 600) {

lightStatus = "Moderate Light";

lightAdvice = "Lighting is normal.";

lightColor = TFT_GREEN;

} else if (lightValue < 1000) {

lightStatus = "Bright Light";

lightAdvice = "Lighting is sufficient.";

lightColor = TFT_GREEN;

} else {

lightStatus = "Very Bright";

lightAdvice = "Reduce lighting.";

lightColor = TFT_YELLOW;

}

// Sound

long soundSum = 0;

const int samples = 50;

for (int i = 0; i < samples; i++) {

soundSum += analogRead(MIC_PIN);

delay(5);

}

int soundValue = soundSum / samples;

String soundStatus, soundAdvice;

uint16_t soundColor;

if (soundValue < 50) {

soundStatus = "Very Quiet";

soundAdvice = "Environment is calm.";

soundColor = TFT_GREEN;

} else if (soundValue < 100) {

soundStatus = "Quiet";

soundAdvice = "Sound level is good.";

soundColor = TFT_GREEN;

} else if (soundValue < 300) {

soundStatus = "Moderate Sound";

soundAdvice = "Sound level is normal.";

soundColor = TFT_GREEN;

} else if (soundValue < 500) {

soundStatus = "Loud";

soundAdvice = "Consider reducing noise.";

soundColor = TFT_YELLOW;

} else {

soundStatus = "Noisy";

soundAdvice = "Reduce noise immediately.";

soundColor = TFT_RED;

}

// Display data

int yPos = 10;

// Light

tft.setTextColor(TFT_ORANGE, TFT_BLACK);

tft.drawString("Light", 10, yPos);

tft.setTextColor(TFT_WHITE, TFT_BLACK);

tft.drawString("Data: " + String(lightValue) + " units", 10, yPos + 15);

tft.setTextColor(lightColor, TFT_BLACK);

tft.drawString("Status: " + lightStatus, 10, yPos + 30);

tft.setTextColor(TFT_WHITE, TFT_BLACK);

tft.drawString("Advice: " + lightAdvice, 10, yPos + 45);

// Sound

yPos += 65;

tft.setTextColor(TFT_ORANGE, TFT_BLACK);

tft.drawString("Sound", 10, yPos);

tft.setTextColor(TFT_WHITE, TFT_BLACK);

tft.drawString("Data: " + String(soundValue) + " units", 10, yPos + 15);

tft.setTextColor(soundColor, TFT_BLACK);

tft.drawString("Status: " + soundStatus, 10, yPos + 30);

tft.setTextColor(TFT_WHITE, TFT_BLACK);

tft.drawString("Advice: " + soundAdvice, 10, yPos + 45);

// Serial output

Serial.print("Light Value: ");

Serial.println(lightValue);

Serial.print("Sound Value: ");

Serial.println(soundValue);

Serial.println();

}