php入门第三天

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-12 17:07:15 发布

erlanp

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-12 17:07:15 发布

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三元运算和if语句。

我先道歉，我最近才发现我用的wamp不是我说的那一版，我安装wamp的时候没删老版的，而且安装在了原目录。现在发现新版的默认配置是如果变量未赋初值，就会报错。虽然变量未赋初值改配置文件就可以，这样写起来也方便，但据我的经验，这样做，好处比坏处少。

现在在下面的二段代码中加入了这两句，就不会报错了。

isset($_POST['user_id']) ? '' : $_POST['user_id'] = '';

isset($_POST['user_name']) ? '' : $_POST['user_name'] = '';

下面的例子有sql注入漏洞。另外，如果输入内容中含有双引号，也会破坏表单。

这个是三元运算的例子，注意下面的html代码中有php代码。

<?php

isset($_POST['user_id']) OR $_POST['user_id'] = FALSE;

isset($_POST['user_name']) OR $_POST['user_name'] = FALSE;

$sql_where = ($_POST['user_id'] != '' ? " and b='{$_POST['user_id']}'" : '') .

($_POST['user_name'] != '' ? " and b='${_POST['user_name']}'" : '');

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">

<html>

<head>

</head>

<body>

<?php echo ($sql_where !== '' ? ' where ' . substr($sql_where, 4) : ''); ?>

<br/>

<input type="text" name="user_name" id="user_name" value="<?php echo $_POST['user_name']; ?>" maxlength="100" size="50" style="width:50%" />

</form>

</body>

</html>

用if语句要麻烦一些。

<?php

$sql_where = '';

isset($_POST['user_id']) OR $_POST['user_id'] = FALSE;

isset($_POST['user_name']) OR $_POST['user_name'] = FALSE;

if ($_POST['user_id'] != '')

{

$sql_where .= " and b='{$_POST['user_id']}'";

}

if ($_POST['user_name'] != '')

{

$sql_where .= " and b='${_POST['user_name']}'";

}

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">

<html>

<head>

</head>

<body>

<?php if ($sql_where !== ''){ echo ' where ' . substr($sql_where, 4); } ?>

<br/>

<input type="text" name="user_name" id="user_name" value="<?php echo $_POST['user_name']; ?>" maxlength="100" size="50" style="width:50%" />

</form>

</body>

</html>

但是，很多时候用if或switch语句更好，还可以用数组的键值代替（参见《代码大全》这本书）。而用三元运算符很多时候会让代码不合规范，不易理解。(在php5.4之前,三元运算符相比if语句，效率较低，5.4之后就差不多了，详见这篇博客 http://www.laruence.com/2011/11/04/2258.html）

<?php

/* phpnet dot 20 dot dpnsubs at xoxy dot net (01-Nov-2007 10:13) */

$a = 2;

echo ($a === 1 ? 'one' :

($a === 2 ? 'two' :

($a === 3 ? 'three' :

($a === 4 ? 'four' : 'other'))));

echo '<br/>';

//很像lisp的if语句

/* ;lisp

(setq b 3)

(print (if (equal b 1)

"one"

(if (equal b 2)

"two"

(if (equal b 3)

"three")))) */

$b = 3;

if ($b === 1)

{

echo 'one';

}

elseif ($b === 2)

{

echo 'two';

}

else if ($b === 3)

{

echo 'three';

}

echo '<br/>';

$c = 1;

switch ($c)

{

case 1:

echo 'one';

break;

case 2:

echo 'two';

break;

}

echo '<br/>';

/* ;lisp

(setq c 2)

(cond ((equal c 1) (print "one"))

((equal c 2) (print "two"))

((equal c 3) (print "three")))

$d = 3;

$e = '1';

$arr_num = array (

1 => 'one',

'2' => 'two',

'3' => 'three',

'11' => 'four',

'nil'

);

echo $arr_num[$d] , '-' , $arr_num[$e] , '-' , $arr_num[12];

echo '<br/>';

//很明显，用数组，条件和方法更好分离。

/* ;lisp

(setf a 3)

(setf trans '((1 . "one")

(2 . "two")

(3 . "three")

(3 . "three2")))

(print (cdr (assoc 'a trans))) */

基于数组对if语句的重构。

用if时。

<?php

$table = 'test_order';

if ($table === 'test_order' OR

$table === 'test_client' OR

$table === 'test_area')

{

echo $table;

}

else

{

die('err');

}

用数组代替多个OR时。

<?php

$table = 'test_order';

$arr = array(

'test_order' => '',

'test_area' => '',

'test_client' => '',);

if (isset($arr[$table]))

{

echo $table;

}

else

{

die('err');

}

很明显用数组代码更少，更重要的是，数据可以作为值来传递，而在php中，代码是不能作为数据结构来传递的。当然，有时候用数组会损失一点点效率，但不是系统瓶颈的话，是不值得去优化的——过早优化之所以不好，是因为很多时候优化约等于 “写死”，也就失去了灵活性。

基于switch和函数对if语句的重构。

<?php

$inkai_pattern = '3';

$dly_summary = 123;

$dly_sum_nyukai = 55;

$dly_nyu_keskin2 = 1;

$dly_nyu_keskin3 = 2;

$dly_nyu_keskin4 = 4;

$dly_nyu_keskin5 = 8;

$dly_nyu_keskin6 = 16;

$dly_dpe_urikin = 13;

$dly_bup_urikin = 14;

//重构前的代码——先辈的代码变量都是些日语拼音，不过我们单位多数的表都是日语拼音命名的。

if ($inkai_pattern == "1")

{

$dly_nyu_genkin = $dly_summary - ($dly_nyu_keskin2 + $dly_nyu_keskin3 + $dly_nyu_keskin4 + $dly_nyu_keskin5 + $dly_nyu_keskin6);

$dly_tenant_kin = 0;

}

elseif ($inkai_pattern == "2")

{

$dly_nyu_genkin = 0;

$dly_tenant_kin = $dly_summary - ($dly_nyu_keskin2 + $dly_nyu_keskin3 + $dly_nyu_keskin4 + $dly_nyu_keskin5 + $dly_nyu_keskin6);

}

elseif ($inkai_pattern == "3")

{

$dly_nyu_genkin = $dly_sum_nyukai + $dly_dpe_urikin + $dly_bup_urikin;

$dly_tenant_kin = $dly_summary - $dly_nyu_genkin - ($dly_nyu_keskin2 + $dly_nyu_keskin3 + $dly_nyu_keskin4 + $dly_nyu_keskin5 + $dly_nyu_keskin6);

}

elseif ($inkai_pattern == "4")

{

$dly_nyu_genkin = $dly_sum_nyukai + $dly_bup_urikin;

$dly_tenant_kin = $dly_summary - $dly_nyu_genkin - ($dly_nyu_keskin2 + $dly_nyu_keskin3 + $dly_nyu_keskin4 + $dly_nyu_keskin5 + $dly_nyu_keskin6);

}

elseif ($inkai_pattern == "5")

{

$dly_nyu_genkin = $dly_sum_nyukai;

$dly_tenant_kin = $dly_summary - $dly_nyu_genkin - ($dly_nyu_keskin2 + $dly_nyu_keskin3 + $dly_nyu_keskin4 + $dly_nyu_keskin5 + $dly_nyu_keskin6);

}

elseif ($inkai_pattern == "6")

{

$dly_nyu_genkin = $dly_sum_nyukai;

$dly_tenant_kin = $dly_summary - $dly_nyu_genkin - ($dly_nyu_keskin2 + $dly_nyu_keskin3 + $dly_nyu_keskin4 + $dly_nyu_keskin5 + $dly_nyu_keskin6);

}

var_dump($dly_nyu_genkin, $dly_tenant_kin);

// 重构后的代码

list($dly_nyu_genkin, $dly_tenant_kin) = get_cash_deposit($inkai_pattern, array(

'all_summary' => $dly_summary,

'all_sum_nyukai' => $dly_sum_nyukai,

'bup_urikin' => $dly_dpe_urikin,

'dpe_urikin' => $dly_bup_urikin,

'nyu_keskin2' => $dly_nyu_keskin2,

'nyu_keskin3' => $dly_nyu_keskin3,

'nyu_keskin4' => $dly_nyu_keskin4,

'nyu_keskin5' => $dly_nyu_keskin5,

'nyu_keskin6' => $dly_nyu_keskin6,

));

var_dump($dly_nyu_genkin, $dly_tenant_kin);

function get_cash_deposit($inkai_pattern, $data)

{

//对未定义的值设定默认值, 如果必须有值，则不应设默认值。

$data = array_merge(

array(

'bup_urikin' => 0,

'dpe_urikin' => 0,

), $data

);

$data['_pattern'] = (int) $inkai_pattern;

{// 很旧的项目配置register_globals = on ，不可以用extract,所以以后做新项目一定要把这个关了。实际上下面的写法很傻，可以用很简单的写法代替extract函数。

/* $all_summary = $data['all_summary'];
$all_sum_nyukai = $data['all_sum_nyukai'];
$bup_urikin = $data['bup_urikin'];
$dpe_urikin = $data['dpe_urikin'];
$nyu_keskin2 = $data['nyu_keskin2'];
$nyu_keskin3 = $data['nyu_keskin3'];
$nyu_keskin4 = $data['nyu_keskin4'];
$nyu_keskin5 = $data['nyu_keskin5'];
$nyu_keskin6 = $data['nyu_keskin6'];
$_pattern = $data['_pattern']; */

//觉得自己傻了，实际上可以用一个循环代替extract

foreach ($data as $key=>$val)

{
${$key} = $val;
}

}

$sum_nyu_keskin = $nyu_keskin2 + $nyu_keskin3 + $nyu_keskin4 + $nyu_keskin5 + $nyu_keskin6;

$nik_data = 0;

$tenant_kin = 0;

switch ($_pattern)

{

case 1:

$nik_data = $all_summary - $sum_nyu_keskin;

$tenant_kin = 0;