【学习笔记】scala之循环控制

1 while循环

1.1 while

语法

while (布尔表达式) {
	statement
}

1.2 do…while

语法

do {
	statement
} while (布尔表达式)

1.3 while循环实例

package com.summer.bigdata.scala.basic

object WhileApp {
  def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
    //while循环
    var a = 1
    while (a < 5) {
      println(a)
      a = a + 1
    }
    
    //do...while循环
    var b = 1
    do {
      println(b)
      b = b + 1
    } while(b < 1)
  }
}
/*输出结果
1
2
3
4
1
 */

2 for循环

2.1 常见for循环

package com.summer.bigdata.scala.basic

object ForApp {
  def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {

    //for <- 迭代拆分
    for (ele <- "summer") {
      println(ele)
    }
    /*输出结果
    s
    u
    m
    m
    e
    r
     */
    //for <- 1 to 5 前闭后闭区间[1,5]
    for (i <- 1 to 5) {
      println(i)
    }
    /*输出结果
    1
    2
    3
    4
    5
     */

    //for <- 1 until 5 前闭后开区间[1,5)
    for (i <- 1 until 5) {
      println(i)
    }
    /*输出结果
    1
    2
    3
    4
     */
  }
}

2.2 for循环步长和倒序

package com.summer.bigdata.scala.basic

object ForApp {
  def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
  
    //for循环步长
    for (i <- 1 to 10 by 2) {
      println(i)
    }
    /*输出结果
    1
    3
    5
    7
    9
     */
    //for循环倒序：负数步长
    for (i <- 5 to 1 by -1) {
      println(i)
    }
    /*输出结果
    5
    4
    3
    2
    1
     */

    //for循环倒序：reverse
    for (i <- 1.to(5).reverse) {
      println(i)
    }
    /*输出结果
    5
    4
    3
    2
    1
     */
  }
}

2.3 for循环守卫

package com.summer.bigdata.scala.basic

object ForApp {
  def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {

    //for循环守卫
    for (i <- 1 to 10 if i % 2 == 0) {
      println(i)
    }
    /*输出结果
    2
    4
    6
    8
    10
     */
  }
}

2.4 打印九九乘法表

package com.summer.bigdata.scala.basic

object ForApp {
  def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {

    //嵌套循环打印九九乘法表
    for (i <- 1 to 9) {
      for (j <- 1 to i) {
        print(s"$i * $j = ${i * j}\t")
        if (i == j) println()
      }
    }
    /*输出结果
    1 * 1 = 1
    2 * 1 = 2	2 * 2 = 4
    3 * 1 = 3	3 * 2 = 6	3 * 3 = 9
    4 * 1 = 4	4 * 2 = 8	4 * 3 = 12	4 * 4 = 16
    5 * 1 = 5	5 * 2 = 10	5 * 3 = 15	5 * 4 = 20	5 * 5 = 25
    6 * 1 = 6	6 * 2 = 12	6 * 3 = 18	6 * 4 = 24	6 * 5 = 30	6 * 6 = 36
    7 * 1 = 7	7 * 2 = 14	7 * 3 = 21	7 * 4 = 28	7 * 5 = 35	7 * 6 = 42	7 * 7 = 49
    8 * 1 = 8	8 * 2 = 16	8 * 3 = 24	8 * 4 = 32	8 * 5 = 40	8 * 6 = 48	8 * 7 = 56	8 * 8 = 64
    9 * 1 = 9	9 * 2 = 18	9 * 3 = 27	9 * 4 = 36	9 * 5 = 45	9 * 6 = 54	9 * 7 = 63	9 * 8 = 72	9 * 9 = 81
     */

    //双循环打印99乘法表
    for(i <- 1 to 9;j <- 1 to i) {
      print(s"$i * $j = ${i * j}\t")
      if (i == j) println()
    }
    /*输出结果
    1 * 1 = 1
    2 * 1 = 2	2 * 2 = 4
    3 * 1 = 3	3 * 2 = 6	3 * 3 = 9
    4 * 1 = 4	4 * 2 = 8	4 * 3 = 12	4 * 4 = 16
    5 * 1 = 5	5 * 2 = 10	5 * 3 = 15	5 * 4 = 20	5 * 5 = 25
    6 * 1 = 6	6 * 2 = 12	6 * 3 = 18	6 * 4 = 24	6 * 5 = 30	6 * 6 = 36
    7 * 1 = 7	7 * 2 = 14	7 * 3 = 21	7 * 4 = 28	7 * 5 = 35	7 * 6 = 42	7 * 7 = 49
    8 * 1 = 8	8 * 2 = 16	8 * 3 = 24	8 * 4 = 32	8 * 5 = 40	8 * 6 = 48	8 * 7 = 56	8 * 8 = 64
    9 * 1 = 9	9 * 2 = 18	9 * 3 = 27	9 * 4 = 36	9 * 5 = 45	9 * 6 = 54	9 * 7 = 63	9 * 8 = 72	9 * 9 = 81
     */
  }
}

2.5 yield

package com.summer.bigdata.scala.basic

object ForApp {
  def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {

    //for循环yieled
    val s = for (ele <- "summer") yield ele.toString.toUpperCase + ele
    println(s.mkString(""))
    /*输出结果
    SsUuMmMmEeRr
     */

    //for循环yield
    val i2 = for (i <- 1 to 10) yield i * 2
    println(i2)
    /*输出结果
    Vector(2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20)
     */

  }
}

2.6 break

package com.summer.bigdata.scala.basic
//引入Breaks
import scala.util.control.Breaks.{break,breakable}

object ForApp {
  def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
  
    //break的使用,确认是否是质数
    val a = 10
    var flag = true
    breakable(
      for (i <- 2 to a / 2) {
        if (a % i == 0) {
          println(s"$a 被 $i 整除，不是质数")
          flag = false
          break
        }
      }
    )
    println(flag)
    /*
    10 被 2 整除，不是质数
    false
     */
  }
}