ubuntu配置jdk

常规方法 (推荐)

没网络但是有jdk.bin时,有网络时请忽略前5步

1.cd /usr
2.在usr目录下建立java安装目录
sudo mkdir java
3.将jdk-6u24-linux-i586.bin拷贝到java目录下
sudo cp /实际目录/jdk-6u24-linux-i586.bin /usr/java
4.安装jdk
sudo ./jdk-6u24-linux-i586.bin
5.安装完毕为他建立一个链接以节省目录长度
sudo ln -s /usr/java/jdk1.6.0_24/ /usr/jdk

有网络时,可不用以上步骤

直接sudo apt-get install sun-java6-jdk

之后需要设置默认的java程序
sudo update-alternatives --config java
按照提示输入对应的选项，指定为JDK 6

下面设置
sudo vim /etc/environment

在其中添加如下两行：
CLASSPATH=/usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun/lib
JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun
如果其中已经设置了CLASSPATH和JAVA_HOME，则将其修改为上面的形式，按ZZ保存退出。

6.编辑配置文件
sudo vim /etc/profile
添加如下内容：
JAVA_HOME=/usr/jdk
CLASSPATH=$JAVA_HOME/lib/
PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
export PATH JAVA_HOME CLASSPATH
8.重启机器
sudo shutdown -r now
9.查看安装情况
java -version

java version "1.6.0_24"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.6.0_24-b07)
Java HotSpot(TM) Client VM (build 19.1-b02, mixed mode, sharing)

懒方法

1.从官网下载jdk7,安装到usr/lib/jvm，没有jvm文件夹可以创建一个 sudo mkdir jvm

2.配置jdk

sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/java" "java" "/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0/bin/java" 1
sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/javac" "javac" "/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0/bin/javac" 1
sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/javaws" "javaws" "/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0/bin/javaws" 1

3.测试

因为只有这一个jdk,所以不用配置

java -version
javac -version

显示出版本号则表示成功了。

参照文档如下：

Install the JDK

• Download he 32bit or 64bit Linux "compressed binary file" - it has a ".tar.gz" file extension i.e. "[java-version]-i586.tar.gz" for 32bit and "[java-version]-x64.tar.gz" for 64bit

• Uncompress it

  tar -xvf jdk-7u2-linux-i586.tar.gz (32bit)

  tar -xvf jdk-7u2-linux-x64.tar.gz (64bit)

JDK 7 package is extracted into ./jdk1.7.0_02 directory.- Now move the JDK 7 directory to/usr/lib

sudo mv ./jdk1.7.0_02 /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0

• Now run

sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/java" "java" "/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0/bin/java" 1
sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/javac" "javac" "/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0/bin/javac" 1
sudo update-alternatives --install "/usr/bin/javaws" "javaws" "/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0/bin/javaws" 1

• Run

sudo update-alternatives --config java

You will see output similar one below - choose the number of jdk1.7.0 - for example3 in this list:

$sudo update-alternatives –config java
There are 3 choices for the alternative java (providing /usr/bin/java).

Selection Path Priority Status
————————————————————
* 0 /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-openjdk/jre/bin/java 1061 auto mode
1 /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-openjdk/jre/bin/java 1061 manual mode
2 /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun/jre/bin/java 63 manual mode
3 /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0/jre/bin/java 3 manual mode

Press enter to keep the current choice[*], or type selection number: 3
update-alternatives: using /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0/jre/bin/java to provide /usr/bin/java (java) in manual mode.

Check the version of you new JDK 7 installation:

java -version

java version “1.7.0”
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.7.0-b147)
Java HotSpot(TM) Client VM (build 21.0-b17, mixed mode) 

Repeat the above for:

sudo update-alternatives --config javac
sudo update-alternatives --config javaws

Enable mozilla firefox plugin:

32 bit:
ln -s /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0/jre/lib/i386/libnpjp2.so ~/.mozilla/plugins/

64 bit:
ln -s /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.7.0/jre/lib/amd64/libnpjp2.so ~/.mozilla/plugins/