重学java-9.初步认识this关键字
初步认识this关键字
调用本类属性
举个例子:
class Emp {
private int id;
private String name;
private double sal;
private String dept;
//最常用的就是用this代表本类属性,比如this.id=id就方法中的参数id给类中的参数id赋值
public Emp(int id, String name, double sal, String dept) {
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.sal = sal;
this.dept = dept;
}
}
调用本类普通方法
举个例子:
class Emp {
private int id;
private String name;
private double sal;
private String dept;
public Emp(int id, String name, double sal, String dept) {
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.sal = sal;
this.dept = dept;
this.getInfo();//调用本类方法
}
public String getInfo() {
return "id: "+ id +" name: "+ name + " sal: " + sal + " dept: " + dept;
}
}
调用构造方法
举个例子,把有4个参数的所有构造方法写出来。
class Emp {
private int id;
private String name;
private double sal;
private String dept;
public Emp() {
this(0,"nobody",0.0,"none");
};
public Emp(int id) {
this(id,"nobody",0.0,"none");
}
public Emp(int id, String name) {
this(id,name,0.0,"none");
}
public Emp(int id, String name, double sal) {
this(id,name,sal,"none");
}
//前三个构造方法都调用第四个构造方法,节省了许多的重复代码
public Emp(int id, String name, double sal, String dept) {
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.sal = sal;
this.dept = dept;
this.getInfo();
}
public String getInfo() {
return "id: "+ id +" name: "+ name + " sal: " + sal + " dept: " + dept;
}
}
注意: 用this调用本类方法的时候,一定要注意保留出口
,否则会无限递归。
表示当前对象
举个例子:
class Emp {
private int id;
private String name;
private double sal;
private String dept;
public Emp getInfo() {
return this;//返回的是对象
}
}
测试代码:
public static void main(String[] args) {
Emp empa = new Emp();
Emp empb = new Emp();
System.out.println(empa + " " + empa.getInfo());
System.out.println(empb + " " + empb.getInfo());
}
输出结果:
可以看出,this所指的内存与调用该方法的对象实体保持一致。
再举个个对象之间比较的例子。
class Emp {
private int id;
private String name;
private double sal;
private String dept;
public Emp(int id, String name, double sal, String dept) {
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.sal = sal;
this.dept = dept;
}
//比较的方法
public boolean compare(Emp emp) {
if(emp == null) return false;
if(emp == this) return true;
if(emp.id == this.id && emp.name.equals(this.name) && emp.sal == this.sal && emp.dept.equals(this.dept)) {
return true;
}
return false;
}
}