java中集合的输出是通过迭代器进行输出,即Iterator接口
迭代器就是为了遍历集合而产生的
Iterator接口两个核心方法:
boolean hasNext():判断是否还有元素
E next():取得下一个元素
一、集合的输出方法
1、迭代输出(Iterator)——只能从前向后输出
调用Collection集合子类的Iterator方法取得内置的迭代器,使用以下格式输出
while(iterator.hasNext()){
System.Out.println(iterator.next());
}
class Test{
public static void main(String[] args) {
List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
//使用Collections工具类提供的addAll方法进行多个元素的添加
Collections.addAll(list,"A","B","C","D","E");
Iterator i = list.iterator();
while (i.hasNext()){
System.out.println(i.next());
}
}
}
2、双向迭代接口ListIterator --- List接口提供,Set不支持
除了hasNext和next方法外
增加了hasPrevious():判断是否有上一个元素
previous():取得上一个元素
注:要想使用从后向前遍历,首先至少要从前向后遍历一次
class Test{
public static void main(String[] args) {
List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
Collections.addAll(list,"A","B","C","D","E");
ListIterator listIterator = list.listIterator();
while (listIterator.hasNext()){
System.out.print(listIterator.next()+",");
}
System.out.println("\n*************************");
while (listIterator.hasPrevious()){
System.out.print(listIterator.previous()+",");
}
}
}
输出
3、枚举输出Enumeration (JDK1.0) ——只有Vector类支持
hasMoreElements():判断是否有下一个元素
nextElements():取得下一个元素
class Test{
public static void main(String[] args) {
List<String> vector = new Vector<>();
Collections.addAll(vector,"A","B","C","D","E");
Enumeration enumeration = ((Vector<String>) vector).elements();
while (enumeration.hasMoreElements()){
System.out.print(enumeration.nextElement() + ",");
}
}
}
4、for-each输出(所有子类都满足)
能使用foreach输出的本质在于各个集合类都内置了迭代器
class Test{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Set<String> set = new HashSet<>();
Collections.addAll(set,"A","B","C","D","E");
for (String s :
set) {
System.out.print(s+",");
}
}
}