【POJ 3468】 A Simple Problem with Integers

【题目链接】

           点击打开链接

【算法】

           本题用线段树很容易写，但是，笔者为了练习树状数组，就用树状数组的方法做了一遍

           我们不妨引入差分数组c，

           则sum(n) = c[1] + (c[1] + c[2]) + (c[1] + c[2] + c[3]) + ... + (c[1] + c[2] + c[3] + ... + c[n])

                           = n * c[1] + (n - 1) * c[2] + (n - 2) * c[3] + ... + c[n]

                           = n * (c[1] + c[2] + c[3] + ... + c[n]) - c[2] - c[3] * 2 - c[4] * 3 - ... - c[n] * (n - 1)

          所以可以用两个树状数组分别维护c的前缀和和c[i]*(i-1)的前缀和

【代码】

           

#include <algorithm>
#include <bitset>
#include <cctype>
#include <cerrno>
#include <clocale>
#include <cmath>
#include <complex>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cstring>
#include <ctime>
#include <deque>
#include <exception>
#include <fstream>
#include <functional>
#include <limits>
#include <list>
#include <map>
#include <iomanip>
#include <ios>
#include <iosfwd>
#include <iostream>
#include <istream>
#include <ostream>
#include <queue>
#include <set>
#include <sstream>
#include <stdexcept>
#include <streambuf>
#include <string>
#include <utility>
#include <vector>
#include <cwchar>
#include <cwctype>
#include <stack>
#include <limits.h>
using namespace std;
#define MAXN 100000

long long N,Q,tr,tl,i,l,r,x;
long long a[MAXN+10];
char opt;

template <typename T> inline void read(T &x) {
	long long f = 1; x = 0;
	char c = getchar();
	for (; !isdigit(c); c = getchar()) { if (c == '-') f = -f; }
	for (; isdigit(c); c = getchar()) x = (x << 3) + (x << 1) + c - '0';
	x *= f;	
}
template <typename T> inline void write(T x) {
	if (x < 0) { x = -x; putchar('-'); }
	if (x > 9) write(x/10);
	putchar(x%10+'0');	
}
template <typename T> inline void writeln(T x) {
	write(x);
	puts("");	
} 

struct BinaryIndexedTree {
		long long bit[MAXN+10];
		inline long long lowbit(long long x) { return x & -x; }
		inline void clear() {
				long long i;
				for (i = 1; i <= N; i++) bit[i] = 0;
		}
		inline void modify(long long pos,long long val) {
				long long i;
				for (i = pos; i <= N; i += lowbit(i)) bit[i] += val;
		}
		inline long long query(long long pos) {
				long long i,ret = 0;
				for (i = pos; i; i -= lowbit(i)) ret += bit[i];
				return ret;
		} 
} c1,c2;

int main() {
	
		read(N); read(Q);
		for (i = 1; i <= N; i++) {
				read(a[i]);
				c1.modify(i,a[i]);
				c1.modify(i+1,-a[i]);
				c2.modify(i,(i-1)*a[i]);
				c2.modify(i+1,-i*a[i]);	
		}
		while (Q--) {
				opt = getchar();
				if (opt == 'C') {
						read(l); read(r); read(x);
						c1.modify(l,x);
						c1.modify(r+1,-x);
						c2.modify(l,(l-1)*x);
						c2.modify(r+1,-x*r);
				} else {
						read(l); read(r);
						tl = c1.query(l-1) * (l - 1) - c2.query(l-1);
						tr = c1.query(r) * r - c2.query(r);
						writeln(tr-tl); 
				}	
		}
		
		return 0;
}
/*
   c[1] + (c[1] + c[2]) + (c[1] + c[2] + c[3]) + ... + (c[1] + c[2] + c[3] + c[4] + ... + c[n])
   = c[1] * n + c[2] * (n - 1) + c[3] * (n - 2) + ... + c[n]
   = (c[1] + c[2] + c[3] + ... + c[n]) * n - c[2] - c[3] * 2 - c[4] * 3 - ... - c[n] * (n - 1)
   = sigma(c1,n) * n - sigma(c2,n)
*/