linux下usb camera图像采集（V4l2）

head.h

1. #include <stdio.h>
   
2. #include <stdlib.h>
   
3. #include <string.h>
   
4. #include <fcntl.h> /* low-level i/o */
   
5. #include <unistd.h>
   
6. #include <errno.h>
   
7. #include <malloc.h>
   
8. #include <sys/stat.h>
   
9. #include <sys/types.h>
   
10. #include <sys/time.h>
    
11. #include <sys/mman.h>
    
12. #include <sys/ioctl.h>
    
13. #include <linux/videodev2.h>
    
14. #define DEVICE "/dev/video"
    
15. static struct v4l2_requestbuffers req;
    
16. struct buffer
    
17. {
    
18.     void* start;
    
19.     unsigned int length;
    
20. }; 
    
21. static struct buffer *buffers;
    
22. static struct v4l2_buffer buf;

usb_camera.c

1. #include "head.h"
   
2. int main()
   
3. {
   
4.     int fd;
   
5.     fd=open_device();
   
6.     get_device_info(fd);
   
7.     get_frame_fmt(fd);
   
8.     get_current_frame_info(fd);
   
9.     try_format_support(fd);
   
10.     set_frame_format(fd);
    
11.     apply_memory_buf(fd);
    
12.     memory_mapping(fd);
    
13.     buffer_enqueue(fd);
    
14.     close(fd);
    
15.     return 0;
    
16. }
    
17. int open_device()
    
18. {
    
19.     int fd;
    
20.     if(-1==(fd=open(DEVICE,O_RDWR)))
    
21.         printf("info:Can't open video device\n");
    
22.     else
    
23.         printf("info:Open the device :%d\n",fd);
    
24.     return fd;
    
25. }
    
26. int get_device_info(int fd)
    
27. {
    
28.     struct v4l2_capability cap;
    
29.     if(-1==ioctl(fd,VIDIOC_QUERYCAP,&cap))
    
30.         printf("info:VIDIOC_QUERYCAP ERROR\n");
    
31.     else
    
32.         printf("info:Driver Name:%s....Card Name:%s....Bus info:%s....Driver Version:%u.%u.%u\n",
    
33.         cap.driver,cap.card,cap.bus_info,(cap.version>>16)&0XFF,(cap.version>>8)&0XFF,cap.version&0XFF);
    
34.     return 1;
    
35. }
    
36. int get_frame_fmt(int fd)
    
37. {
    
38.     struct v4l2_fmtdesc fmtdesc;
    
39.     fmtdesc.index=0;
    
40.     fmtdesc.type=V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
    
41.     printf("info:Support format:");
    
42.     while(ioctl(fd,VIDIOC_ENUM_FMT,&fmtdesc)!=-1)
    
43.     {
    
44.         printf("\t%d.%s",fmtdesc.index+1,fmtdesc.description);
    
45.         fmtdesc.index++;
    
46.     }
    
47.     printf("\n");
    
48.     return 1;
    
49. }
    
50. int get_current_frame_info(int fd)
    
51. {
    
52.     struct v4l2_format fmt;
    
53.     fmt.type=V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
    
54.     ioctl(fd,VIDIOC_G_FMT,&fmt);
    
55.     printf("info:Current data format information:\n\twidth:%d\n\theight:%d\n",fmt.fmt.pix.width,fmt.fmt.pix.height);
    
56.     struct v4l2_fmtdesc fmtdesc;
    
57.     fmtdesc.index=0;
    
58.     fmtdesc.type=V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
    
59.     while(ioctl(fd,VIDIOC_ENUM_FMT,&fmtdesc)!=-1)
    
60.     {
    
61.         if(fmtdesc.pixelformat & fmt.fmt.pix.pixelformat)
    
62.         {
    
63.             printf("\tformat:%s\n",fmtdesc.description);
    
64.             break;
    
65.         }
    
66.         fmtdesc.index++;
    
67.     } 
    
68.     return 1;
    
69. }
    
70. int try_format_support(int fd)
    
71. {
    
72.     struct v4l2_format fmt;
    
73.     fmt.type=V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
    
74.     //fmt.fmt.pix.pixelformat=V4L2_PIX_FMT_RGB32;
    
75.     fmt.fmt.pix.pixelformat=V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV;
    
76.     if(ioctl(fd,VIDIOC_TRY_FMT,&fmt)==-1)
    
77.     if(errno==EINVAL)
    
78.     printf("info:not support format RGB32!\n"); 
    
79.     return 1;
    
80. }
    
81. int set_frame_format(int fd)
    
82. {
    
83.     struct v4l2_format fmt;
    
84.     fmt.type=V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
    
85.     fmt.fmt.pix.width=640;
    
86.     fmt.fmt.pix.height=480;
    
87.     fmt.fmt.pix.pixelformat = V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV;
    
88.     fmt.fmt.pix.field = V4L2_FIELD_INTERLACED; 
    
89.     if(ioctl(fd,VIDIOC_S_FMT,&fmt)==-1)
    
90.     if(errno==EINVAL)
    
91.     printf("info:set frame format error!\n");
    
92.     return 1;
    
93. }
    
94. int apply_memory_buf(int fd)
    
95. {
    
96.     //struct v4l2_requestbuffers req;
    
97.     req.count=4;
    
98.     req.type=V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
    
99.     req.memory=V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP;
    
100.     if(-1==ioctl(fd,VIDIOC_REQBUFS,&req))
     
101.         printf("info:VIDIOC_REQBUFS FAILED\n");
     
102.     else
     
103.         printf("info:VIDIOC_REQBUFS SUCCESS\n");
     
104.     return 1;
     
105. }
     
106. int memory_mapping(int fd)
     
107. {
     
108.     unsigned int n_buffers;
     
109.     buffers = (struct buffer*)calloc(req.count,sizeof(struct buffer));
     
110.     if (!buffers) {
     
111.         fprintf (stderr, "Out of memory\n");
     
112.         exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
     
113.     }
     
114.     // 映射
     
115.     for (n_buffers = 0; n_buffers < req.count; ++n_buffers) {
     
116.         //struct v4l2_buffer buf;
     
117.         memset(&buf,0,sizeof(buf));
     
118.         buf.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
     
119.         buf.memory = V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP;
     
120.         buf.index = n_buffers;
     
121.         // 查询序号为n_buffers 的缓冲区，得到其起始物理地址和大小
     
122.         if (-1 == ioctl (fd, VIDIOC_QUERYBUF, &buf))
     
123.             exit(-1);
     
124.         buffers[n_buffers].length = buf.length;
     
125.         // 映射内存
     
126.         buffers[n_buffers].start =mmap (NULL,buf.length,PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,MAP_SHARED,fd, buf.m.offset);
     
127.         if (MAP_FAILED == buffers[n_buffers].start)
     
128.             exit(-1);
     
129.     } 
     
130.     printf("info:memory mapping success\n");
     
131.     return 1;
     
132. }
     
133. int buffer_enqueue(int fd)
     
134. {
     
135.     unsigned int i;
     
136.     enum v4l2_buf_type type;
     
137.     // 将缓冲帧放入队列
     
138.     for (i = 0; i < 4; ++i)
     
139.     {
     
140.         struct v4l2_buffer buf;
     
141.         buf.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
     
142.         buf.memory = V4L2_MEMORY_MMAP;
     
143.         buf.index = i;
     
144.         if(-1==ioctl (fd, VIDIOC_QBUF, &buf))
     
145.             printf("buffer enqueue failed\n");
     
146.     }
     
147.     type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VIDEO_CAPTURE;
     
148.     //open stream 
     
149.     if(-1==ioctl (fd, VIDIOC_STREAMON, &type))
     
150.         printf("info:open stream failed\n");
     
151.     else
     
152.         printf("info:open stream success\n");
     
153.     return 1;
     
154. }