java 静态代码块和spring @value注解注入执行顺序

java static 静态代码块是最先执行的，然后再是spring 相关注入。静态代码块先加载，项目启动就会报错。

我们怎么给静态变量注入，并在静态代码中使用呢？

• 参数配置：application.properties

sc.crm.upDirPath=

• 注入：spring boot 的任意组件都能使用，这里声明了一个简单组件 @Component,该注解通常用来定义一些需要配置的常量或者用于注入的工具类，而不用手动去 new 了

• @Component
  public class CrmProperties {
  
      @Value("${sc.crm.upDirPath}")
      private String uploadPath;
  
      public String getUploadPath() {
          return uploadPath;
      }
  
      public void setUploadPath(String uploadPath) {
          this.uploadPath = uploadPath;
      }
  
  }

   

• 使用：直接注入

• @Service
  public class CustomerServiceImpl implements CustomerService {
  
      @Autowired
      private CrmProperties crmProperties;
  
      //也可以定义为属性/字段直接使用
      @Value("${sc.crm.upDirPath}")
      private String uploadPath;
      
  }
  

• 静态注入：

• 4.1. 实现 spring 的一个获取上下文的工具类

  import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
  import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
  import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextAware;
  import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
  
  /**
   * Spring工具类,获取Spring上下文对象等
   */
  @Component
  public class SpringContextUtil implements ApplicationContextAware {
      private static ApplicationContext applicationContext = null;
  
      @Override
      public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext applicationContext) throws BeansException {
          if(SpringContextUtil.applicationContext == null){
              SpringContextUtil.applicationContext  = applicationContext;
          }
      }
  
      public static ApplicationContext getApplicationContext() {
          return applicationContext;
      }
  
      public static Object getBean(String name){
          return getApplicationContext().getBean(name);
      }
  
      public static <T> T getBean(Class<T> clazz){
          return getApplicationContext().getBean(clazz);
      }
  
      public static <T> T getBean(String name,Class<T> clazz){
          return getApplicationContext().getBean(name, clazz);
      }
  }
  

  4.2. 静态注入：

  public final class UpDownLoadUtil {
  
      private static String uploadPath ;
      //通过静态代码块，给变量赋值
      static{
          CrmProperties crmProperties = SpringContextUtil.getBean(CrmProperties.class);
          uploadPath = crmProperties.getUploadPath();
      }
      
      //将构造方法私有化,所有静态工具只能通过静态调用
      private UpDownLoadUtil(){
          throw new AssertionError();
      }
      
      public static void testUtil(){
          systom.out.println(uploadPath);
      }
      
  }
  

  到这里，就可以在静态方法中正常使用该配置常量了

  =============== 分割线 ===============

  ==注意：典型错误示例,这样写虽然不会报错，但是根据类的加载机制，这里不能正确的获取到想要的参数，最后输出只有null，切记==

  //错误的使用方法
  @Value("${sc.gp.url.db}")
  private static String url_DB;
  @PostMapping("/rest1")
  public static void test1() {
      String s = url_DB;
      System.out.println(s);
  }