535. Encode and Decode TinyURL

Note: This is a companion problem to the  System Design problem:  Design TinyURL.

TinyURL is a URL shortening service where you enter a URL such as https://leetcode.com/problems/design-tinyurl and it returns a short URL such as http://tinyurl.com/4e9iAk.

Design the encode and decode methods for the TinyURL service. There is no restriction on how your encode/decode algorithm should work. You just need to ensure that a URL can be encoded to a tiny URL and the tiny URL can be decoded to the original URL.

程序如下所示：

public class Codec {

    private Map<Integer, String> map = new HashMap<>();
    private int index = 0;
    // Encodes a URL to a shortened URL.
    public String encode(String longUrl) {
        String prefix = "http://tinyurl.com/";
        map.put(++index, longUrl);
        return prefix + index;
    }

    // Decodes a shortened URL to its original URL.
    public String decode(String shortUrl) {
        int left = shortUrl.lastIndexOf("/");
        return map.get(Integer.parseInt(shortUrl.substring(left+1, shortUrl.length())));
    }
}

// Your Codec object will be instantiated and called as such:
// Codec codec = new Codec();
// codec.decode(codec.encode(url));