大数高精度加减乘除的模板
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
inline int compare(string str1, string str2)
{
if(str1.size() > str2.size()) //长度长的整数大于长度小的整数
return 1;
else if(str1.size() < str2.size())
return -1;
else
return str1.compare(str2); //若长度相等,从头到尾按位比较,compare函数:相等返回0,大于返回1,小于返回-1
}
//高精度加法
string ADD_INT(string str1, string str2)
{
string MINUS_INT(string str1, string str2);
int sign = 1; //sign 为符号位
string str;
if(str1[0] == '-')
{
if(str2[0] == '-')
{
sign = -1;
str = ADD_INT(str1.erase(0, 1), str2.erase(0, 1));
}
else
{
str = MINUS_INT(str2, str1.erase(0, 1));
}
}
else
{
if(str2[0] == '-')
str = MINUS_INT(str1, str2.erase(0, 1));
else
{
//把两个整数对齐,短整数前面加0补齐
string::size_type l1, l2;
int i;
l1 = str1.size();
l2 = str2.size();
if(l1 < l2)
{
for(i = 1; i <= l2 - l1; i++)
str1 = "0" + str1;
}
else
{
for(i = 1; i <= l1 - l2; i++)
str2 = "0" + str2;
}
int int1 = 0, int2 = 0; //int2 记录进位
for(i = str1.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--)
{
int1 = (int(str1[i]) - 48 + int(str2[i]) - 48 + int2) % 10; //48 为 '0' 的ASCII 码
int2 = (int(str1[i]) - 48 + int(str2[i]) - 48 +int2) / 10;
str = char(int1 + 48) + str;
}
if(int2 != 0) str = char(int2 + 48) + str;
}
}
//运算后处理符号位
if((sign == -1) && (str[0] != '0'))
str = "-" + str;
return str;
}
//高精度减法
string MINUS_INT(string str1, string str2)
{
string MULTIPLY_INT(string str1, string str2);
int sign = 1; //sign 为符号位
string str;
if(str2[0] == '-')
str = ADD_INT(str1, str2.erase(0, 1));
else
{
int res = compare(str1, str2);
if(res == 0) return "0";
if(res < 0)
{
sign = -1;
string temp = str1;
str1 = str2;
str2 = temp;
}
string::size_type tempint;
tempint = str1.size() - str2.size();
for(int i = str2.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--)
{
if(str1[i + tempint] < str2[i])
{
str1[i + tempint - 1] = char(int(str1[i + tempint - 1]) - 1);
str = char(str1[i + tempint] - str2[i] + 58) + str;
}
else
str = char(str1[i + tempint] - str2[i] + 48) + str;
}
for(int i = tempint - 1; i >= 0; i--)
str = str1[i] + str;
}
//去除结果中多余的前导0
str.erase(0, str.find_first_not_of('0'));
if(str.empty()) str = "0";
if((sign == -1) && (str[0] != '0'))
str = "-" + str;
return str;
}
//高精度乘法
string MULTIPLY_INT(string str1, string str2)
{
int sign = 1; //sign 为符号位
string str;
if(str1[0] == '-')
{
sign *= -1;
str1 = str1.erase(0, 1);
}
if(str2[0] == '-')
{
sign *= -1;
str2 = str2.erase(0, 1);
}
int i, j;
string::size_type l1, l2;
l1 = str1.size();
l2 = str2.size();
for(i = l2 - 1; i >= 0; i --) //实现手工乘法
{
string tempstr;
int int1 = 0, int2 = 0, int3 = int(str2[i]) - 48;
if(int3 != 0)
{
for(j = 1; j <= (int)(l2 - 1 - i); j++)
tempstr = "0" + tempstr;
for(j = l1 - 1; j >= 0; j--)
{
int1 = (int3 * (int(str1[j]) - 48) + int2) % 10;
int2 = (int3 * (int(str1[j]) - 48) + int2) / 10;
tempstr = char(int1 + 48) + tempstr;
}
if(int2 != 0) tempstr = char(int2 + 48) + tempstr;
}
str = ADD_INT(str, tempstr);
}
//去除结果中的前导0
str.erase(0, str.find_first_not_of('0'));
if(str.empty()) str = "0";
if((sign == -1) && (str[0] != '0'))
str = "-" + str;
return str;
}
//高精度除法
string DIVIDE_INT(string str1, string str2, int flag)
{
//flag = 1时,返回商; flag = 0时,返回余数
string quotient, residue; //定义商和余数
int sign1 = 1, sign2 = 1;
if(str2 == "0") //判断除数是否为0
{
quotient = "ERROR!";
residue = "ERROR!";
if(flag == 1) return quotient;
else return residue;
}
if(str1 == "0") //判断被除数是否为0
{
quotient = "0";
residue = "0";
}
if(str1[0] == '-')
{
str1 = str1.erase(0, 1);
sign1 *= -1;
sign2 = -1;
}
if(str2[0] == '-')
{
str2 = str2.erase(0, 1);
sign1 *= -1;
}
int res = compare(str1, str2);
if(res < 0)
{
quotient = "0";
residue = str1;
}
else if(res == 0)
{
quotient = "1";
residue = "0";
}
else
{
string::size_type l1, l2;
l1 = str1.size();
l2 = str2.size();
string tempstr;
tempstr.append(str1, 0, l2 - 1);
//模拟手工除法
for(int i = l2 - 1; i < l1; i++)
{
tempstr = tempstr + str1[i];
for(char ch = '9'; ch >= '0'; ch --) //试商
{
string str;
str = str + ch;
if(compare(MULTIPLY_INT(str2, str), tempstr) <= 0)
{
quotient = quotient + ch;
tempstr = MINUS_INT(tempstr, MULTIPLY_INT(str2, str));
break;
}
}
}
residue = tempstr;
}
//去除结果中的前导0
quotient.erase(0, quotient.find_first_not_of('0'));
if(quotient.empty()) quotient = "0";
if((sign1 == -1) && (quotient[0] != '0'))
quotient = "-" + quotient;
if((sign2 == -1) && (residue[0] != '0'))
residue = "-" + residue;
if(flag == 1) return quotient;
else return residue;
}
//高精度除法,返回商
string DIV_INT(string str1, string str2)
{
return DIVIDE_INT(str1, str2, 1);
}
//高精度除法,返回余数
string MOD_INT(string str1, string str2)
{
return DIVIDE_INT(str1, str2, 0);
}
int main()
{
char ch;
string s1, s2, res;
while(cin >> ch)
{
cin >> s1 >> s2;
switch(ch)
{
case '+':
res = ADD_INT(s1, s2);
break; //高精度加法
case '-':
res = MINUS_INT(s1, s2);
break; //高精度减法
case '*':
res = MULTIPLY_INT(s1, s2);
break; //高精度乘法
case '/':
res = DIV_INT(s1, s2);
break; //高精度除法, 返回商
case 'm':
res = MOD_INT(s1, s2);
break; //高精度除法, 返回余数
default :
break;
}
cout << res << endl;
}
return(0);
}
转自:传送门