C++编程思想 第1卷 第3章 运算符及其使用 数学运算符

基本的数学运算符 + - / * %
整数相除会截取整数部分
浮点数不能使用取模运算符

C和C++可以用简化的符号同时执行操作和赋值

//: C03:Mathops.cpp
// From Thinking in C++, 2nd Edition
// Available at http://www.BruceEckel.com
// (c) Bruce Eckel 2000
// Copyright notice in Copyright.txt
// Mathematical operators
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

// A macro to display a string and a value.
#define PRINT(STR, VAR) \
  cout << STR " = " << VAR << endl

int main() {
  int i, j, k;
  float u, v, w;  // Applies to doubles, too
  cout << "enter an integer: ";
  cin >> j;
  cout << "enter another integer: ";
  cin >> k;
  PRINT("j",j);  PRINT("k",k);
  i = j + k; PRINT("j + k",i);
  i = j - k; PRINT("j - k",i);
  i = k / j; PRINT("k / j",i);
  i = k * j; PRINT("k * j",i);
  i = k % j; PRINT("k % j",i);
  // The following only works with integers:
  j %= k; PRINT("j %= k", j);
  cout << "Enter a floating-point number: ";
  cin >> v;
  cout << "Enter another floating-point number:";
  cin >> w;
  PRINT("v",v); PRINT("w",w);
  u = v + w; PRINT("v + w", u);
  u = v - w; PRINT("v - w", u);
  u = v * w; PRINT("v * w", u);
  u = v / w; PRINT("v / w", u);
  // The following works for ints, chars, 
  // and doubles too:
  PRINT("u", u); PRINT("v", v);
  u += v; PRINT("u += v", u);
  u -= v; PRINT("u -= v", u);
  u *= v; PRINT("u *= v", u);
  u /= v; PRINT("u /= v", u);
  fflush(stdin);
  getchar();
} ///:~

输出
enter an integer: 3
enter another integer: 5
j = 3
k = 5
j + k = 8
j - k = -2
k / j = 1
k * j = 15
k % j = 2
j %= k = 3
Enter a floating-point number: 3.0
Enter another floating-point number:5.0
v = 3
w = 5
v + w = 8
v - w = -2
v * w = 15
v / w = 0.6
u = 0.6
v = 3
u += v = 3.6
u -= v = 0.6
u *= v = 1.8
u /= v = 0.6