C++编程思想 第2卷 第7章 通用容器 概述 从STL容器继承

在程序设计中
创建一个vector类型的成员对象
还是采用继承的方式派生出一个类似的对象
一般情况下
面向对象设计更倾向于使用组合而不是继承

//: C07:FileEditor.h
// From "Thinking in C++, Volume 2", by Bruce Eckel & Chuck Allison.
// (c) 1995-2004 MindView, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
// See source code use permissions stated in the file 'License.txt',
// distributed with the code package available at www.MindView.net.
// A file editor tool.
#ifndef FILEEDITOR_H
#define FILEEDITOR_H
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>

class FileEditor : public std::vector<std::string> {
public:
  void open(const char* filename);
  FileEditor(const char* filename) { open(filename); }
  FileEditor() {};
  void write(std::ostream& out = std::cout);
};
#endif // FILEEDITOR_H ///:~

构造函数打开文件
将其读入到FileEditor
再用成员函数write()将包含string的vector写入任何一个输出流ostream

//: C07:FileEditor.cpp {O}
// From "Thinking in C++, Volume 2", by Bruce Eckel & Chuck Allison.
// (c) 1995-2004 MindView, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
// See source code use permissions stated in the file 'License.txt',
// distributed with the code package available at www.MindView.net.
#include "FileEditor.h"
#include <fstream>
#include "../require.h"
using namespace std;

void FileEditor::open(const char* filename) {
  ifstream in(filename);
  assure(in, filename);
  string line;
  while(getline(in, line))
    push_back(line);
}

// Could also use copy() here:
void FileEditor::write(ostream& out) {
  for(iterator w = begin(); w != end(); w++)
    out << *w << endl;
} ///:~

来自StringVector.cpp的函数在这里仅被重新打包
程序员在开始时创建一个程序来解决某一特殊的应用

//: C07:FEditTest.cpp
// From "Thinking in C++, Volume 2", by Bruce Eckel & Chuck Allison.
// (c) 1995-2004 MindView, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
// See source code use permissions stated in the file 'License.txt',
// distributed with the code package available at www.MindView.net.
//{L} FileEditor
// Test the FileEditor tool.
#include <sstream>
#include "FileEditor.h"
#include "../require.h"
using namespace std;

int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
  FileEditor file;
  if(argc > 1) {
    file.open(argv[1]);
  } else {
    file.open("FEditTest.cpp");
  }
  // Do something to the lines...
  int i = 1;
  FileEditor::iterator w = file.begin();
  while(w != file.end()) {
    ostringstream ss;
    ss << i++;
    *w = ss.str() + ": " + *w;
    ++w;
  }
  // Now send them to cout:
  file.write();
  getchar();
} ///:~

输出 要把 FEditTest.cpp 行目录
1: //: C07:FEditTest.cpp
2: // From "Thinking in C++, Volume 2", by Bruce Eckel & Chuck Allison.
3: // (c) 1995-2004 MindView, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
4: // See source code use permissions stated in the file 'License.txt',
5: // distributed with the code package available at www.MindView.net.
6: //{L} FileEditor
7: // Test the FileEditor tool.
8: #include <sstream>
9: #include "FileEditor.h"
10: #include "../require.h"
11: using namespace std;
12:
13: int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
14:   FileEditor file;
15:   if(argc > 1) {
16:     file.open(argv[1]);
17:   } else {
18:     file.open("FEditTest.cpp");
19:   }
20:   // Do something to the lines...
21:   int i = 1;
22:   FileEditor::iterator w = file.begin();
23:   while(w != file.end()) {
24:     ostringstream ss;
25:     ss << i++;
26:     *w = ss.str() + ": " + *w;
27:     ++w;
28:   }
29:   // Now send them to cout:
30:   file.write();
31:   getchar();
32: } ///:~

用于读取文件的操作都在构造函数中
程序块被包含进来用以对内存中的文件进行修改