C++编程思想第2卷第10章设计模式多重派遣

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/eyetired/article/details/82622827

考虑一个解析和执行数学表达式的系统
在系统中希望使用Number+Number Number*Number等方式表达
其中Number是一族数值对象的基类

//: C10:PaperScissorsRock.cpp
// From "Thinking in C++, Volume 2", by Bruce Eckel & Chuck Allison.
// (c) 1995-2004 MindView, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
// See source code use permissions stated in the file 'License.txt',
// distributed with the code package available at www.MindView.net.
// Demonstration of multiple dispatching.
#include <algorithm>
#include <iostream>
#include <iterator>
#include <vector>
#include <ctime>
#include <cstdlib>
#include "../purge.h"
using namespace std;

class Paper;
class Scissors;
class Rock;

enum Outcome { WIN, LOSE, DRAW };

ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const Outcome out) {
  switch(out) {
    default:
    case WIN: return os << "win";
    case LOSE: return os << "lose";
    case DRAW: return os << "draw";
  }
}

class Item {
public:
  virtual Outcome compete(const Item*) = 0;
  virtual Outcome eval(const Paper*) const = 0;
  virtual Outcome eval(const Scissors*) const= 0;
  virtual Outcome eval(const Rock*) const = 0;
  virtual ostream& print(ostream& os) const = 0;
  virtual ~Item() {}
  friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const Item* it) {
    return it->print(os);
  }
};

class Paper : public Item {
public:
  Outcome compete(const Item* it) { return it->eval(this);}
  Outcome eval(const Paper*) const { return DRAW; }
  Outcome eval(const Scissors*) const { return WIN; }
  Outcome eval(const Rock*) const { return LOSE; }
  ostream& print(ostream& os) const {
    return os << "Paper   ";
  }
};

class Scissors : public Item {
public:
  Outcome compete(const Item* it) { return it->eval(this);}
  Outcome eval(const Paper*) const { return LOSE; }
  Outcome eval(const Scissors*) const { return DRAW; }
  Outcome eval(const Rock*) const { return WIN; }
  ostream& print(ostream& os) const {
    return os << "Scissors";
  }
};

class Rock : public Item {
public:
  Outcome compete(const Item* it) { return it->eval(this);}
  Outcome eval(const Paper*) const { return WIN; }
  Outcome eval(const Scissors*) const { return LOSE; }
  Outcome eval(const Rock*) const { return DRAW; }
  ostream& print(ostream& os) const {
    return os << "Rock    ";
  }
};

struct ItemGen {
  Item* operator()() {
    switch(rand() % 3) {
      default:
      case 0: return new Scissors;
      case 1: return new Paper;
      case 2: return new Rock;
    }
  }
};

struct Compete {
  Outcome operator()(Item* a, Item* b) {
    cout << a << "\t" << b << "\t";
    return a->compete(b);
  }
};

int main() {
  srand(time(0)); // Seed the random number generator
  const int sz = 20;
  vector<Item*> v(sz*2);
  generate(v.begin(), v.end(), ItemGen());
  transform(v.begin(), v.begin() + sz,
    v.begin() + sz,
    ostream_iterator<Outcome>(cout, "\n"),
    Compete());
  purge(v);
  getchar();
} ///:~

输出
Rock Rock draw
Paper Paper draw
Rock Paper lose
Scissors Scissors draw
Scissors Rock lose
Paper Rock win
Scissors Paper win
Scissors Rock lose
Scissors Paper win
Paper Paper draw
Rock Paper lose
Rock Paper lose
Rock Paper lose
Rock Paper lose
Scissors Paper win
Paper Scissors lose
Rock Scissors win
Scissors Scissors draw
Scissors Paper win
Paper Paper draw