黑马程序员——Java IO总结(二)

黑马程序员——Java IO总结(二)

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一、字符流的缓冲区

l  缓冲区的出现提高了对数据的读写效率

l  对应类

  BufferedWriter

  BufferedReader

l  缓冲区要结合流才可以使用。

l  在流的基础上对流的功能进行了增强。

 

l  实例：字符写入流缓冲区实例

import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;

public class BufferedWriterDemo {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		FileWriter writer = new FileWriter("buffer.txt");

		// 为了提高字符写入效率，加入了缓冲技术
		BufferedWriter br = new BufferedWriter(writer);

		br.write("中国");
		br.newLine(); // 插入跨平台的换行符
		br.write("Java技术");

		// 只要用到缓冲区，就要记得刷新
		br.flush();

		// 其实关闭缓冲区，就是关闭缓冲区中的流对象
		br.close();
	}
}

l  实例：字符读取流缓冲区实例

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.IOException;
 
public class BufferedReaderDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        FileReader reader = new FileReader("buffer.txt");
 
        BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(reader);
 
        String line = null;
 
        while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
            System.out.println(line);
        }
       
        br.close();
    }
}

l  实例：通过缓冲区复制文本文件

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
 
public class TextFileCopyBuf {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        BufferedReader br = null;
        BufferedWriter bw = null;
 
        try {
            br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("buffer.txt"));
            bw = new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter("d:\\buffer.txt"));
 
            String line = null;
 
            while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
                bw.write(line);
                bw.newLine();
                bw.flush();
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException("文件读写失败！");
        } finally {
            try {
                if (br != null)
                    br.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                throw new RuntimeException("读取关闭失败!");
            }
            try {
                if (bw != null)
                    bw.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                throw new RuntimeException("写入关闭失败！");
            }
        }
    }
}

l  装饰设计模式

         当想要对已有的对象进行增强时，可以定义类，将已有对象传入，基于已有的功能，并提供加强功能，那么自定义的类称为装饰类。

l  实例：模拟一个带行号的缓冲区对象

import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.Reader;
 
public class MyLineNumberReader {
    private Reader r;
    private int lineNumber;
 
    public MyLineNumberReader(Reader r) {
        super();
        this.r = r;
    }
 
    public int getLineNumber() {
        return lineNumber;
    }
 
    public void setLineNumber(int lineNumber) {
        this.lineNumber = lineNumber;
    }
 
    public String readLine() throws IOException {
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
 
        lineNumber++;
        int ch = 0;
 
        while ((ch = r.read()) != -1) {
            if (ch == '\r')
                continue;
            else if (ch == '\n')
                return sb.toString();
            else
                sb.append((char) ch);
        }
 
        if (sb.length() > 0)
            return sb.toString();
 
        return null;
    }
 
    public void close() throws IOException {
        r.close();
    }
 
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        FileReader r = new FileReader("FileReaderDemo_copy.java");
        MyLineNumberReader lnr = new MyLineNumberReader(r);
 
        String line = null;
 
        lnr.setLineNumber(100);
        while ((line = lnr.readLine()) != null) {
            System.out.println(lnr.getLineNumber() + ": " + line);
        }
 
        lnr.close();
    }
}

二、字节流操作

l  字节流基类：InputStream、OutputStream

l  实例：字节流的读写

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
 
public class FileOutputStreamDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        // writeFile();
        readFile3();
    }
 
    public static void readFile1() throws IOException {
        FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("fos.txt");
 
        int ch = 0;
 
        while ((ch = fis.read()) != -1) {
            System.out.print((char) ch);
        }
 
        fis.close();
    }
 
    public static void readFile2() throws IOException {
        FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("fos.txt");
 
        int len = 0;
        byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
 
        while ((len = fis.read(buf)) != -1) {
            System.out.println(new String(buf, 0, len));
        }
 
        fis.close();
    }
   
    public static void readFile3() throws IOException {
        FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("fos.txt");
       
        byte[] buf=new byte[fis.available()];
       
        fis.read(buf);
        System.out.println(new String(buf));
       
        fis.close();
    }
 
    public static void writeFile() throws IOException {
        FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream("fos.txt");
 
        fos.write("HelloWorld".getBytes());
 
        fos.close();
    }
}

l  实例：复制图片

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
 
// 复制图片
public class CopyPic {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        FileOutputStream fos = null;
        FileInputStream fis = null;
 
        try {
            fis = new FileInputStream("c:\\a.jpg");
            fos = new FileOutputStream("c:\\b.jpg");
 
            byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
            int len = 0;
 
            while ((len = fis.read(buf)) != -1) {
                fos.write(buf, 0, len);
            }
 
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        } finally {
            try {
                if (fis != null)
                    fis.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            try {
                if (fos != null)
                    fos.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}

l  实例：通过缓冲区复制mp3文件

import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
 
public class CopyMp3 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
        copy_1();
        long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
 
        System.out.println(end - start);
    }
 
    // 通过字节流的缓冲区完成复制
    public static void copy_1() throws IOException {
        BufferedInputStream bufis = new BufferedInputStream(
                new FileInputStream("d:/1.mp3"));
        BufferedOutputStream bufos = new BufferedOutputStream(
                new FileOutputStream("d:/1_copy.mp3"));
 
        int b = 0;
 
        while ((b = bufis.read()) != -1) {
            bufos.write(b);
        }
 
        bufis.close();
        bufos.close();
    }  
}

l  实例：读取键盘录入

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
 
public class ReadIn {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        InputStream in = System.in;
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
 
        while (true) {
            int ch = in.read();
            if (ch == '\r')
                continue;
            else if (ch == '\n') {
                String s = sb.toString();
                sb.delete(0, sb.length());
                if ("over".equals(s))
                    break;
                System.out.println(s);
                continue;
            }
            sb.append((char) ch);
        }
    }
}

l  实例：读取键盘录入（使用转换流InputStreamReader）

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
 
public class ReadIn {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        InputStream in = System.in;
 
        BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
 
        String line = null;
 
        while ((line = br.readLine()) != null) {
            if ("over".equals(line)) {
                break;
            }
            System.out.println(line);
        }
    }
}

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