View与Activity之间不可不知的关系

View 和 Activity 一样也是有着自己的生命周期方法，熟知这些生命周期方法对我们日常开发绝对会有不少帮助的(比如我最近遇到的一些自定义 View 的需求)，下面我们通过自定义一个 View 来打印它的全部生命周期方法吧：

public class LifeView extends View {

    private static final String TAG = "LifeView";

    public LifeView(Context context) {
        super(context);
    }

    public LifeView(Context context, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs) {
        super(context, attrs);
    }

    public LifeView(Context context, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
        super(context, attrs, defStyleAttr);
    }

    /**
     * View通过xml文件反射完成完成初始化时的回调
     */
    @Override
    protected void onFinishInflate() {
        super.onFinishInflate();
        Log.e(TAG, "onFinishInflate()");
    }

    /**
     * View关联到窗口(Activity)时的回调
     */
    @Override
    protected void onAttachedToWindow() {
        super.onAttachedToWindow();
        Log.e(TAG, "onAttachedToWindow()");
    }

    /**
     * View所在窗口(Activity)的可见性发生变化时的回调
     */
    @Override
    protected void onWindowVisibilityChanged(int visibility) {
        super.onWindowVisibilityChanged(visibility);
        Log.e(TAG, "onWindowVisibilityChanged() visibility is " + getVisibilityName(visibility));
    }

    /**
     * View的可见性发生变化时的回调
     */
    @Override
    protected void onVisibilityChanged(@NonNull View changedView, int visibility) {
        super.onVisibilityChanged(changedView, visibility);
        Log.e(TAG, "onVisibilityChanged() visibility is " + getVisibilityName(visibility));
    }

    private String getVisibilityName(int visibility) {
        switch (visibility) {
            case View.VISIBLE:
                return "View.VISIBLE";
            case View.INVISIBLE:
                return "View.INVISIBLE";
            case View.GONE:
                return "View.GONE";
            default:
                return "View.VISIBLE";
        }
    }

    /**
     * 测量View时的回调
     */
    @Override
    protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
        super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec, heightMeasureSpec);
        Log.e(TAG, "onMeasure()");
    }

    /**
     * View大小发生改变时的回调
     */
    @Override
    protected void onSizeChanged(int w, int h, int oldw, int oldh) {
        super.onSizeChanged(w, h, oldw, oldh);
        Log.e(TAG, "onSizeChanged() w is " + w + " , h is " + h + ", oldw is " + oldw + " , oldh is " + oldh);
    }

    /**
     * 布局View及其子View布局位置大小时的回调
     */
    @Override
    protected void onLayout(boolean changed, int left, int top, int right, int bottom) {
        super.onLayout(changed, left, top, right, bottom);
        Log.e(TAG, "onLayout() left is " + left + " , top is " + top + ", right is " + right + ", bottom is " + bottom);
    }

    /**
     * 绘制View时的回调
     */
    @Override
    protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
        super.onDraw(canvas);
        Log.e(TAG, "onDraw()");
    }

    /**
     * View获取焦点或者失去焦点时调用
     */
    @Override
    protected void onFocusChanged(boolean focus, int direction, @Nullable Rect previouslyFocusedRect) {
        super.onFocusChanged(focus, direction, previouslyFocusedRect);
        Log.e(TAG, "onFocusChanged() focus is " + focus);
    }

    /**
     * View所在窗口获取焦点或者失去焦点时调用
     */
    @Override
    public void onWindowFocusChanged(boolean windowFocus) {
        super.onWindowFocusChanged(windowFocus);
        Log.e(TAG, "onWindowFocusChanged() windowFocus is " + windowFocus);
    }

    /**
     * View给窗口(Activity)移除时的回调
     */
    @Override
    protected void onDetachedFromWindow() {
        super.onDetachedFromWindow();
        Log.e(TAG, "onDetachedFromWindow()");
    }
}

然后我们在 Activity 中也加上打印：

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private static final String TAG = "LifeView";

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        Log.w(TAG, "onCreate");
    }

    @Override
    protected void onStart() {
        super.onStart();
        Log.w(TAG, "onStart");
    }

    @Override
    protected void onResume() {
        super.onResume();
        Log.w(TAG, "onResume");
    }

    @Override
    protected void onPause() {
        super.onPause();
        Log.w(TAG, "onPause");
    }

    @Override
    protected void onStop() {
        super.onStop();
        Log.w(TAG, "onStop");
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        Log.w(TAG, "onDestroy");
    }
}

ok，我们来看打印的结果吧

Activity 启动时的打印

可以看到，View 的 xml 反射初始化完成后才轮到 Activity 的加载，如果能省去这一步，那么 Activity 将会更快完成加载。

而 View 是从 Activiy 的 onResume 方法之后才开始去进行测量绘制的，这也是为什么前期无法通过 View.getWidth/Height() 获取到宽高的原因

Activity 进入 pause / stop 时的打印

通过 View 的生命周期方法，我们可以清晰看到，当 Activity 进入 onPause 之前，Activity 已经失去了焦点，当进入 onStop 后， Activity 的可见性最终变成了 View.GONE

Activity 销毁时的打印

这个就简单明了，不用多说了

最后，附上 View 和 Activiy 关联的生命周期流程图：