IDEA中用java建库、建表、插入、打印的方法

数据库：mysql

连接方式：jdbc

文件组织结构：

create_db.java：

package jdbc;

import java.sql.*;

public class create_db {

    /**
     * 建立数据库连接，并创建一个新数据库，按照传入的参数 dbName命名
     * @param dbName
     */
    public static void createDB(String dbName) {
        try {
            // 1.注册驱动
            Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        Connection conn = null;
        Statement statement = null;
        try {
            // 2.建立连接并创建数据库

            conn = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/", "root", "root");

            String sql1 = "drop database if exists " + dbName + ";";
            String sql2 = "create database " + dbName + ";";
            statement = conn.createStatement();
            statement.execute(sql1);
            statement.execute(sql2);

        } catch (Exception e) {
            // TODO 自动生成的 catch 块
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                if (statement != null)
                    statement.close();
                if (conn != null)
                    conn.close();
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}

 create_table.java:

package jdbc;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;

public class create_table {

    /**
     * 在 dbName数据库中创建一个名为 tableName的表
     * @param dbName
     * @param tableName
     */
    public static void createTable(String dbName, String tableName) {
        try {
            // 1.注册驱动
            Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");

        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        Connection conn = null;
        Statement statement = null;
        try {
            // 2.建立连接并创建表
            conn = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/", "root", "root");

            statement = conn.createStatement();
            statement.execute("use " + dbName);
            String sql3 = "create table " + tableName + "(id int not null,name varchar(20),sex varchar(4),age int)";
            statement.execute(sql3);

        } catch (Exception e) {
            // TODO 自动生成的 catch 块
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                if (statement != null)
                    statement.close();
                if (conn != null)
                    conn.close();
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}

insert.java:

package jdbc;

import java.sql.*;

public class insert {
    /**
     * 向表里插入数据
     * @param dbName
     * @param tableName
     */
    public static void insertData(String dbName, String tableName) {
        try {
            // 加载驱动
            Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");

        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        Connection conn = null;
        PreparedStatement statement = null;
        try {
            // 连接数据库
            String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/" + dbName + "?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8";
            String user = "root";
            String password = "root";
            conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);

            //插入数据
            String sql = "insert into " + tableName + "(id,name,sex,age) values (1,'张三','男',19),(2,'李四','女',18),(3,'王五','男',20),(4,'莫皓岚','男',21)";
            statement = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
            statement.executeUpdate();

        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        finally {
            try {
                if (statement != null)
                    statement.close();
                if (conn != null)
                    conn.close();
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}

search.java:

package jdbc;

import student.Student;

import java.sql.*;

public class search {
    /**
     * 读取并打印表里所有的内容
     * @param dbName
     * @param tableName
     */
    public static void Seek(String dbName, String tableName) {
        try {
            // 加载驱动
            Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        Connection conn = null;
        PreparedStatement statement = null;
        try {
            // 连接数据库
            String url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/" + dbName + "?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8";
            String user = "root";
            String password = "root";
            conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, password);

            // 读取数据库
            String sql1 = "select * from " + tableName;
            statement = conn.prepareStatement(sql1);
            ResultSet rs = statement.executeQuery(sql1);

            Student student = null;
            while (rs.next()) {
                String id = rs.getString(1);
                String name = rs.getString(2);
                String sex = rs.getString(3);
                int age = rs.getInt(4);
                student = new Student(id, name, sex, age);
                System.out.println(
                        student.getId() + " " + student.getName() + " " + student.getSex() + " " + student.getAge());
            }

        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        finally {
            try {
                if (statement != null)
                    statement.close();
                if (conn != null)
                    conn.close();
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}

Student.java:

package student;

public class Student {
    private String id;
    private String name;
    private String sex;
    private int age;

    public Student(String id, String name, String sex, int age) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.sex = sex;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public Student(String id) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = null;
        this.sex = null;
        this.age = 0;
    }


    public String getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public Student setId(String id) {
        this.id = id;
        return this;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public Student setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
        return this;
    }

    public String getSex() {
        return sex;
    }

    public Student setSex(String sex) {
        this.sex = sex;
        return this;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public Student setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
        return this;
    }
}

test.java:

package test;

import jdbc.create_db;
import jdbc.create_table;
import jdbc.insert;
import jdbc.search;

public class test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        create_db.createDB("test");
        create_table.createTable("test", "student");
        insert.insertData("test", "student");
        search.Seek("test", "student");
    }

}

pom.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>org.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>jdbc_learning</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.6</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>
</project>