1+X 云计算运维与开发（中级）案例实战——使用 KVM 服务创建虚拟机

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前言

学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆

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思路

1.配置yum源
2.检查cpu是否支持虚拟化，安装各个服务
3.启动libvirt
4.做一些准备
5.使用qemu-kvm命令启动虚拟机

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实操

1.配置yum源

代码如下（示例）：

[root@xnode1 ~]# rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/*
[root@xnode1 ~]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/kvm.repo 
[kvm]
name=kvm
baseurl=file:///opt/cdrom
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[root@xnode1 ~]# yum repolist
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
kvm                                                                  | 3.6 kB  00:00:00     
(1/2): kvm/group_gz                                                  | 155 kB  00:00:00     
(2/2): kvm/primary_db                                                | 2.8 MB  00:00:00     
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
repo id                                      repo name                                status
kvm                                          kvm                                      3,723
repolist: 3,723

2.检查cpu是否支持虚拟化，安装各个服务

代码如下（示例）：

[root@xnode1 ~]# egrep 'svm|vmx' /proc/cpuinfo
[root@xnode1 ~]# yum -y install openssl libvirt qemu-kvm

3.启动libvirt

代码如下（示例）：

[root@xnode1 ~]# systemctl start libvirtd

4.做一些准备

代码如下（示例）：

[root@xnode1 ~]# ln -s /usr/libexec/qemu-kvm /usr/bin/qemu-kvm
[root@xnode1 ~]# yum -y install net-tools
[root@xnode1 ~]# chmod +x /root/qemu-ifup-NAT

5.使用qemu-kvm命令启动虚拟机

代码如下（示例）：

[root@xnode1 ~]# qemu-kvm -m 1024 -drive file=/root/cirros-0.3.4-x86_64-disk.img,if=virtio -net nic,model=virtio -net tap,script=/root/qemu-ifup-NAT -nographic -vnc :1

=== network info ===
if-info: lo,up,127.0.0.1,8,::1
if-info: eth0,up,192.168.122.89,24,fe80::5054:ff:fe12:3456
ip-route:default via 192.168.122.1 dev eth0 
ip-route:192.168.122.0/24 dev eth0  src 192.168.122.89 
=== datasource: None None ===
=== cirros: current=0.3.4 uptime=104.07 ===
  ____               ____  ____
 / __/ __ ____ ____ / __ \/ __/
/ /__ / // __// __// /_/ /\ \ 
\___//_//_/  /_/   \____/___/ 
   http://cirros-cloud.net


login as 'cirros' user. default password: 'cubswin:)'. use 'sudo' for root.
cirros login: cirros
Password: 
$ ip add
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue 
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
    link/ether 52:54:00:12:34:56 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.122.89/24 brd 192.168.122.255 scope global eth0
    inet6 fe80::5054:ff:fe12:3456/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
$ route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface
0.0.0.0         192.168.122.1   0.0.0.0         UG    0      0        0 eth0
192.168.122.0   0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 eth0