1+X 云计算运维与开发（中级）案例实战——msyql服务器运维与优化

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前言

学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。

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思路

1.配置yum源
2.安装mysql
3.启动mysql，初始化数据库
4.使用命令在shell界面创建数据库，删除数据库，导入和导出数据库
5.授予root用户权限
6.编辑 my.cnf文件，优化数据库

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实操

1.修改主机名，并配置本地yum源

示例代码如下：

[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname mysql
[root@localhost ~]# logout
[root@mysql ~]# rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/*
[root@mysql ~]# cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo << eof 
> [mysql]
> name=mysql
> baseurl=file:///root/gpmall-single/gpmall-repo
> gpgcheck=0
> enabled=1
> eof
[root@mysql ~]# yum repolist
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, ovl
Determining fastest mirrors
mysql                            | 2.9 kB     00:00     
mysql/primary_db                   | 158 kB   00:00     
repo id                   repo name               status
mysql                     mysql                   191
repolist: 191

/root/gpmall-single/gpmall-repo:这个文件需要自己准备

2.安装mysql服务，启动并且初始化

示例代码如下：

[root@mysql ~]# yum -y install mariadb mariadb-server
[root@mysql ~]# systemctl start mariadb
[root@mysql ~]# mysql_secure_installation

NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB
      SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE!  PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!

In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user.  If you've just installed MariaDB, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.

Enter current password for root (enter for none): 
OK, successfully used password, moving on...

Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MariaDB
root user without the proper authorisation.

Set root password? [Y/n]   #输入y
New password: #密码123456
Re-enter new password: 
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
 ... Success!


By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for
them.  This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother.  You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] #输入y或者直接回车
 ... Success!

Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'.  This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] #输入n
 ... skipping.

By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access.  This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.

Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] #输入y或者直接回车
 - Dropping test database...
 ... Success!
 - Removing privileges on test database...
 ... Success!

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] #输入y或者直接回车
 ... Success!

Cleaning up...

All done!  If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB
installation should now be secure.

Thanks for using MariaDB!

3.使用命令在shell界面创建数据库，删除数据库，导入和导出数据库

示例代码如下：

3.1 使用命令创建test数据库

[root@mysql ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p123456 create test
[root@mysql