SpringBoot中使用了Hibernate-validate校验框架,无需另外引入,SpringBoot的启动器中已经包含了。
SpringBoot表单数据校验步骤:
1 在实体类中添加校验规则
import javax.validation.constraints.NotBlank;
import javax.validation.constraints.NotNull;
public class Users {
@NotBlank
private String name;
@NotBlank
private String password;
@NotNull
private Integer age;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public Integer getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
public Users(String name, String password, Integer age) {
super();
this.name = name;
this.password = password;
this.age = age;
}
public Users() {
super();
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Users [name=" + name + ", password=" + password + ", age=" + age + "]";
}
}
2 在controller中开启校验
/**
* 完成用户添加
* @Valid 开启对Users对象的数据校验
* BindingResult:封装了校验的结果
*/
@RequestMapping("/saveUser")
public String saveUser(@Valid Users users, BindingResult result) {
if(result.hasErrors()) {
return "addUser";
}
return "ok";
}
3 在页面中获取错误信息(addUser.html)
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>添加用户</title>
</head>
<body>
<form th:action="@{/saveUser}" method="post">
用户姓名:<input type="text" name="name"/><font color="red" th:errors="${users.name}"></font><br/><br/>
用户密码:<input type="password" name="password"/><font color="red" th:errors="${users.password}"></font><br/><br/>
用户年龄:<input type="text" name="age"/><font color="red" th:errors="${users.age}"></font><br/><br/>
<input type="submit" value="提交"/>
</form>
</body>
</html>
4 启动运行:有异常?
Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Neither BindingResult nor plain target object for bean name 'users' available as request attribute
at org.springframework.web.servlet.support.BindStatus.<init>(BindStatus.java:153) ~[spring-webmvc-5.1.5.RELEASE.jar:5.1.5.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.web.servlet.support.RequestContext.getBindStatus(RequestContext.java:903) ~[spring-webmvc-5.1.5.RELEASE.jar:5.1.5.RELEASE]
at org.thymeleaf.spring5.context.webmvc.SpringWebMvcThymeleafRequestContext.getBindStatus(SpringWebMvcThymeleafRequestContext.java:227) ~[thymeleaf-spring5-3.0.11.RELEASE.jar:3.0.11.RELEASE]
at org.thymeleaf.spring5.util.FieldUtils.getBindStatusFromParsedExpression(FieldUtils.java:306) ~[thymeleaf-spring5-3.0.11.RELEASE.jar:3.0.11.RELEASE]
at org.thymeleaf.spring5.util.FieldUtils.getBindStatus(FieldUtils.java:258) ~[thymeleaf-spring5-3.0.11.RELEASE.jar:3.0.11.RELEASE]
at org.thymeleaf.spring5.util.FieldUtils.getBindStatus(FieldUtils.java:227) ~[thymeleaf-spring5-3.0.11.RELEASE.jar:3.0.11.RELEASE]
at org.thymeleaf.spring5.processor.SpringErrorsTagProcessor.doProcess(SpringErrorsTagProcessor.java:65) ~[thymeleaf-spring5-3.0.11.RELEASE.jar:3.0.11.RELEASE]
at org.thymeleaf.processor.element.AbstractAttributeTagProcessor.doProcess(AbstractAttributeTagProcessor.java:74) ~[thymeleaf-3.0.11.RELEASE.jar:3.0.11.RELEASE]
... 56 common frames omitted
5 异常处理
5.1 解决方式一(推荐)
在跳转页面的方法中注入一个Users对象,即在controller的addUser方法中添加Users参数,如下:
@RequestMapping("/addUser")
public String addUser(Users users) {
return "addUser";
}
注意:由于Springmvc会将该对象放入到Model中传递。key的名称会使用该对象的驼峰式的命名规则作为key,所以参数的变量名需要与对象的名称相同,将首字母小写
5.2 解决方式二
如果想为传递的对象更改名称,可以使用@ModelAttribute("aa")注解,表示当前传递的对象的key为aa,在页面中获取该对象的key也需要修改为aa,
controller中修改如下:
@RequestMapping("/addUser")
public String addUser(@ModelAttribute("aa") Users users) {
return "addUser";
}
@RequestMapping("/saveUser")
public String saveUser(@ModelAttribute("aa") @Valid Users users, BindingResult result) {
if(result.hasErrors()) {
return "addUser";
}
return "ok";
}
addUser.html页面修改如下:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>添加用户</title>
</head>
<body>
<form th:action="@{/saveUser}" method="post">
用户姓名:<input type="text" name="name"/><font color="red" th:errors="${aa.name}"></font><br/><br/>
用户密码:<input type="password" name="password"/><font color="red" th:errors="${aa.password}"></font><br/><br/>
用户年龄:<input type="text" name="age"/><font color="red" th:errors="${aa.age}"></font><br/><br/>
<input type="submit" value="提交"/>
</form>
</body>
</html>
6 修改默认的验证提示信息
在实体类属性的验证注解中添加message配置,如:
public class Users {
@NotBlank(message="用户名不能为空")
private String name;
@NotBlank(message="密码不能为空")
private String password;
@NotNull
private Integer age;
// 省略其他
}