c++思考

1.运算符重载
[]
=
<<

//重载[]
template <class T>
T & Array<T>::operator[](int index)
{
	return ptr[index];
}

//重载赋值运算符=
template <class T>
Array<T> &  Array<T>::operator = (const Array<T> & obj)
{
	
	
	if(size != obj.getsize()){
		if(ptr != NULL)
		{
			delete [] ptr;
			ptr = NULL;
			size = 0;
		}
	
		size = obj.getsize();
		ptr = new T[size];
	}	
		for(int i=0; i< size; i++){
			ptr[i] = obj[i];
		}
	
	return *this;
}

template <class T> class Array;
template <class T>
ostream & operator << (ostream & out, const Array<T> & obj);



template <class T>
ostream & operator << (ostream & out, const Array<T> & obj)
{
	for(int i=0; i< obj.size; i++){
		out << obj.ptr[i];
		//out << obj[i];
	}
	out << endl;
	return out;
}

2.函数模板的编写和调用

template<typename T1, typename T2>
void test(T1 & a, T2 & b){
	cout<< a<< " "<<b<<endl;

}

   std::string str = "hello";
   int var = 5;
   test<int , std::string >(var,str);

3.抛异常

double division(int a, int b)
{
   if( b == 0 )
   {
     throw "Division by zero condition!";
   }
   return (a/b);
}


int main ()
{
 ...
   
 
   try {
     z = division(x, y);
     cout << z << endl;
   }catch (const char* msg) {
     cerr << msg << endl;
   }
   
...
 
   return 0;
}

 

4.友元函数和类模板

参考1 重载<<      <<运算符不是当前类的重载函数，是系统库 ostream的重载函数。 只能声明成友元函数

类模板实例化  实例化时候是个抽象数据类型，如果是类，还需要类支持 拷贝构造函数 <<

5.智能指针

查询内存泄露方法

https://blog.csdn.net/jcq521045349/article/details/88957222

6. 模板特化

7.可变参数

https://www.cnblogs.com/yongssu/p/4677556.html

//template<typename T1, typename T2>
template<typename T>
void test(T * p){
	//cout<< a<< " "<<b<<endl;
	cout<< p<< " "<<endl;
}
void test(...){
	cout<<  "execute multiargs function  ----------"<<endl;
}
 
int main ()
{
   ...
   
   int * ptr = &var;
   test(ptr);
   test(var);
 
   return 0;
}