获取系统运行进程信息——PSAPI介绍使用 .

网上资料显示，有这么三种方法可以用来获取系统运行进程信息：

方法	平台	备注
PSAPI	Windows NT，Windows2000，Windows XP	获取进程，驱动器，模块，内存和工作集信息
性能计数器	Windows NT，Windows2000，Windows XP	提供除进程清单以外的关于进程的更多信息，可在远程机器上使用。
TOOLHELP32	Windows 9x，Windows2000，Windows XP	获取进程，线程，模块和堆信息

此前使用的Snapshot就是属于TOOLHELP32的（http://blog.csdn.net/betabin/article/details/7478140）。

PSAPI全称为进程状态API，MSDN有介绍http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms684884(v=vs.85).aspx。

该方法，使用过后，感觉与TOOLHELP32的大致相同，也比较简洁方便。但是在获取驱动、内存等方面，由于PSAPI有很多方法支持，相比而言，会更加简单实用。

主要通过EnumProcess函数来获取所有运行进程的ID，然后再分别通过EnumProcessModules、EnumDeviceDrives等函数，获得相应的计数器或者指针信息。

下面就简单贴出MSDN的几段实例（原程序在Win7下无法编译通过，需要添加Psapi.lib库，既是#pragma comment(lib, "Psapi.lib")）。

（四段代码……有点懒了，呵呵）

 

/*
#include <windows.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <tchar.h>
#include <psapi.h>

#pragma comment(lib, "Psapi.lib")
// To ensure correct resolution of symbols, add Psapi.lib to TARGETLIBS
// and compile with -DPSAPI_VERSION=1

void PrintProcessNameAndID( DWORD processID )
{
	TCHAR szProcessName[MAX_PATH] = TEXT("<unknown>");

	// Get a handle to the process.

	HANDLE hProcess = OpenProcess( PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION |
		PROCESS_VM_READ,
		FALSE, processID );

	// Get the process name.

	if (NULL != hProcess )
	{
		HMODULE hMod;
		DWORD cbNeeded;

		if ( EnumProcessModules( hProcess, &hMod, sizeof(hMod), 
			&cbNeeded) )
		{
			GetModuleBaseName( hProcess, hMod, szProcessName, 
				sizeof(szProcessName)/sizeof(TCHAR) );
		}
	}

	// Print the process name and identifier.

	_tprintf( TEXT("%s  (PID: %u)\n"), szProcessName, processID );

	// Release the handle to the process.

	CloseHandle( hProcess );
}

int main( void )
{
	// Get the list of process identifiers.

	DWORD aProcesses[1024], cbNeeded, cProcesses;
	unsigned int i;

	if ( !EnumProcesses( aProcesses, sizeof(aProcesses), &cbNeeded ) )
	{
		return 1;
	}


	// Calculate how many process identifiers were returned.

	cProcesses = cbNeeded / sizeof(DWORD);

	// Print the name and process identifier for each process.

	for ( i = 0; i < cProcesses; i++ )
	{
		if( aProcesses[i] != 0 )
		{
			PrintProcessNameAndID( aProcesses[i] );
		}
	}

	return 0;
}
*/
/*
#include <windows.h>
#include <Psapi.h>
#include <tchar.h>
#include <stdio.h>

#pragma comment(lib, "Psapi.lib")

// To ensure correct resolution of symbols, add Psapi.lib to TARGETLIBS
// and compile with -DPSAPI_VERSION=1

#define ARRAY_SIZE 1024

int main( void )
{
	LPVOID drivers[ARRAY_SIZE];
	DWORD cbNeeded;
	int cDrivers, i;

	if( EnumDeviceDrivers(drivers, sizeof(drivers), &cbNeeded) && cbNeeded < sizeof(drivers))
	{ 
		TCHAR szDriver[ARRAY_SIZE];

		cDrivers = cbNeeded / sizeof(drivers[0]);

		_tprintf(TEXT("There are %d drivers:\n"), cDrivers);      
		for (i=0; i < cDrivers; i++ )
		{
			if(GetDeviceDriverBaseName(drivers[i], szDriver, sizeof(szDriver) /              sizeof(szDriver[0])))
			{
				_tprintf(TEXT("%d: %s\n"), i+1, szDriver);
			}
		}
	}
	else 
	{
		_tprintf(TEXT("EnumDeviceDrivers failed; array size needed is %d\n"),             cbNeeded / sizeof(LPVOID));
		return 1;
	}

	return 0;
}
*/

/*
#include <windows.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <psapi.h>

#pragma comment (lib, "Psapi.lib")
// To ensure correct resolution of symbols, add Psapi.lib to TARGETLIBS
// and compile with -DPSAPI_VERSION=1

void PrintMemoryInfo( DWORD processID )
{
	HANDLE hProcess;
	PROCESS_MEMORY_COUNTERS pmc;

	// Print the process identifier.

	printf( "\nProcess ID: %u\n", processID );

	// Print information about the memory usage of the process.

	hProcess = OpenProcess(  PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION |
		PROCESS_VM_READ,
		FALSE, processID );
	if (NULL == hProcess)
		return;

	if ( GetProcessMemoryInfo( hProcess, &pmc, sizeof(pmc)) )
	{
		printf( "\tPageFaultCount: 0x%08X\n", pmc.PageFaultCount );
		printf( "\tPeakWorkingSetSize: 0x%08X\n", 
			pmc.PeakWorkingSetSize );
		printf( "\tWorkingSetSize: 0x%08X\n", pmc.WorkingSetSize );
		printf( "\tQuotaPeakPagedPoolUsage: 0x%08X\n", 
			pmc.QuotaPeakPagedPoolUsage );
		printf( "\tQuotaPagedPoolUsage: 0x%08X\n", 
			pmc.QuotaPagedPoolUsage );
		printf( "\tQuotaPeakNonPagedPoolUsage: 0x%08X\n", 
			pmc.QuotaPeakNonPagedPoolUsage );
		printf( "\tQuotaNonPagedPoolUsage: 0x%08X\n", 
			pmc.QuotaNonPagedPoolUsage );
		printf( "\tPagefileUsage: 0x%08X\n", pmc.PagefileUsage ); 
		printf( "\tPeakPagefileUsage: 0x%08X\n", 
			pmc.PeakPagefileUsage );
	}

	CloseHandle( hProcess );
}

int main( void )
{
	// Get the list of process identifiers.

	DWORD aProcesses[1024], cbNeeded, cProcesses;
	unsigned int i;

	if ( !EnumProcesses( aProcesses, sizeof(aProcesses), &cbNeeded ) )
	{
		return 1;
	}

	// Calculate how many process identifiers were returned.

	cProcesses = cbNeeded / sizeof(DWORD);

	// Print the memory usage for each process

	for ( i = 0; i < cProcesses; i++ )
	{
		PrintMemoryInfo( aProcesses[i] );
	}

	return 0;
}
*/
#include <windows.h>
#include <tchar.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <psapi.h>

#pragma comment (lib, "Psapi.lib")
// To ensure correct resolution of symbols, add Psapi.lib to TARGETLIBS
// and compile with -DPSAPI_VERSION=1

int PrintModules( DWORD processID )
{
	HMODULE hMods[1024];
	HANDLE hProcess;
	DWORD cbNeeded;
	unsigned int i;

	// Print the process identifier.

	printf( "\nProcess ID: %u\n", processID );

	// Get a handle to the process.

	hProcess = OpenProcess( PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION |
		PROCESS_VM_READ,
		FALSE, processID );
	if (NULL == hProcess)
		return 1;

	// Get a list of all the modules in this process.

	if( EnumProcessModules(hProcess, hMods, sizeof(hMods), &cbNeeded))
	{
		for ( i = 0; i < (cbNeeded / sizeof(HMODULE)); i++ )
		{
			TCHAR szModName[MAX_PATH];

			// Get the full path to the module's file.

			if ( GetModuleFileNameEx( hProcess, hMods[i], szModName,
				sizeof(szModName) / sizeof(TCHAR)))
			{
				// Print the module name and handle value.

				_tprintf( TEXT("\t%s (0x%08X)\n"), szModName, hMods[i] );
			}
		}
	}

	// Release the handle to the process.

	CloseHandle( hProcess );

	return 0;
}

int main( void )
{

	DWORD aProcesses[1024]; 
	DWORD cbNeeded; 
	DWORD cProcesses;
	unsigned int i;

	// Get the list of process identifiers.

	if ( !EnumProcesses( aProcesses, sizeof(aProcesses), &cbNeeded ) )
		return 1;

	// Calculate how many process identifiers were returned.

	cProcesses = cbNeeded / sizeof(DWORD);

	// Print the names of the modules for each process.

	for ( i = 0; i < cProcesses; i++ )
	{
		PrintModules( aProcesses[i] );
	}

	return 0;
}