FATFS学习之——多任务支持

FATFS学习之——多任务支持

    新版本的FATFS提供对多任务(RTOS)的支持，FATFS作为对设备操作的函数集，而设备在RTOS环境下作为一种临界资源，必然引入同步和互斥的开概念。

    下载最新FATFS V0.10b版本源码, option目录下有一个syscall.c文件，是对RTOS提供的同步和互斥机制的封装。

一、多任务环境支持的配置ffconf.h中，相关定义如下：

#define _FS_REENTRANT	1		/* 0:Disable or 1:Enable */
#define _FS_TIMEOUT	1000		/* Timeout period in unit of time tick */
#define	_SYNC_t		HANDLE	        /* O/S dependent sync object type. e.g. HANDLE, OS_EVENT*, ID, SemaphoreHandle_t and etc.. */
/* The _FS_REENTRANT option switches the re-entrancy (thread safe) of the FatFs module.
/
/   0: Disable re-entrancy. _FS_TIMEOUT and _SYNC_t have no effect.
/   1: Enable re-entrancy. Also user provided synchronization handlers,
/      ff_req_grant(), ff_rel_grant(), ff_del_syncobj() and ff_cre_syncobj()
/      function must be added to the project.
*/

_SYNC_t作为异步操作对像类型，在RAW-OS中定义为mutex，当然也可以定义为信号量，但这样会引入优先级反转问题。

二、syscall.c源文件中对sync object的实现：

    1. 创建一个异步对像

/*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Create a Synchronization Object
/*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* This function is called by f_mount() function to create a new
/  synchronization object, such as semaphore and mutex. When a 0 is
/  returned, the f_mount() function fails with FR_INT_ERR.
*/
int ff_cre_syncobj (	/* 1:Function succeeded, 0:Could not create due to any error */
	BYTE vol,	/* Corresponding logical drive being processed */
	_SYNC_t* sobj	/* Pointer to return the created sync object */
)
{
	int ret;
	*sobj = CreateMutex(NULL, FALSE, NULL);		/* Win32 */
	ret = (int)(*sobj != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE);

//	*sobj = SyncObjects[vol];		
//	ret = 1;

//	*sobj = OSMutexCreate(0, &err);	
//	ret = (int)(err == OS_NO_ERR);

//      *sobj = xSemaphoreCreateMutex();	
//	ret = (int)(*sobj != NULL);

	return ret;
}

从上面可以看出，对我们熟知的uC/OS-II来讲，异步对像是一个mutex。该函数返回1表示创建成功。

    2. 同理删除一个同步对像如下所示：

/*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Delete a Synchronization Object                                        */
/*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* This function is called in f_mount() function to delete a synchronization
/  object that created with ff_cre_syncobj() function. When a 0 is
/  returned, the f_mount() function fails with FR_INT_ERR.
*/
int ff_del_syncobj (	/* 1:Function succeeded, 0:Could not delete due to any error */
	_SYNC_t sobj	/* Sync object tied to the logical drive to be deleted */
)
{
	int ret;
	ret = CloseHandle(sobj);	/* Win32 */
//	ret = 1;					/* uITRON (nothing to do) */

//	OSMutexDel(sobj, OS_DEL_ALWAYS, &err);	/* uC/OS-II */
//	ret = (int)(err == OS_NO_ERR);

//      xSemaphoreDelete(sobj);		/* FreeRTOS */
//	ret = 1;
	return ret;
}

    3. 请求同步对像资源可用

/*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Request Grant to Access the Volume                                     */
/*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* This function is called on entering file functions to lock the volume.
/  When a FALSE is returned, the file function fails with FR_TIMEOUT.
*/
int ff_req_grant (	/* TRUE:Got a grant to access the volume, FALSE:Could not get a grant */
	_SYNC_t sobj	/* Sync object to wait */
)
{
	int ret;
	ret = (int)(WaitForSingleObject(sobj, _FS_TIMEOUT) == WAIT_OBJECT_0);	/* Win32 */

//	ret = (int)(wai_sem(sobj) == E_OK);			/* uITRON */

//	OSMutexPend(sobj, _FS_TIMEOUT, &err));		/* uC/OS-II */
//	ret = (int)(err == OS_NO_ERR);

//	ret = (int)(xSemaphoreTake(sobj, _FS_TIMEOUT) == pdTRUE); /* FreeRTOS */

	return ret;
}

    从uC/OS-II来看，就是带超时阻塞在一个mutex上，超时时间为_FS_TIMEOUT，它在配置中定义为1000，即1000个OS_Tick。

    4. 释放同步对像供别的任务所用。

/*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Release Grant to Access the Volume                                     */
/*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* This function is called on leaving file functions to unlock the volume.
*/
void ff_rel_grant (
	_SYNC_t sobj	/* Sync object to be signaled */
)
{
	ReleaseMutex(sobj);		/* Win32 */

//	sig_sem(sobj);			/* uITRON */

//	OSMutexPost(sobj);		/* uC/OS-II */

//	xSemaphoreGive(sobj);/* FreeRTOS */
}

三、 RAW-OS下FATFS多任务支持的代码实现

    1. 配置

#define _FS_REENTRANT	1<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>/* 0:Disable or 1:Enable */
#define _FS_TIMEOUT	100             /* Timeout period in unit of time ticks */
#define	_SYNC_t		RAW_MUTEX *	/* O/S dependent sync object type. e.g. HANDLE, OS_EVENT*, ID and etc.. */

    2. 创建同步对像

int ff_cre_syncobj (	/* TRUE:Function succeeded, FALSE:Could not create due to any error */
	BYTE vol,	/* Corresponding logical drive being processed */
	_SYNC_t *sobj	/* Pointer to return the created sync object */
)
{
	RAW_U16  ret = 0;
	*sobj = mem_4_malloc(sizeof(RAW_MUTEX));/* 为同步对像申请内存空间 */
	ret = raw_mutex_create(*sobj, (RAW_U8 *)"fatfs_lock", RAW_MUTEX_INHERIT_POLICY, 0);

	if (ret == RAW_SUCCESS) {
		ret = 1;
	}	
	return ret;
}

    3. 删除同步对像   

int ff_del_syncobj (	/* TRUE:Function succeeded, FALSE:Could not delete due to any error */
	_SYNC_t sobj	/* Sync object tied to the logical drive to be deleted */
)
{
	RAW_U16  ret = 0;
	ret = raw_mutex_delete(sobj);
	mem_4_free(sobj);
	if (ret == RAW_SUCCESS) {
		ret = 1;
	}	
	return ret;
}

    4. 申请资源可用

int ff_req_grant (	/* TRUE:Got a grant to access the volume, FALSE:Could not get a grant */
	_SYNC_t sobj	/* Sync object to wait */
)
{
	RAW_U16  ret = 0;
	ret = raw_mutex_get(sobj, RAW_WAIT_FOREVER);  /* 阻塞直到资源可用 */ 
	if (ret == RAW_SUCCESS) {
		ret = 1;
	}
	return ret;
}

    4. 释放资源

void ff_rel_grant (
	_SYNC_t sobj	/* Sync object to be signaled */
)
{
	RAW_U16 ret;	
	ret = raw_mutex_put(sobj);
	if (ret != RAW_SUCCESS) {
		RAW_ASSERT(0);
	}
}