Python/C interface

Write a c program to interface with python script. Python is written in c and it provides c api to let programmers to call python module in c

 

#include<stdio.h> #include<stdlib.h> #include<Python.h> void test() { Py_Initialize(); FILE * fp = fopen("hello.py", "r"); if (fp == NULL) return; PyRun_SimpleFile(fp, "hello.py"); Py_Finalize(); } int main() { PyObject *pName, *pModule, *pDict, *pFunc, *pValue, *pArgs,*pList,*pRet; //Initialize the python Interpreter Py_Initialize(); //Check the IsInitialized if(!Py_IsInitialized()){ printf("is initialized no/n"); return -1; } PyRun_SimpleString("import sys"); PyRun_SimpleString("sys.path.append('./')"); //Build the name object, python filename pName = PyString_FromString("hello"); if (!pName){ printf("pname --test no/n"); } //Load the module object pName = Py_BuildValue("s", "hello"); pModule = PyImport_Import(pName); //Check pModule if(!pModule){ printf("test.py no/n"); return -1; } //pDict is a borrowed reference pDict = PyModule_GetDict(pModule); if(!pDict){ printf("pDict no/n"); } //pFunc is also a borrowed refernce, find the function pFunc = PyDict_GetItemString(pDict, "test"); if(pFunc == NULL) { printf("pfunc == null/n"); } //pFunc = PyObject_GetAttrString(pModule, "test"); if(!pFunc ||!PyCallable_Check(pFunc)){ printf("pFunc no /n"); return -1; } pList = PyList_New(2); PyList_SetItem(pList,0,Py_BuildValue("i",1)); PyList_SetItem(pList,1,Py_BuildValue("s","hello")); pArgs = PyTuple_New(1); //PyTuple_SetItem(pArgs,0,Py_BuildValue("s","hello")); PyTuple_SetItem(pArgs,0,pList); pRet = PyObject_CallObject(pFunc,pArgs); //get return value if(pRet == NULL){ printf("pret is null/n"); return -1; } int i = 0, s = PyList_Size(pRet); printf("pret size= %d/n",s); char * t = PyString_AsString(PyList_GetItem(pRet,0)); long a = PyInt_AsLong(PyList_GetItem(pRet,1)); printf("t= %s,a= %ld",t,a); //release resource Py_DECREF(pModule); Py_DECREF(pName); Py_DECREF(pDict); Py_DECREF(pFunc); Py_DECREF(pArgs); Py_DECREF(pRet); Py_DECREF(pList); Py_Finalize(); return 0; }

the above is sample code using python c api to call python script. The most import aspect is adding current execution path to the syspath of python. The code is as follows:

PyRun_SimpleString("import sys");
PyRun_SimpleString("sys.path.append('./')");

 

when we pass a parameter to python module the parameter must be tuple type. and python returned value can be any type including int, string,tuple and list, etc.

 

All the variable in the code is PyObject type and we should check its type on our own.

 

add my python test script:

#hello.py def test(args): print args print "hello" return ["hello",1]

 

reference:

http://docs.python.org/c-api/index.html

http://wiki.forum.nokia.com/index.php/Embedding_Python_into_C%2B%2B_-_Complex_Description