微软VSCode的常用操作和常用设置

微软的Visual Studio Code（VSCode）编辑器是因为其简洁高效，轻量级，是很多程序员的选择，如何快速上手并使用，本文将对vscode在C/C++下的应用进行简单介绍。

软件下载

建议大家去官方网站按需进行下载：https://code.visualstudio.com/

我们可能会选择下载免安装版本，这样右键菜单会没有使用VScode打开的选项，我们可以使用下面的reg脚本进行注册表添加，新建txt文件，负责下面的脚本，修改其中的路径，然后修改文件后缀为.reg,然后双击执行。

Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00
 
[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\*\shell\VSCode]
@="Open with Code"
"Icon"="D:\\Program Files\\VSCode-Win32-x64-1.70.2\\Code.exe"
 
[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\*\shell\VSCode\command]
@="\"D:\\Program Files\\VSCode-Win32-x64-1.70.2\\Code.exe\" \"%1\""
 
Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00
 
[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Directory\shell\VSCode]
@="Open with Code"
"Icon"="D:\\Program Files\\VSCode-Win32-x64-1.70.2\\Code.exe"
 
[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Directory\shell\VSCode\command]
@="\"D:\\Program Files\\VSCode-Win32-x64-1.70.2\\Code.exe\" \"%V\""
 
Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00
 
[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Directory\Background\shell\VSCode]
@="Open with Code"
"Icon"="D:\\Program Files\\VSCode-Win32-x64-1.70.2\\Code.exe"
 
[HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Directory\Background\shell\VSCode\command]
@="\"D:\\Program Files\\VSCode-Win32-x64-1.70.2\\Code.exe\" \"%V\""

插件安装

安装完VScode后一般需要下载一些插件，这样用着才会顺手，一般你选择编程语言后，VScode会进行推荐，下面试C/C++推荐的一些常用的。

如果我们换电脑了，积累的常用插件可以去对应目录去找，然后复制到新电脑里，实现插件的同步。
vscode插件默认的安装位置是：C:\Users\用户名.vscode\extensions
如果不想把插件安装在C盘的话，可以自己新建一个文件来存储插件，然后在快捷方式的目标中修改路径，在原本的目标后加入–extensions-dir “新的插件存储位置”，例如：“D:\Program Files\Microsoft VS Code\Code.exe” --extensions-dir “D:\Program Files\Microsoft VS Code\extensions”
当然你如果能够联网，那可以使用账户的同步配置功能。

格式化代码

我们可以设置编码风格，然后通过右键的格式化进行编码风格的统一，编码风格可以设置.clang-format文件，Clang_format_style设置为file，将.clang-format文件放到需要设置的文件夹下，VScode会从当前目录网上逐级目录寻找，如果找不到.clang-format文件，则会按照Clang_format_fallback_style设置的进行默认配置。

Clang_format_fallback_style可以设置成VScode模式或者google模式，或者是基于这两个进行简单的修改。

myself  { BasedOnStyle: LLVM, AllowShortFunctionsOnASingleLine: Inline, AllowShortIfStatementsOnASingleLine: false, AlwaysBreakTemplateDeclarations: true, SpaceAfterTemplateKeyword: false, ColumnLimit: 120, Standard: Cpp11, IndentWidth: 4, TabWidth: 4, AccessModifierOffset: -4, UseTab: Never, BreakBeforeBraces: Allman }

vscode { BasedOnStyle: LLVM, UseTab: Never, IndentWidth: 4, TabWidth: 4, BreakBeforeBraces: Linux, AllowShortIfStatementsOnASingleLine: false, IndentCaseLabels: false, ColumnLimit: 0, AccessModifierOffset: -4, NamespaceIndentation: All, FixNamespaceComments: false }
google { BasedOnStyle: LLVM, UseTab: Never, IndentWidth: 4, TabWidth: 4, BreakBeforeBraces: Allman, AllowShortIfStatementsOnASingleLine: false, IndentCaseLabels: false, ColumnLimit: 0, AccessModifierOffset: -4, NamespaceIndentation: All, FixNamespaceComments: false }

.clang_format文件

---
Language:        Cpp
# BasedOnStyle:  LLVM
AccessModifierOffset: -2
AlignAfterOpenBracket: Align
AlignConsecutiveAssignments: false
AlignConsecutiveDeclarations: false
AlignConsecutiveMacros: true
# AlignConsecutiveStyle: AcrossEmptyLinesAndComments
AlignEscapedNewlines: Left
AlignOperands:   true
AlignTrailingComments: true
AllowAllArgumentsOnNextLine: false
AllowAllConstructorInitializersOnNextLine: false
AllowAllParametersOfDeclarationOnNextLine: false
AllowShortBlocksOnASingleLine: Never
AllowShortCaseLabelsOnASingleLine: false
# AllowShortEnumsOnASingleLine: false
AllowShortFunctionsOnASingleLine: None
AllowShortLambdasOnASingleLine: All
AllowShortIfStatementsOnASingleLine: Never
AllowShortLoopsOnASingleLine: true
AlwaysBreakAfterDefinitionReturnType: None
AlwaysBreakAfterReturnType: None
AlwaysBreakBeforeMultilineStrings: false
AlwaysBreakTemplateDeclarations: true
BinPackArguments: false
BinPackParameters: false
BraceWrapping:
  AfterCaseLabel:  false
  AfterClass:      false
  AfterControlStatement: false
  AfterEnum:       false
  AfterFunction:   false
  AfterNamespace:  false
  AfterObjCDeclaration: false
  AfterStruct:     false
  AfterUnion:      false
  AfterExternBlock: false
  BeforeCatch:     false
  BeforeElse:      false
  IndentBraces:    false
  SplitEmptyFunction: true
  SplitEmptyRecord: true
  SplitEmptyNamespace: true
BreakBeforeBinaryOperators: None
BreakBeforeBraces: Linux
BreakBeforeInheritanceComma: false
BreakInheritanceList: BeforeColon
BreakBeforeTernaryOperators: true
BreakConstructorInitializersBeforeComma: false
BreakConstructorInitializers: BeforeColon
BreakAfterJavaFieldAnnotations: false
BreakStringLiterals: true
ColumnLimit:     120
CommentPragmas:  '^ IWYU pragma:'
CompactNamespaces: false
ConstructorInitializerAllOnOneLineOrOnePerLine: true
ConstructorInitializerIndentWidth: 4
ContinuationIndentWidth: 4
Cpp11BracedListStyle: true
DeriveLineEnding: true
DerivePointerAlignment: false
DisableFormat:   false
ExperimentalAutoDetectBinPacking: false
FixNamespaceComments: true
ForEachMacros:
  - foreach
  - Q_FOREACH
  - BOOST_FOREACH
  - list_for_each_entry
IncludeBlocks:   Preserve
IncludeCategories:
  - Regex:           '^"(llvm|llvm-c|clang|clang-c)/'
    Priority:        2
    SortPriority:    0
  - Regex:           '^(<|"(gtest|gmock|isl|json)/)'
    Priority:        3
    SortPriority:    0
  - Regex:           '.*'
    Priority:        1
    SortPriority:    0
IncludeIsMainRegex: '(Test)?$'
IncludeIsMainSourceRegex: ''
IndentCaseLabels: true
IndentGotoLabels: true
IndentPPDirectives: None
IndentWidth:     4
IndentWrappedFunctionNames: false
JavaScriptQuotes: Leave
JavaScriptWrapImports: true
KeepEmptyLinesAtTheStartOfBlocks: true
MacroBlockBegin: ''
MacroBlockEnd:   ''
MaxEmptyLinesToKeep: 1
NamespaceIndentation: All
ObjCBinPackProtocolList: Auto
ObjCBlockIndentWidth: 2
ObjCSpaceAfterProperty: false
ObjCSpaceBeforeProtocolList: true
PenaltyBreakAssignment: 20
PenaltyBreakBeforeFirstCallParameter: 50
PenaltyBreakComment: 300
PenaltyBreakFirstLessLess: 120
PenaltyBreakString: 1000
PenaltyBreakTemplateDeclaration: 10
PenaltyExcessCharacter: 1000000
PenaltyReturnTypeOnItsOwnLine: 6000
PointerAlignment: Right
ReflowComments:  true
SortIncludes:    false
SortUsingDeclarations: true
SpaceAfterCStyleCast: false
SpaceAfterLogicalNot: false
SpaceAfterTemplateKeyword: true
SpaceBeforeAssignmentOperators: true
SpaceBeforeCpp11BracedList: false
SpaceBeforeCtorInitializerColon: true
SpaceBeforeInheritanceColon: true
SpaceBeforeParens: ControlStatements
SpaceBeforeRangeBasedForLoopColon: true
SpaceInEmptyBlock: false
SpaceInEmptyParentheses: false
SpacesBeforeTrailingComments: 1
SpacesInAngles:  false
SpacesInConditionalStatement: false
SpacesInContainerLiterals: true
SpacesInCStyleCastParentheses: false
SpacesInParentheses: false
SpacesInSquareBrackets: false
SpaceBeforeSquareBrackets: false
Standard:        Latest
StatementMacros:
  - Q_UNUSED
  - QT_REQUIRE_VERSION
TabWidth:        8
UseCRLF:         false
UseTab:          Never
...