MongoDB是基于分布式文件存储的数据库,本文将介绍如何对MongoDB记录中集合字段进行匹配查询。
1.创建测试数据库
use testdb
db.createUser(
{
"user":"root",
"pwd":"123456",
"roles":[{"role" : "readWrite", "db":"testdb"}]
}
)
db.auth(
{
"user":"root",
"pwd":"123456"
}
)
2.插入测试数据,area_id为集合字段
db.member.insert([
{
"id" : 1,
"name" : "fdipzone",
"area_id" : [1,2,3],
},
{
"id" : 2,
"name" : "tom",
"area_id" : [3,4],
},
{
"id" : 3,
"name" : "polly",
"area_id" : [1,3,7],
},
{
"id" : 4,
"name" : "anslem",
"area_id" : [2,4,6],
},
{
"id" : 5,
"name" : "terry",
"area_id" : [4,5,9],
}
])
查询插入的数据
db.member.find();
{ "_id" : ObjectId("59f589f5641e44b4c51cb770"), "id" : 1, "name" : "fdipzone", "area_id" : [ 1, 2, 3 ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("59f589f5641e44b4c51cb771"), "id" : 2, "name" : "tom", "area_id" : [ 3, 4 ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("59f589f5641e44b4c51cb772"), "id" : 3, "name" : "polly", "area_id" : [ 1, 3, 7 ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("59f589f5641e44b4c51cb773"), "id" : 4, "name" : "anslem", "area_id" : [ 2, 4, 6 ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("59f589f5641e44b4c51cb774"), "id" : 5, "name" : "terry", "area_id" : [ 4, 5, 9 ] }
3.使用$in进行查询
查询area_id含有1的记录
db.member.find({"area_id":{$in:[1]}});
{ "_id" : ObjectId("59f589f5641e44b4c51cb770"), "id" : 1, "name" : "fdipzone", "area_id" : [ 1, 2, 3 ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("59f589f5641e44b4c51cb772"), "id" : 3, "name" : "polly", "area_id" : [ 1, 3, 7 ] }
注意,$in只能检查集合内每一个元素是否匹配,只要任意一个匹配就返回记录,并不能检查同时匹配多个元素的情况。
例如要查询area_id同时包含2和4的记录,使用$in只会查询出含有2或4的记录。
db.member.find({"area_id":{$in:[2,4]}});
{ "_id" : ObjectId("59f58ddfa874fe2b3da340bf"), "id" : 1, "name" : "fdipzone", "area_id" : [ 1, 2, 3 ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("59f58ddfa874fe2b3da340c0"), "id" : 2, "name" : "tom", "area_id" : [ 3, 4 ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("59f58ddfa874fe2b3da340c2"), "id" : 4, "name" : "anslem", "area_id" : [ 2, 4, 6 ] }
{ "_id" : ObjectId("59f58ddfa874fe2b3da340c3"), "id" : 5, "name" : "terry", "area_id" : [ 4, 5, 9 ] }
4.使用$all进行查询
$all可以检查同时匹配多个元素的情况
查询area_id同时含有2和4的记录
db.member.find({"area_id":{$all:[2,4]}});
{ "_id" : ObjectId("59f58ddfa874fe2b3da340c2"), "id" : 4, "name" : "anslem", "area_id" : [ 2, 4, 6 ] }