C#实现按键精灵的'找图' '找色' '找字'的功能

背景：游戏辅助功能通常使用按键精灵编写脚本，按键精灵的最大卖点就是能够找到画面中字，图，色，这对于模拟用户鼠标操作至关重要，这能找到道具，找到血量，实现自动打怪，自动补血，自动买卖道具，博主闲来无聊，看到一款按键精灵实现的辅助，于是乎想用WPF也写一款辅助工具，实现其核心的找图找色等功能。博主测试，对于背景复杂多变的画面，找不变图的成功率达到100%，找带透明的图，比如文字，能达到90%以上。默认您已经知道一个颜色值由argb构成，每个值范围都是0~255。网上发现不少人询问过该问题，几乎没有比较全面的解答，今天本博主自己写了这些功能的代码，C#同学们，以后可以用这几个函数实现你的游戏辅助了哦(⊙o⊙)

　找色：

 

1. /// <summary>

2. /// 找颜色

3. /// </summary>

4. /// <param name="parPic">查找的图片的绝对路径</param>

5. /// <param name="searchColor">查找的16进制颜色值，如#0C5FAB</param>

6. /// <param name="searchRect">查找的矩形区域范围内</param>

7. /// <param name="errorRange">容错</param>

8. /// <returns></returns>

9. System.Drawing.Point FindColor(string parPic, string searchColor, System.Drawing.Rectangle searchRect, byte errorRange = 10)

10. {

11. var colorX = System.Drawing.ColorTranslator.FromHtml(searchColor);

12. var parBitmap = new Bitmap(parPic);

13. var parData = parBitmap.LockBits(new System.Drawing.Rectangle(0, 0, parBitmap.Width, parBitmap.Height), ImageLockMode.ReadOnly, System.Drawing.Imaging.PixelFormat.Format32bppArgb);

14. var byteArraryPar = new byte[parData.Stride * parData.Height];

15. Marshal.Copy(parData.Scan0, byteArraryPar, 0, parData.Stride * parData.Height);

16. if (searchRect.IsEmpty)

17. {

18. searchRect = new System.Drawing.Rectangle(0, 0, parBitmap.Width, parBitmap.Height);

19. }

20. var searchLeftTop = searchRect.Location;

21. var searchSize = searchRect.Size;

22. var iMax = searchLeftTop.Y + searchSize.Height;//行

23. var jMax = searchLeftTop.X + searchSize.Width;//列

24. int pointX = -1; int pointY = -1;

25. for (int m = searchRect.Y; m < iMax; m++)

26. {

27. for (int n = searchRect.X; n < jMax; n++)

28. {

29. int index = m * parBitmap.Width * 4 + n * 4;

30. var color = System.Drawing.Color.FromArgb(byteArraryPar[index + 3], byteArraryPar[index + 2], byteArraryPar[index + 1], byteArraryPar[index]);

31. if (ColorAEqualColorB(color, colorX, errorRange))

32. {

33. pointX = n;

34. pointY = m;

35. goto END;

36. }

37. }

38. }

39. END:

40. parBitmap.UnlockBits(parData);

41. return new System.Drawing.Point(pointX, pointY);

42. }

43. #endregion

　　

方法中的容错范围，默认设置为10。R、G、B三者的范围都是0~255，容错为10，就表示每个范围都可以在10上下波动，下面还会有容错的概念

　　找图：

在一张大图中截取一个矩形小图，然后在任意包含该小图的图片中找到该小图的坐标位置

 

 

 

1. #region 找图

2.  

3. /// <summary>

4. /// 查找图片，不能镂空

5. /// </summary>

6. /// <param name="subPic"></param>

7. /// <param name="parPic"></param>

8. /// <param name="searchRect">如果为empty，则默认查找整个图像</param>

9. /// <param name="errorRange">容错，单个色值范围内视为正确0~255</param>

10. /// <param name="matchRate">图片匹配度，默认90%</param>

11. /// <param name="isFindAll">是否查找所有相似的图片</param>

12. /// <returns>返回查找到的图片的中心点坐标</returns>

13. List<System.Drawing.Point> FindPicture(string subPic, string parPic, System.Drawing.Rectangle searchRect, byte errorRange, double matchRate = 0.9, bool isFindAll = false)

14. {

15. List<System.Drawing.Point> ListPoint = new List<System.Drawing.Point>();

16. var subBitmap = new Bitmap(subPic);

17. var parBitmap = new Bitmap(parPic);

18. int subWidth = subBitmap.Width;

19. int subHeight = subBitmap.Height;

20. int parWidth = parBitmap.Width;

21. int parHeight = parBitmap.Height;

22. if (searchRect.IsEmpty)

23. {

24. searchRect = new System.Drawing.Rectangle(0, 0, parBitmap.Width, parBitmap.Height);

25. }

26.  

27. var searchLeftTop = searchRect.Location;

28. var searchSize = searchRect.Size;

29. System.Drawing.Color startPixelColor = subBitmap.GetPixel(0, 0);

30. var subData = subBitmap.LockBits(new System.Drawing.Rectangle(0, 0, subBitmap.Width, subBitmap.Height), ImageLockMode.ReadOnly, System.Drawing.Imaging.PixelFormat.Format32bppArgb);

31. var parData = parBitmap.LockBits(new System.Drawing.Rectangle(0, 0, parBitmap.Width, parBitmap.Height), ImageLockMode.ReadOnly, System.Drawing.Imaging.PixelFormat.Format32bppArgb);

32. var byteArrarySub = new byte[subData.Stride * subData.Height];

33. var byteArraryPar = new byte[parData.Stride * parData.Height];

34. Marshal.Copy(subData.Scan0, byteArrarySub, 0, subData.Stride * subData.Height);

35. Marshal.Copy(parData.Scan0, byteArraryPar, 0, parData.Stride * parData.Height);

36.  

37. var iMax = searchLeftTop.Y + searchSize.Height - subData.Height;//行

38. var jMax = searchLeftTop.X + searchSize.Width - subData.Width;//列

39.  

40. int smallOffsetX = 0, smallOffsetY = 0;

41. int smallStartX = 0, smallStartY = 0;

42. int pointX = -1; int pointY = -1;

43. for (int i = searchLeftTop.Y; i < iMax; i++)

44. {

45. for (int j = searchLeftTop.X; j < jMax; j++)

46. {

47. //大图x，y坐标处的颜色值

48. int x = j, y = i;

49. int parIndex = i * parWidth * 4 + j * 4;

50. var colorBig = System.Drawing.Color.FromArgb(byteArraryPar[parIndex + 3], byteArraryPar[parIndex + 2], byteArraryPar[parIndex + 1], byteArraryPar[parIndex]);

51. ;

52. if (ColorAEqualColorB(colorBig, startPixelColor, errorRange))

53. {

54. smallStartX = x - smallOffsetX;//待找的图X坐标

55. smallStartY = y - smallOffsetY;//待找的图Y坐标

56. int sum = 0;//所有需要比对的有效点

57. int matchNum = 0;//成功匹配的点

58. for (int m = 0; m < subHeight; m++)

59. {

60. for (int n = 0; n < subWidth; n++)

61. {

62. int x1 = n, y1 = m;

63. int subIndex = m * subWidth * 4 + n * 4;

64. var color = System.Drawing.Color.FromArgb(byteArrarySub[subIndex + 3], byteArrarySub[subIndex + 2], byteArrarySub[subIndex + 1], byteArrarySub[subIndex]);

65.  

66. sum++;

67. int x2 = smallStartX + x1, y2 = smallStartY + y1;

68. int parReleativeIndex = y2 * parWidth * 4 + x2 * 4;//比对大图对应的像素点的颜色

69. var colorPixel = System.Drawing.Color.FromArgb(byteArraryPar[parReleativeIndex + 3], byteArraryPar[parReleativeIndex + 2], byteArraryPar[parReleativeIndex + 1], byteArraryPar[parReleativeIndex]);

70. if (ColorAEqualColorB(colorPixel, color, errorRange))

71. {

72. matchNum++;

73. }

74. }

75. }

76. if ((double)matchNum / sum >= matchRate)

77. {

78. Console.WriteLine((double)matchNum / sum);

79. pointX = smallStartX + (int)(subWidth / 2.0);

80. pointY = smallStartY + (int)(subHeight / 2.0);

81. var point = new System.Drawing.Point(pointX, pointY);

82. if (!ListContainsPoint(ListPoint, point, 10))

83. {

84. ListPoint.Add(point);

85. }

86. if (!isFindAll)

87. {

88. goto FIND_END;

89. }

90. }

91. }

92. //小图x1,y1坐标处的颜色值

93. }

94. }

95. FIND_END:

96. subBitmap.UnlockBits(subData);

97. parBitmap.UnlockBits(parData);

98. subBitmap.Dispose();

99. parBitmap.Dispose();

100. GC.Collect();

101. return ListPoint;

102. }

103. #endregion

　　

1. private void Button_Click_Pic(object sender,RoutedEventArgs e)

2. {

3. string subPic = @"E:\2.png";

4. string parPic = @"E:\1.png";

5. ;

6. List<System.Drawing.Point> List =FindPicture(subPic, parPic, System.Drawing.Rectangle.Empty, 100);

7. foreach(System.Drawing.Point p in List)

8. {

9. Console.WriteLine(p.X.ToString());

10. Console.WriteLine(p.Y.ToString());

11. }

12. Console.WriteLine("finish");

13. }

　　

　　找字：

找字比较困难了呢，因为文字是一种镂空的图像，不像上述找的是非镂空图像，代码：

定义结构体：

 

 

 

1. struct NumBody

2. {

3. public int num;//数字

4. public int matchNum;//匹配的个数

5. public int matchSum;

6. public double matchRate;//匹配度

7. public System.Drawing.Point point;

8. public List<System.Drawing.Point> bodyCollectionPoint;//该数字所有像素在大图中的坐标

9. }

　　

 

 

1. #region 找字

2.  

3. /// <summary>

4. /// 找文字，镂空的图片文字

5. /// </summary>

6. /// <param name="subPic"></param>

7. /// <param name="parPic"></param>

8. /// <param name="searchRect"></param>

9. /// <param name="errorRange"></param>

10. /// <param name="matchRate"></param>

11. /// <param name="isFindAll"></param>

12. /// <returns></returns>

13. List<NumBody> FindText(string subPic, string parPic, System.Drawing.Rectangle searchRect, byte errorRange, double matchRate = 0.9, bool isFindAll = false)

14. {

15.  

16. List<NumBody> ListPoint = new List<NumBody>();

17. var subBitmap = new Bitmap(subPic);

18. var parBitmap = new Bitmap(parPic);

19. int subWidth = subBitmap.Width;

20. int subHeight = subBitmap.Height;

21. int parWidth = parBitmap.Width;

22. int parHeight = parBitmap.Height;

23. var bgColor = subBitmap.GetPixel(0, 0);//背景红色

24. if (searchRect.IsEmpty)

25. {

26. searchRect = new System.Drawing.Rectangle(0, 0, parBitmap.Width, parBitmap.Height);

27. }

28. var searchLeftTop = searchRect.Location;

29. var searchSize = searchRect.Size;

30. var subData = subBitmap.LockBits(new System.Drawing.Rectangle(0, 0, subBitmap.Width, subBitmap.Height), ImageLockMode.ReadOnly, System.Drawing.Imaging.PixelFormat.Format32bppArgb);

31. var parData = parBitmap.LockBits(new System.Drawing.Rectangle(0, 0, parBitmap.Width, parBitmap.Height), ImageLockMode.ReadOnly, System.Drawing.Imaging.PixelFormat.Format32bppArgb);

32. var byteArrarySub = new byte[subData.Stride * subData.Height];

33. var byteArraryPar = new byte[parData.Stride * parData.Height];

34. Marshal.Copy(subData.Scan0, byteArrarySub, 0, subData.Stride * subData.Height);

35. Marshal.Copy(parData.Scan0, byteArraryPar, 0, parData.Stride * parData.Height);

36. var iMax = searchLeftTop.Y + searchSize.Height - subData.Height;//行

37. var jMax = searchLeftTop.X + searchSize.Width - subData.Width;//列

38. System.Drawing.Color startPixelColor = System.Drawing.Color.FromArgb(0, 0, 0);

39. int smallOffsetX = 0, smallOffsetY = 0;

40. int smallStartX = 0, smallStartY = 0;

41. int pointX = -1; int pointY = -1;

42.  
43.  

44. for (int m = 0; m < subHeight; m++)

45. {

46. for (int n = 0; n < subWidth; n++)

47. {

48. smallOffsetX = n;

49. smallOffsetY = m;

50. int subIndex = m * subWidth * 4 + n * 4;

51. var color = System.Drawing.Color.FromArgb(byteArrarySub[subIndex + 3], byteArrarySub[subIndex + 2], byteArrarySub[subIndex + 1], byteArrarySub[subIndex]);

52. if (!ColorAEqualColorB(color, bgColor, errorRange))

53. {

54. startPixelColor = color;

55. goto END;

56. }

57. }

58. }

59.  

60. END:

61. for (int i = searchLeftTop.Y; i < iMax; i++)

62. {

63. for (int j = searchLeftTop.X; j < jMax; j++)

64. {

65. //大图x，y坐标处的颜色值

66. int x = j, y = i;

67. int parIndex = i * parWidth * 4 + j * 4;

68. var colorBig = System.Drawing.Color.FromArgb(byteArraryPar[parIndex + 3], byteArraryPar[parIndex + 2], byteArraryPar[parIndex + 1], byteArraryPar[parIndex]);

69. ;

70.  

71. List<System.Drawing.Point> myListPoint = new List<System.Drawing.Point>();

72. if (ColorAEqualColorB(colorBig, startPixelColor, errorRange))

73. {

74. smallStartX = x - smallOffsetX;//待找的图X坐标

75. smallStartY = y - smallOffsetY;//待找的图Y坐标

76. int sum = 0;//所有需要比对的有效点

77. int matchNum = 0;//成功匹配的点

78. for (int m = 0; m < subHeight; m++)

79. {

80. for (int n = 0; n < subWidth; n++)

81. {

82. int x1 = n, y1 = m;

83. int subIndex = m * subWidth * 4 + n * 4;

84. var color = System.Drawing.Color.FromArgb(byteArrarySub[subIndex + 3], byteArrarySub[subIndex + 2], byteArrarySub[subIndex + 1], byteArrarySub[subIndex]);

85. if (color != bgColor)

86. {

87. sum++;

88. int x2 = smallStartX + x1, y2 = smallStartY + y1;

89. int parReleativeIndex = y2 * parWidth * 4 + x2 * 4;//比对大图对应的像素点的颜色

90. var colorPixel = System.Drawing.Color.FromArgb(byteArraryPar[parReleativeIndex + 3], byteArraryPar[parReleativeIndex + 2], byteArraryPar[parReleativeIndex + 1], byteArraryPar[parReleativeIndex]);

91. if (ColorAEqualColorB(colorPixel, color, errorRange))

92. {

93. matchNum++;

94. }

95. myListPoint.Add(new System.Drawing.Point(x2, y2));

96. }

97. }

98. }

99.  

100. double rate = (double)matchNum / sum;

101. if (rate>= matchRate)

102. {

103. Console.WriteLine((double)matchNum / sum);

104. pointX = smallStartX + (int)(subWidth / 2.0);

105. pointY = smallStartY + (int)(subHeight / 2.0);

106. var point = new System.Drawing.Point(pointX, pointY);

107. if (!ListTextBodyContainsPoint(ListPoint, point, 1))

108. {

109. ListPoint.Add(new NumBody() { point = point, matchNum = matchNum,matchSum=sum, matchRate = rate, bodyCollectionPoint = myListPoint });

110. }

111. SearchNumbersByMatchNum(ref ListPoint);

112. if (!isFindAll)

113. {

114. goto FIND_END;

115. }

116. }

117. }

118. //小图x1,y1坐标处的颜色值

119. }

120. }

121. FIND_END:

122. subBitmap.UnlockBits(subData);

123. parBitmap.UnlockBits(parData);

124. subBitmap.Dispose();

125. parBitmap.Dispose();

126. GC.Collect();

127. return ListPoint;

128. }

　　

 

特别注意：有了这个方法还是不能找到你要的文字的。要先处理文字，下面举例：

例如在这张图片上找到朋友的朋字的坐标位置：

 

1：打开你的PS，先将图片放大，看到像素方块为止，然后将朋字的范围圈选住，注意稍微比字圈选的大一点，像这样：

2：按住CTRL+C，然后CTRL+N，出现对话框：(教教大家使用PS^_^)

3：将背景内容选择透明，按确定，再按CTRL+V复制图像

4:将这个图片放大到看到像素为止，将所有非字体的位置全部用铅笔工具涂上同一种颜色，

5:涂完了之后将这张图片保存下来，这张图片就是我们要查找的“朋”字，图片是这样的

6：我们需要的就是第五步的图片和第一张底图，下面见证奇迹的时刻到了。

 

1          string str1 = @"C:\Users\JimmyBright\Desktop\1.png";
2             string str2 = @"C:\Users\JimmyBright\Desktop\2.png";
3             var xx = FindText(str2,str1,new System.Drawing.Rectangle(0, 0, 400, 600),10);

str1是我们的底图，str2是第五步的那张处理后的文字图片，xx就是我们最后需要的文字的位置坐标，我们运行看看。下面截图运行结果：

显然最后我们查找的文字在图片中的坐标为(224,286)，大家可以下载那张图片验证

找数：

　　你以为找到文字就算完了吗？No，找数字才是最困难的，为什么呢？有人会问，数字难道不也是文字吗，不也可以通过PS处理数字达到查找其位置的目的吗？对的，数字也是文字，我们将需要查找的数字0~9全部PS处理，就能查到它们的位置了。但是有一个问题啊，游戏中用数字表示的地方通常是一连串的数字，这些数字里面包含0~9的任意组合。所以我们需要这样处理：

　　我们从0~9依次查找指定区域，记录每次查找的结果，没查到的数字不必记录，对查到结果的数字再按照X坐标排序，因为在X坐标越小，数字越靠左边。

还有一个严重的问题，例如38,14，这样的数字会很讨厌，为什么呢，我们会再8当中查找3，在4当中查找到1，这会对我们的数字识别产生重大误差，所以下面我也写了一个方法对这个问题做了处理，代码：

 

 1     #region 查找数字
 2         
 3         /// <summary>
 4         /// 在指定区域里面查找数字
 5         /// </summary>
 6         /// <param name="numDic"></param>
 7         /// <param name="parPic"></param>
 8         /// <param name="searchRect"></param>
 9         /// <param name="errorRange"></param>
10         /// <returns></returns>
11         int FindNumbers(Dictionary<int, string> numDic, string parPic, System.Drawing.Rectangle searchRect, byte errorRange=8, double matchRate = 0.9)
12         {
13             //同一个区域找到多个相同的图片
14             List<NumBody> ListBody = new List<NumBody>();
15             foreach (var item in numDic)
16             {
17                 var listPoint = FindText(item.Value, parPic, searchRect, errorRange, matchRate, true);
18                 foreach (var point in listPoint)
19                 {
20                     ListBody.Add(new NumBody() { num = item.Key,matchNum=point.matchNum,matchSum=point.matchSum, matchRate=point.matchRate, point = point.point, bodyCollectionPoint = point.bodyCollectionPoint });
21                 }
22             }
23 
24             SearchNumbersByMatchNum(ref ListBody);
25             var myList = from body in ListBody orderby body.point.X ascending select body;
26             string number = "0";
27             foreach (var item in myList)
28             {
29                 number += item.num;
30             }
31             int num = Int32.Parse(number);
32             return num;
33         }
34        /// <summary>
35        /// 搜索同一个数字的时候，出现重叠的地方，用匹配度去过滤掉匹配度低的
36        /// 比如同样是1，在控制匹配度允许下，一个（83,95）和（84,95）这两个点明显是同一个数字
37        /// 此时谁的匹配度低过滤掉谁
38        /// </summary>
39        /// <param name="ListBody"></param>
40         void SearchNumbersByMatchNum(ref List<NumBody> ListBody)
41         {
42             bool isValid = true;
43             for (int i = 0; i < ListBody.Count; i++)
44             {
45                 var body = ListBody[i];
46                 
47                 for (int j = i; j < ListBody.Count; j++)
48                 {
49 
50                     var bodyX = ListBody[j];
51                     if (!bodyX.Equals(body))
52                     {
53                         int sameNum = 0;
54                         foreach (var item in body.bodyCollectionPoint)
55                         {
56                             if (bodyX.bodyCollectionPoint.Contains(item))
57                             {
58                                 sameNum++;
59                             }
60                         }
61                         if (sameNum >= 1)//有1个以上点重合，表面图像重叠，删除像素点数少的图像
62                         {
63                             isValid = false;
64 
65                             //如果某个数字100%匹配，那就不用比较了，这个数字肯定是对的
66                             double maxRate = 1;
67                             if (bodyX.matchRate >= maxRate)
68                             {
69                                 ListBody.Remove(body);
70                             }
71                             else if (body.matchRate>=maxRate)
72                             {
73                                 ListBody.Remove(bodyX);
74                             }
75                             else
76                             {
77                                 if (bodyX.matchNum >= body.matchNum)//图像包含的所有像素个数
78                                 {
79                                     ListBody.Remove(body);
80                                 }
81                                 else
82                                 {
83                                     ListBody.Remove(bodyX);
84                                 }
85                             }
86                             SearchNumbersByMatchNum(ref ListBody);
87                         }
88                     }
89                 }
90             }
91             if (isValid)
92             {
93                 return;
94             }
95         }
96 
97         #endregion

 

其他方法：

 

 1    bool ColorAEqualColorB(System.Drawing.Color colorA, System.Drawing.Color colorB, byte errorRange = 10)
 2         {
 3             return colorA.A <= colorB.A + errorRange && colorA.A >= colorB.A - errorRange &&
 4                 colorA.R <= colorB.R + errorRange && colorA.R >= colorB.R - errorRange &&
 5                 colorA.G <= colorB.G + errorRange && colorA.G >= colorB.G - errorRange &&
 6                 colorA.B <= colorB.B + errorRange && colorA.B >= colorB.B - errorRange;
 7           
 8         }
 9         bool ListContainsPoint(List<System.Drawing.Point> listPoint, System.Drawing.Point point, double errorRange = 10)
10         {
11             bool isExist = false;
12             foreach (var item in listPoint)
13             {
14                 if (item.X <= point.X + errorRange && item.X >= point.X - errorRange && item.Y <= point.Y + errorRange && item.Y >= point.Y - errorRange)
15                 {
16                     isExist = true;
17                 }
18             }
19             return isExist;
20         }
21         bool ListTextBodyContainsPoint(List<NumBody> listPoint, System.Drawing.Point point, double errorRange = 10)
22         {
23             bool isExist = false;
24             foreach (var item in listPoint)
25             {
26 
27                 if (item.point.X <= point.X + errorRange && item.point.X >= point.X - errorRange && item.point.Y <= point.Y + errorRange && item.point.Y >= point.Y - errorRange)
28                 {
29                     isExist = true;
30                 }
31             }
32             return isExist;
33         }

 

结束语：以上代码本人实现了找颜色，找图片，找文字，找数字的所有功能，希望对朋友们能有所帮助。