大数据量EXCEL处理

excel2007文件格式与之前版本不同，之前版本采用的是微软自己的存储格式。07版内容的存储采用XML格式，所以，理所当然的，对大数据量的 xlsx文件的读取采用的也是XML的处理方式SAX。

同之前的版本一样，大数据量文件的读取采用的是事件模型eventusermodel。usermodel模式需要将文件一次性全部读到内存中，07版的既然采用的存储模式是xml，解析用的DOM方式也是如此，这种模式操作简单，容易上手，但是对于大量数据占用的内存也是相当可观，在Eclipse中经常出现内存溢出。

下面就是采用eventusermodel对07excel文件读取。

同上篇，我将当前行的单元格数据存储到List中，抽象出 optRows 方法，该方法会在每行末尾时调用，方法参数为当前行索引curRow(int型)及存有行内单元格数据的List。继承类只需实现该行级方法即可。



经测试，对12万条数据，7M大小的文件也能正常运行。无需设置vm的内存空间。



excel读取采用的API为POI3.6，使用前先下载此包，若运行中出现其他依赖包不存在，请下载相应依赖包。



抽象类：XxlsAbstract ，作用：遍历excel文件，提供行级操作方法 optRows

package com.gaosheng.util.xls;

import java.io.InputStream;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;

import org.apache.poi.xssf.eventusermodel.XSSFReader;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.model.SharedStringsTable;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFRichTextString;
import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.opc.OPCPackage;
import org.xml.sax.Attributes;
import org.xml.sax.InputSource;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
import org.xml.sax.XMLReader;
import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler;
import org.xml.sax.helpers.XMLReaderFactory;

/**
* XSSF and SAX (Event API)
*/
public abstract class XxlsAbstract extends DefaultHandler {
private SharedStringsTable sst;
private String lastContents;
private boolean nextIsString;

private int sheetIndex = -1;
private List<String> rowlist = new ArrayList<String>();
private int curRow = 0;
private int curCol = 0;

//excel记录行操作方法，以行索引和行元素列表为参数，对一行元素进行操作，元素为String类型
// public abstract void optRows(int curRow, List<String> rowlist) throws SQLException ;

//excel记录行操作方法，以sheet索引，行索引和行元素列表为参数，对sheet的一行元素进行操作，元素为String类型
public abstract void optRows(int sheetIndex,int curRow, List<String> rowlist) throws SQLException;

//只遍历一个sheet，其中sheetId为要遍历的sheet索引，从1开始，1-3
public void processOneSheet(String filename,int sheetId) throws Exception {
OPCPackage pkg = OPCPackage.open(filename);
XSSFReader r = new XSSFReader(pkg);
SharedStringsTable sst = r.getSharedStringsTable();

XMLReader parser = fetchSheetParser(sst);

// rId2 found by processing the Workbook
// 根据 rId# 或 rSheet# 查找sheet
InputStream sheet2 = r.getSheet("rId"+sheetId);
sheetIndex++;
InputSource sheetSource = new InputSource(sheet2);
parser.parse(sheetSource);
sheet2.close();
}

/**
* 遍历 excel 文件
*/
public void process(String filename) throws Exception {
OPCPackage pkg = OPCPackage.open(filename);
XSSFReader r = new XSSFReader(pkg);
SharedStringsTable sst = r.getSharedStringsTable();

XMLReader parser = fetchSheetParser(sst);

Iterator<InputStream> sheets = r.getSheetsData();
while (sheets.hasNext()) {
curRow = 0;
sheetIndex++;
InputStream sheet = sheets.next();
InputSource sheetSource = new InputSource(sheet);
parser.parse(sheetSource);
sheet.close();
}
}

public XMLReader fetchSheetParser(SharedStringsTable sst)
throws SAXException {
XMLReader parser = XMLReaderFactory
.createXMLReader("org.apache.xerces.parsers.SAXParser");
this.sst = sst;
parser.setContentHandler(this);
return parser;
}

public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String name,
Attributes attributes) throws SAXException {
// c => 单元格
if (name.equals("c")) {
// 如果下一个元素是 SST 的索引，则将nextIsString标记为true
String cellType = attributes.getValue("t");
if (cellType != null && cellType.equals("s")) {
nextIsString = true;
} else {
nextIsString = false;
}
}
// 置空
lastContents = "";
}

public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String name)
throws SAXException {
// 根据SST的索引值的到单元格的真正要存储的字符串
// 这时characters()方法可能会被调用多次
if (nextIsString) {
try {
int idx = Integer.parseInt(lastContents);
lastContents = new XSSFRichTextString(sst.getEntryAt(idx))
.toString();
} catch (Exception e) {

}
}

// v => 单元格的值，如果单元格是字符串则v标签的值为该字符串在SST中的索引
// 将单元格内容加入rowlist中，在这之前先去掉字符串前后的空白符
if (name.equals("v")) {
String value = lastContents.trim();
value = value.equals("")?" ":value;
rowlist.add(curCol, value);
curCol++;
}else {
//如果标签名称为 row ，这说明已到行尾，调用 optRows() 方法
if (name.equals("row")) {
try {
optRows(sheetIndex,curRow,rowlist);
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
rowlist.clear();
curRow++;
curCol = 0;
}
}
}

public void characters(char[] ch, int start, int length)
throws SAXException {
//得到单元格内容的值
lastContents += new String(ch, start, length);
}
}

package com.gaosheng.util.xls;

import java.io.InputStream;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;

import org.apache.poi.xssf.eventusermodel.XSSFReader;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.model.SharedStringsTable;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFRichTextString;
import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.opc.OPCPackage;
import org.xml.sax.Attributes;
import org.xml.sax.InputSource;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
import org.xml.sax.XMLReader;
import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler;
import org.xml.sax.helpers.XMLReaderFactory;

/**
* XSSF and SAX (Event API)
*/
public abstract class XxlsAbstract extends DefaultHandler {
private SharedStringsTable sst;
private String lastContents;
private boolean nextIsString;

private int sheetIndex = -1;
private List<String> rowlist = new ArrayList<String>();
private int curRow = 0;
private int curCol = 0;

//excel记录行操作方法，以行索引和行元素列表为参数，对一行元素进行操作，元素为String类型
// public abstract void optRows(int curRow, List<String> rowlist) throws SQLException ;

//excel记录行操作方法，以sheet索引，行索引和行元素列表为参数，对sheet的一行元素进行操作，元素为String类型
public abstract void optRows(int sheetIndex,int curRow, List<String> rowlist) throws SQLException;

//只遍历一个sheet，其中sheetId为要遍历的sheet索引，从1开始，1-3
public void processOneSheet(String filename,int sheetId) throws Exception {
OPCPackage pkg = OPCPackage.open(filename);
XSSFReader r = new XSSFReader(pkg);
SharedStringsTable sst = r.getSharedStringsTable();

XMLReader parser = fetchSheetParser(sst);

// rId2 found by processing the Workbook
// 根据 rId# 或 rSheet# 查找sheet
InputStream sheet2 = r.getSheet("rId"+sheetId);
sheetIndex++;
InputSource sheetSource = new InputSource(sheet2);
parser.parse(sheetSource);
sheet2.close();
}

/**
* 遍历 excel 文件
*/
public void process(String filename) throws Exception {
OPCPackage pkg = OPCPackage.open(filename);
XSSFReader r = new XSSFReader(pkg);
SharedStringsTable sst = r.getSharedStringsTable();

XMLReader parser = fetchSheetParser(sst);

Iterator<InputStream> sheets = r.getSheetsData();
while (sheets.hasNext()) {
curRow = 0;
sheetIndex++;
InputStream sheet = sheets.next();
InputSource sheetSource = new InputSource(sheet);
parser.parse(sheetSource);
sheet.close();
}
}

public XMLReader fetchSheetParser(SharedStringsTable sst)
throws SAXException {
XMLReader parser = XMLReaderFactory
.createXMLReader("org.apache.xerces.parsers.SAXParser");
this.sst = sst;
parser.setContentHandler(this);
return parser;
}

public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String name,
Attributes attributes) throws SAXException {
// c => 单元格
if (name.equals("c")) {
// 如果下一个元素是 SST 的索引，则将nextIsString标记为true
String cellType = attributes.getValue("t");
if (cellType != null && cellType.equals("s")) {
nextIsString = true;
} else {
nextIsString = false;
}
}
// 置空
lastContents = "";
}

public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String name)
throws SAXException {
// 根据SST的索引值的到单元格的真正要存储的字符串
// 这时characters()方法可能会被调用多次
if (nextIsString) {
try {
int idx = Integer.parseInt(lastContents);
lastContents = new XSSFRichTextString(sst.getEntryAt(idx))
.toString();
} catch (Exception e) {

}
}

// v => 单元格的值，如果单元格是字符串则v标签的值为该字符串在SST中的索引
// 将单元格内容加入rowlist中，在这之前先去掉字符串前后的空白符
if (name.equals("v")) {
String value = lastContents.trim();
value = value.equals("")?" ":value;
rowlist.add(curCol, value);
curCol++;
}else {
//如果标签名称为 row ，这说明已到行尾，调用 optRows() 方法
if (name.equals("row")) {
try {
optRows(sheetIndex,curRow,rowlist);
} catch (SQLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
rowlist.clear();
curRow++;
curCol = 0;
}
}
}

public void characters(char[] ch, int start, int length)
throws SAXException {
//得到单元格内容的值
lastContents += new String(ch, start, length);
}
}

继承类：XxlsBig，作用：将数据转出到数据库临时表

Java代码
package com.gaosheng.util.examples.xls;

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Properties;

import com.gaosheng.util.xls.XxlsAbstract;

public class XxlsBig extends XxlsAbstract {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
XxlsBig howto = new XxlsBig("temp_table");
howto.processOneSheet("F:/new.xlsx",1);
howto.process("F:/new.xlsx");
howto.close();
}

public XxlsBig(String tableName) throws SQLException{
this.conn = getNew_Conn();
this.statement = conn.createStatement();
this.tableName = tableName;
}

private Connection conn = null;
private Statement statement = null;
private PreparedStatement newStatement = null;

private String tableName = "temp_table";
private boolean create = true;

public void optRows(int sheetIndex,int curRow, List<String> rowlist) throws SQLException {
if (sheetIndex == 0 && curRow == 0) {
StringBuffer preSql = new StringBuffer("insert into " + tableName
+ " values(");
StringBuffer table = new StringBuffer("create table " + tableName
+ "(");
int c = rowlist.size();
for (int i = 0; i < c; i++) {
preSql.append("?,");
table.append(rowlist.get(i));
table.append(" varchar2(100) ,");
}

table.deleteCharAt(table.length() - 1);
preSql.deleteCharAt(preSql.length() - 1);
table.append(")");
preSql.append(")");
if (create) {
statement = conn.createStatement();
try{
statement.execute("drop table "+tableName);
}catch(Exception e){

}finally{
System.out.println("表 "+tableName+" 删除成功");
}
if (!statement.execute(table.toString())) {
System.out.println("创建表 "+tableName+" 成功");
// return;
} else {
System.out.println("创建表 "+tableName+" 失败");
return;
}
}
conn.setAutoCommit(false);
newStatement = conn.prepareStatement(preSql.toString());

} else if(curRow>0) {
// 一般行
int col = rowlist.size();
for (int i = 0; i < col; i++) {
newStatement.setString(i + 1, rowlist.get(i).toString());
}
newStatement.addBatch();
if (curRow % 1000 == 0) {
newStatement.executeBatch();
conn.commit();
}
}
}

private static Connection getNew_Conn() {
Connection conn = null;
Properties props = new Properties();
FileInputStream fis = null;

try {
fis = new FileInputStream("D:/database.properties");
props.load(fis);
DriverManager.registerDriver(new oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver());
// String jdbcURLString =
// "jdbc:oracle:thin:@192.168.0.28:1521:orcl";
StringBuffer jdbcURLString = new StringBuffer();
jdbcURLString.append("jdbc:oracle:thin:@");
jdbcURLString.append(props.getProperty("host"));
jdbcURLString.append(":");
jdbcURLString.append(props.getProperty("port"));
jdbcURLString.append(":");
jdbcURLString.append(props.getProperty("database"));
conn = DriverManager.getConnection(jdbcURLString.toString(), props
.getProperty("user"), props.getProperty("password"));
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
fis.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return conn;
}

public int close() {
try {
newStatement.executeBatch();
conn.commit();
System.out.println("数据写入完毕");
this.newStatement.close();
this.statement.close();
this.conn.close();
return 1;
} catch (SQLException e) {
return 0;
}
}
}

package com.gaosheng.util.examples.xls;

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Properties;

import com.gaosheng.util.xls.XxlsAbstract;

public class XxlsBig extends XxlsAbstract {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
XxlsBig howto = new XxlsBig("temp_table");
howto.processOneSheet("F:/new.xlsx",1);
howto.process("F:/new.xlsx");
howto.close();
}

public XxlsBig(String tableName) throws SQLException{
this.conn = getNew_Conn();
this.statement = conn.createStatement();
this.tableName = tableName;
}

private Connection conn = null;
private Statement statement = null;
private PreparedStatement newStatement = null;

private String tableName = "temp_table";
private boolean create = true;

public void optRows(int sheetIndex,int curRow, List<String> rowlist) throws SQLException {
if (sheetIndex == 0 && curRow == 0) {
StringBuffer preSql = new StringBuffer("insert into " + tableName
+ " values(");
StringBuffer table = new StringBuffer("create table " + tableName
+ "(");
int c = rowlist.size();
for (int i = 0; i < c; i++) {
preSql.append("?,");
table.append(rowlist.get(i));
table.append(" varchar2(100) ,");
}

table.deleteCharAt(table.length() - 1);
preSql.deleteCharAt(preSql.length() - 1);
table.append(")");
preSql.append(")");
if (create) {
statement = conn.createStatement();
try{
statement.execute("drop table "+tableName);
}catch(Exception e){

}finally{
System.out.println("表 "+tableName+" 删除成功");
}
if (!statement.execute(table.toString())) {
System.out.println("创建表 "+tableName+" 成功");
// return;
} else {
System.out.println("创建表 "+tableName+" 失败");
return;
}
}
conn.setAutoCommit(false);
newStatement = conn.prepareStatement(preSql.toString());

} else if(curRow>0) {
// 一般行
int col = rowlist.size();
for (int i = 0; i < col; i++) {
newStatement.setString(i + 1, rowlist.get(i).toString());
}
newStatement.addBatch();
if (curRow % 1000 == 0) {
newStatement.executeBatch();
conn.commit();
}
}
}

private static Connection getNew_Conn() {
Connection conn = null;
Properties props = new Properties();
FileInputStream fis = null;

try {
fis = new FileInputStream("D:/database.properties");
props.load(fis);
DriverManager.registerDriver(new oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver());
// String jdbcURLString =
// "jdbc:oracle:thin:@192.168.0.28:1521:orcl";
StringBuffer jdbcURLString = new StringBuffer();
jdbcURLString.append("jdbc:oracle:thin:@");
jdbcURLString.append(props.getProperty("host"));
jdbcURLString.append(":");
jdbcURLString.append(props.getProperty("port"));
jdbcURLString.append(":");
jdbcURLString.append(props.getProperty("database"));
conn = DriverManager.getConnection(jdbcURLString.toString(), props
.getProperty("user"), props.getProperty("password"));
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
fis.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return conn;
}

public int close() {
try {
newStatement.executeBatch();
conn.commit();
System.out.println("数据写入完毕");
this.newStatement.close();
this.statement.close();
this.conn.close();
return 1;
} catch (SQLException e) {
return 0;
}
}
}
继承类：XxlsPrint，作用：将数据输出到控制台

Java代码
package com.gaosheng.util.examples.xls;

import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.List;

import com.gaosheng.util.xls.XxlsAbstract;

public class XxlsPrint extends XxlsAbstract {

@Override
public void optRows(int sheetIndex,int curRow, List<String> rowlist) throws SQLException {
for (int i = 0; i < rowlist.size(); i++) {
System.out.print("'" + rowlist.get(i) + "',");
}
System.out.println();
}

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
XxlsPrint howto = new XxlsPrint();
howto.processOneSheet("F:/new.xlsx",1);
// howto.processAllSheets("F:/new.xlsx");
}
}


源代码在附件中，还包含了说明文件、数据库配置文件、以及整合xls文件和xlsx文件读取的类：Xls2Do。