Linux lvm分区扩容/ gparted 扩容

风.foxwho

已于 2023-07-03 10:27:35 修改

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分类专栏：系统|服务器|平台文章标签： linux centos 运维

于 2021-12-28 12:20:55 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/fenglailea/article/details/122190207

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环境说明

已知 pv 空间剩余大小 13.27t没有分配，把剩余空间分配到根目录的lv分区上

查看分区

df -lh

文件系统                 容量  已用  可用 已用% 挂载点
devtmpfs                  16G     0   16G    0% /dev
tmpfs                     16G     0   16G    0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                     16G   27M   16G    1% /run
tmpfs                     16G     0   16G    0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-root  1.3T   15G  1.3T    2% /
/dev/sda2               1016M  207M  809M   21% /boot
tmpfs                    3.2G   48K  3.2G    1% /run/user/1000
tmpfs                    3.2G     0  3.2G    0% /run/user/0

得出根目录分区在 centos-root上

查看物理卷，卷组等信息

pvs

输出

  PV         VG     Fmt  Attr PSize  PFree  
  /dev/sda3  centos lvm2 a--  14.55t <13.27t

PV,PV是第一块硬盘第5个分区/dev/sda3
VG,vg的名字=centos
PSize,vg的容量大小约=14.55t
PFree，剩余空间大小=13.27t ，如果是0，需要扩充硬盘转换成PV，再由PV转换到VG

查看相关卷组信息

vgs

输出

 VG     #PV #LV #SN Attr   VSize  VFree  
  centos   1   2   0 wz--n- 14.55t <13.27t

显示逻辑卷属性

lvdisplay

输出

  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/centos/root
  LV Name                root
  VG Name                centos
  LV UUID                UeVKLN-fH4G-qhZv-dK1x-gXl5-l8dJ-793u00
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time localhost, 2021-11-20 14:59:15 +0800
  LV Status              available
  # open                 1
  LV Size                <1.27 TiB
  Current LE             332800
  Segments               2
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     256
  Block device           253:0
   
  --- Logical volume ---
  LV Path                /dev/centos/swap
  LV Name                swap
  VG Name                centos
  LV UUID                3OYh9F-Sr7M-AVk5-uw5c-Hepo-0JaI-geZZ6D
  LV Write Access        read/write
  LV Creation host, time localhost, 2021-11-20 14:59:25 +0800
  LV Status              available
  # open                 2
  LV Size                15.56 GiB
  Current LE             3984
  Segments               1
  Allocation             inherit
  Read ahead sectors     auto
  - currently set to     256
  Block device           253:1

可以得出需要扩容的lv分区是 /dev/centos/root

扩容

# 全部扩容到 指定分区
lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/centos/root

#扩容 1T
lvextend -L +1T /dev/centos/root
#扩容 1000G
lvextend -L +1000G /dev/centos/root
#扩容 100M
lvextend -L +100M /dev/centos/root

查看扩容结果

lsblk -f

输出

NAME            FSTYPE MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda                    8:0    0 14.6T  0 disk 
├─sda1                 8:1    0    1M  0 part 
├─sda2                 8:2    0    1G  0 part /boot
└─sda3                 8:3    0 14.6T  0 part 
  ├─centos-root ext4  253:0    0 14.6T  0 lvm  /
  └─centos-swap       253:1    0 15.6G  0 lvm  [SWAP]

同步文件系统,结束后完成现有分区的扩容

xfs 分区用

xfs_growfs /dev/centos/root

ext4 分区用

resize2fs /dev/centos/root

最后 df -lh 查看系统分区以扩容

其他分区加入逻辑卷

目的把 sda4 的扩容到 ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv中

lsblk -f

输出

NAME                      FSTYPE      LABEL UUID                                   FSAVAIL FSUSE% MOUNTPOINT
sda                                                                                               
├─sda1                                                                                            
├─sda2                    ext4              b404e857-1bfa-46c3-a308-9774ef8f2fb9      1.1G    21% /boot
├─sda3                    LVM2_member       6U5RAr-218T-RrDd-PRo7-118x-Bs85-wUMfBJ                
│ └─ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv ext4              62a0b924-6149-4ed0-be85-cc0ed7f41e4c      8.9G    86% /
└─sda4

创建物理卷

pvcreate /dev/sda4

输出

Physical volume "/dev/sda4" successfully created.

查看物理卷情况

pvdisplay

输出

  --- Physical volume ---
  PV Name               /dev/sda3
  VG Name               ubuntu-vg
  PV Size               <98.50 GiB / not usable 0   
  Allocatable           yes (but full)
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              25215
  Free PE               0
  Allocated PE          25215
  PV UUID               6U5RAr-218T-RrDd-PRo7-118x-Bs85-wUMfBJ
   
  "/dev/sda4" is a new physical volume of "100.00 GiB"
  --- NEW Physical volume ---
  PV Name               /dev/sda4
  VG Name               
  PV Size               100.00 GiB
  Allocatable           NO
  PE Size               0   
  Total PE              0
  Free PE               0
  Allocated PE          0
  PV UUID               gW3jl6-EW3E-dLr9-sd1V-Xgeb-Kt1s-YKiGtm

将物理卷pv加入卷组vg

查看 vg 卷组

vgdisplay

输出

 --- Volume group ---
  VG Name               ubuntu-vg
  System ID             
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        1
  Metadata Sequence No  3
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                1
  Open LV               1
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                1
  Act PV                1
  VG Size               <98.50 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              25215
  Alloc PE / Size       25215 / <98.50 GiB
  Free  PE / Size       0 / 0   
  VG UUID               FuAQGT-03ju-10de-7h5L-abp8-lyj1-1SE2eY

将新分区 /dev/sda4 加入到卷组中ubuntu-vg

vgextend ubuntu-vg /dev/sda4
#输出
 Volume group "ubuntu-vg" successfully extended

查看vg卷组，主要看结果Free PE / Size 这一行，空闲的空间

vgdisplay

输出

--- Volume group ---
  VG Name               ubuntu-vg
  System ID             
  Format                lvm2
  Metadata Areas        2
  Metadata Sequence No  4
  VG Access             read/write
  VG Status             resizable
  MAX LV                0
  Cur LV                1
  Open LV               1
  Max PV                0
  Cur PV                2
  Act PV                2
  VG Size               198.49 GiB
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              50814
  Alloc PE / Size       25215 / <98.50 GiB
  Free  PE / Size       25599 / <100.00 GiB
  VG UUID               FuAQGT-03ju-10de-7h5L-abp8-lyj1-1SE2eY

扩容逻辑卷

# 全部扩容到 指定分区
lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv

#输出
  Size of logical volume ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv changed from <98.50 GiB (25215 extents) to 198.49 GiB (50814 extents).
  Logical volume ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv successfully resized.

/dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv 如何得到，用df -h 命令

查看扩容结果

lsblk -f

输出

NAME                      FSTYPE      LABEL UUID                                   FSAVAIL FSUSE% MOUNTPOINT
sda                                                                                               
├─sda1                                                                                            
├─sda2                    ext4              b404e857-1bfa-46c3-a308-9774ef8f2fb9      1.1G    21% /boot
├─sda3                    LVM2_member       6U5RAr-218T-RrDd-PRo7-118x-Bs85-wUMfBJ                
│ └─ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv ext4              62a0b924-6149-4ed0-be85-cc0ed7f41e4c      5.2G    90% /
└─sda4                    LVM2_member       gW3jl6-EW3E-dLr9-sd1V-Xgeb-Kt1s-YKiGtm                
  └─ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv ext4              62a0b924-6149-4ed0-be85-cc0ed7f41e4c      5.2G    90% /

同步文件系统,结束后完成现有分区的扩容

xfs 分区用

xfs_growfs /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv

ext4 分区用

resize2fs /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv

最后 df -lh 查看系统分区以扩容

如果不是 lvm分区，可以用 gparted 界面化扩容

sudo apt install gparted
或
sudo yum install gparted

启动

sudo gparted