一步一步粗谈linux文件系统（一）----start_kernel

关于文件系统，这确实是个大工程，前面对ramfs中的read，write之类的进行了，极为简略的分析，还是有点诚惶诚恐，觉得有必要再进行一次更为深入的分析。

好了，那就从最原始的start_kernel开始。（手上代码为2.6.19mips内核）

vfs_caches_init_early 
	void __init vfs_caches_init_early(void)
	{
		dcache_init_early();
		inode_init_early();
	}

这个代码的作用是 dentry_hashtable [] 和 inode_hashtable [] 初始化。

接下来是最最重要的vfs_caches_init

void __init vfs_caches_init(unsigned long mempages)
{
	unsigned long reserve;

	/* Base hash sizes on available memory, with a reserve equal to
           150% of current kernel size */

	reserve = min((mempages - nr_free_pages()) * 3/2, mempages - 1);
	mempages -= reserve;

	names_cachep = kmem_cache_create("names_cache", PATH_MAX, 0,
			SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN|SLAB_PANIC, NULL, NULL);

	filp_cachep = kmem_cache_create("filp", sizeof(struct file), 0,
			SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN|SLAB_PANIC, NULL, NULL);

	dcache_init(mempages);	//dentry_cache初始化
	inode_init(mempages);	//inode
	files_init(mempages);	//file,包括max和fdt
	mnt_init(mempages);	//sysfs 、rootfs初始化
	bdev_cache_init();	//块设备描述符
	chrdev_init();	//字符设备描述符
}

dcache_init     初始化dentry_cache,dentry_hashtable[]

inode_init        初始化indoe_cache，inode_hashtable[]

files_init          初始化fdtable_defer_list，files_stat.max_files

mnt_init         重头戏，这里初始化了sysfs和vfs

void __init mnt_init(unsigned long mempages)
{
	struct list_head *d;
	unsigned int nr_hash;
	int i;
	int err;

	init_rwsem(&namespace_sem);

	mnt_cache = kmem_cache_create("mnt_cache", sizeof(struct vfsmount),
			0, SLAB_HWCACHE_ALIGN | SLAB_PANIC, NULL, NULL);

	mount_hashtable = (struct list_head *)__get_free_page(GFP_ATOMIC);

	if (!mount_hashtable)
		panic("Failed to allocate mount hash table\n");

	/*
	 * Find the power-of-two list-heads that can fit into the allocation..
	 * We don't guarantee that "sizeof(struct list_head)" is necessarily
	 * a power-of-two.
	 */
	nr_hash = PAGE_SIZE / sizeof(struct list_head);
	hash_bits = 0;
	do {
		hash_bits++;
	} while ((nr_hash >> hash_bits) != 0);
	hash_bits--;//有多少位

	/*
	 * Re-calculate the actual number of entries and the mask
	 * from the number of bits we can fit.
	 */
	nr_hash = 1UL << hash_bits;	//对齐，大小可以被一页整除
	hash_mask = nr_hash - 1;

	printk("Mount-cache hash table entries: %d\n", nr_hash);

	/* And initialize the newly allocated array */
	d = mount_hashtable;
	i = nr_hash;
	do {
		INIT_LIST_HEAD(d);
		d++;
		i--;
	} while (i);	//初始化一页中所有的链表，所有的mount_hashtable
	err = sysfs_init();		//初始化sysfs，sysmount这个全局参数
	if (err)
		printk(KERN_WARNING "%s: sysfs_init error: %d\n",
			__FUNCTION__, err);
	err = subsystem_register(&fs_subsys);	//sys/fs，注册子系统
	if (err)
		printk(KERN_WARNING "%s: subsystem_register error: %d\n",
			__FUNCTION__, err);
	init_rootfs();		//注册rootfs文件系统,rootfs注册至file_systems
	init_mount_tree();	//初始化rootfs,其实就是vfs
}