android应用开发学习笔记－BroadcastReceiver

android应用开发学习笔记－BroadcastReceiver

最近对android四大组件之一的Broadcast Receiver进行了简单学习，下面结合demo对该组件的基本用法做小结如下：

/*发送demo*/
// MainActivity.java

package com.example.rlight.broadcastsender;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        Button mBtnSender = (Button)findViewById(R.id.btn_sender);
        mBtnSender.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                //自定义action
                String actionStr = "MY_BROADCAST";
                Intent intent = new Intent();
                intent.setAction(actionStr);
                //发送广播
                sendBroadcast(intent);
            }
        });
    }
}

/*
接收demo.接受到所注册广播后，弹toast并启动另外一个activity。
*/
// MyBroadCastReceiver.java

package com.example.rlight.broadcasttest;

import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.widget.Toast;

public class MyBroadCastReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver {

    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        Toast.makeText(context,"get msg from broadcast!",Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
        Intent myIntent = new Intent(context,MyMainActivity.class);
        myIntent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
        context.startActivity(myIntent);
    }
}


// MyMainActivity.java

package com.example.rlight.broadcasttest;

import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;

public class MyMainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_my_main);
    }
}

// AndroidManifest.xml

<receiver android:name=".MyBroadCastReceiver">
            <intent-filter android:priority="50">
                <action android:name="MY_BROADCAST"/>
            </intent-filter>
</receiver>

注意：调用context.startActivity时需要新开一个Task，即先调用addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
在Activity中调用startActivity()时不用addFlags，原因参见Activity.java中相关实现，如下：

/**
     * Launch a new activity.  You will not receive any information about when
     * the activity exits.  This implementation overrides the base version,
     * providing information about
     * the activity performing the launch.  Because of this additional
     * information, the {@link Intent#FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK} launch flag is not
     * required; if not specified, the new activity will be added to the
     * task of the caller.
     *
     * <p>This method throws {@link android.content.ActivityNotFoundException}
     * if there was no Activity found to run the given Intent.
     *
     * @param intent The intent to start.
     * @param options Additional options for how the Activity should be started.
     * See {@link android.content.Context#startActivity(Intent, Bundle)
     * Context.startActivity(Intent, Bundle)} for more details.
     *
     * @throws android.content.ActivityNotFoundException
     *
     * @see {@link #startActivity(Intent)}
     * @see #startActivityForResult
     */
    @Override
    public void startActivity(Intent intent, @Nullable Bundle options) {
        if (options != null) {
            startActivityForResult(intent, -1, options);
        } else {
            // Note we want to go through this call for compatibility with
            // applications that may have overridden the method.
            startActivityForResult(intent, -1);
        }
    }

更多细节分析可以参考链接：
http://blog.csdn.net/luoshengyang/article/details/6703247

优先级及广播劫持：

通过对优先级的设置，可以实现对sendOrderedBroadcast广播方式所发广播的劫持，实例如下：

//MyBroadcastReceiver2.java
package com.example.rlight.mybroadcastreceiver2;

import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.widget.Toast;

/**
 * 描述
 *
 * @author xxx
 * @date 2016/9/18
 */
public class MyBroadcastReceiver2 extends BroadcastReceiver {
    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        Toast.makeText(context,"[MyBroadcastReceiver2] get msg from broadcast!",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        abortBroadcast();
    }
}

// AndroidManifest.xml
<receiver android:name=".MyBroadcastReceiver2">
            <intent-filter android:priority="100">
                <action android:name="MY_BROADCAST">
                </action>
            </intent-filter>
        </receiver>

更详细总结可参考：http://www.cnblogs.com/lwbqqyumidi/p/4168017.html
下面以拦截短信为例：

//  AndroidManifest.xml
 <receiver android:name=".MyBroadcastReceiver2">
            <intent-filter android:priority="1000">
                <action android:name="MY_BROADCAST">
                </action>
            </intent-filter>
            <intent-filter android:priority="1000">
                <action android:name="android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED">
                </action>
            </intent-filter>
        </receiver>
    </application>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SEND_SMS"></uses-permission>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS"></uses-permission>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_SMS"></uses-permission>

在4.4及后续版本不支持通过abortBroadcast实现短信拦截：http://blog.csdn.net/l173864930/article/details/17019615