Spring boot 使用 FreeMarker 发送邮件
前言
最近写一个项目,用到了邮件功能,就是当用户注册完毕,发送欢迎邮件。在网上找了几篇教程,踩了几个坑,最终实现了,于是乎记录下来,说不定以后用得到。
第一步,导入架包:
<!--邮件-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--freemarker<-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-freemarker</artifactId>
</dependency>
第二步:配置application.properties文件,
#qq邮箱
spring.mail.host=smtp.qq.com
spring.mail.username=xxxx@qq.com
spring.mail.password=授权码
spring.mail.port=465
spring.mail.properties.smtp.auth=true
spring.mail.properties.smtp.starttls.enable=true
spring.mail.properties.smtp.starttls.required=true
spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.ssl.enable=true
spring.freemarker.settings.classic_compatible=true
qq邮箱如何获取授权码,如下图,选择开启:
第三步:编写MailService接口,
import com.alvis.exam.domain.User;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component
public interface MailService {
void sendMessageMail(String title, String templateName, String toUser, User User);
}
第四步:编写MailServiceImpl代码
import com.alvis.exam.domain.User;
import com.alvis.exam.service.MailService;
import freemarker.template.Template;
import freemarker.template.TemplateException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.ui.freemarker.FreeMarkerTemplateUtils;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerConfigurer;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import java.time.LocalDate;
import java.time.LocalTime;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
@Service
public class MailServiceImpl implements MailService {
//邮件的发送者
@Value("${spring.mail.username}")
private String from;
//注入MailSender
@Autowired
private JavaMailSender javaMailSender;
//发送邮件的模板引擎
@Autowired
private FreeMarkerConfigurer freeMarkerConfigurer;
@Autowired
private MailService mailService;
@Override
public void sendMessageMail(String title, String templateName, String toUser, User user) {
try{
MimeMessage mimeMessage = javaMailSender.createMimeMessage();
MimeMessageHelper mimeMessageHelper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage,true);
mimeMessageHelper.setFrom(from);
mimeMessageHelper.setTo(InternetAddress.parse(toUser));//发送给谁
mimeMessageHelper.setSubject("【" + title + "-" + LocalDate.now() + " " + LocalTime.now().withNano(0) + "】");//邮件标题
Map<String,Object> model = new HashMap<>();
model.put("user",user);
try{
//获取模板文件名
Template template = freeMarkerConfigurer.getConfiguration().getTemplate(templateName);
try{
解析模板并替换动态数据。
String text = FreeMarkerTemplateUtils.processTemplateIntoString(template,model);
mimeMessageHelper.setText(text,true);
javaMailSender.send(mimeMessage);
}catch (TemplateException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}catch (MessagingException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
第五步:在需要的地方调用:
实现类需要传入的参数为:
String title, String templateName, String toUser, User user
在需要的地方调用,传入需要的参数就行了。
title:标题
templateName:模板文件名
toUser:发送给谁
user:实体类,在此我就不演示了。
mailService.sendMessageMail("欢迎注册在线考试系统","mail.html",user.getPhone(),user);
另附模板文件主要代码:
<span style="font-family: 'proxima_novathin', Helvetica; font-weight: normal;">尊敬的用户:${user.userName},您好! </span>
实现效果图: