copy自:swift2.0官方教程中文版---极客学院版
1.产生闭包之间的循环强引用
直接代码和上图:
class HTMLElement {
let name: String
let text: String?
lazy var asHTML: Void -> String = {
if let text = self.text {
return "<\(self.name)>\(text)</\(self.name)>"
} else {
return "<\(self.name) />"
}
}
init(name: String, text: String? = nil) {
self.name = name
self.text = text
}
deinit {
print("\(name) is being deinitialized")
}
}
var paragraph: HTMLElement? = HTMLElement(name: "p", text: "hello, world")
print(paragraph!.asHTML())
// prints"hello, world"
注意: 上面的 paragraph 变量定义为 可选HTMLElement ,因此我们可以赋值 nil 给它来演示循环强引用。2.解决 闭包之间的循环强引用
class HTMLElement {
let name: String
let text: String?
lazy var asHTML: Void -> String = {
[unowned self] in // 这里加上占有列表
if let text = self.text {
return "<\(self.name)>\(text)</\(self.name)>"
} else {
return "<\(self.name) />"
}
}
init(name: String, text: String? = nil) {
self.name = name
self.text = text
}
deinit {
print("\(name) is being deinitialized")
}
}
闭包内的捕获定义:
1.无主引用,在闭包和捕获的实例总是互相引用时并且总是同时销毁时
2.弱引用,在被捕获的引用可能会变为 nil 时
定义捕获列表
捕获列表中的每一项都由一对元素组成,一个元素是 weak 或 unowned 关键字,另一个元素是类实例的引用(如 self )或初始化过的变量(如 delegate = self.delegate! )。这些项在方括号中用逗号分开。
如果闭包有参数列表和返回类型,把捕获列表放在它们前面:
lazy var someClosure: (Int, String) -> String = {
[unowned self, weak delegate = self.delegate!] (index: Int, stringToProcess: String) -> String in
// closure body goes here
}
如果闭包没有指明参数列表或者返回类型,即它们会通过上下文推断,那么可以把捕获列表和关键字 in 放在闭包最开始的地方:
lazy var someClosure: Void -> String = {
[unowned self, weak delegate = self.delegate!] in
// closure body goes here
}