shell修改 主机IP 及 hostname

 hostname_ip_set.sh （Centos6）

1、自动判断IP是否合法

2、根据子网掩码位数自动计算网络掩码

#!/bin/bash
#Program:
#  修改网卡、修改IP地址  
#History:
#  楚枫默寒 2024/05/10

#定义的一些常量
HOST_NAME='/etc/sysconfig/network'
HOSTNAME=`hostname`
ETH0='/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0'
RULES='/etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules'
NET_HOSTNAME='/etc/hosts'
#克隆虚拟机后，获取MAC地址
A_MAC_eth0=`cat /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules | grep --color=auto 'eth0' | cut -d '"' -f 8`
A_MAC_Current=`ifconfig | grep --color=auto 'HWaddr' | cut -b 39-55`

#将MAC地址中的字母替换为小写
MAC_eth0=`tr '[A-Z]' '[a-z]' <<<"$A_MAC_eth0"`
MAC_Current=`tr '[A-Z]' '[a-z]' <<<"$A_MAC_Current"`

#打印获取到的MAC地址
echo "(1) Comparing MAC addresses"
echo $MAC_eth0
echo $MAC_Current

#检查MAC地址是否需要修改
if [ $MAC_eth0 == $MAC_Current ]; then
    echo "MAC address does not need to be modified!"
elif [ $MAC_eth0 != $MAC_Current ]; then
    echo "Please modify the MAC address to: ${MAC-Current}!"      
    echo "The areas that need to be modified include ${ETH0} and the MAC address of eth0 in ${RULES}!"
    #修改ifcfg-eth0中的MAC地址
    echo "Modify the MAC address in ifcfg eth0 to${MAC_Current}..."
    sed -i "2c HWADDR=${MAC_Current}" ${ETH0}
    #修改后的ifcfg-eth0
    cat ${ETH0} | grep --color=auto "HWADDR"
    echo "MAC address modification completed in ifcfg eth0!"
    #修改70-persistent-net.rules文件,将eth0的MAC地址改为eth1的
    #查看70-persistent-net.rules的信息
    #cat ${RULES} | grep --color=auto "eth0"
    echo "modify 70-persistent-net.rules file"
    sed -i '8,$c SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{address}=="'${MAC_Current}'", ATTR{type}=="1", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="eth0"' ${RULES}
    #cat ${RULES} | grep --color=auto "eth0"
fi

#修改IP地址
#首先读取ifcfg-eth0文件
echo "${ETH0}The content is as follows："
cat ${ETH0}

#修改IP地址
function check_ip() {
    local IP=$1
    VALID_CHECK=$(echo $IP|awk -F. '$1<=255&&$2<=255&&$3<=255&&$4<=255{print "yes"}')
    if echo $IP|grep -E "^[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}$" >/dev/null; then
        if [ $VALID_CHECK == "yes" ]; then
            return 0
        else
            echo "IP $IP not available!"
            return 1
        fi
    else
        echo "IP format error!"
        return 1
    fi
}

# 函数：计算子网掩码
# 参数：IP地址, 子网掩码的位数
calculate_subnet_mask() {
    local IP=$1
    local MASK_BITS=24

    # 计算掩码的整数表示
    local MASK_INT=0
    for i in $(seq 1 $MASK_BITS); do
        MASK_INT=$(($MASK_INT + 2**(32-$i)))
    done
 
    # 将掩码整数转换为点分十进制格式
    local MASK_DOTTED=$(printf "%d.%d.%d.%d" \
        $(($MASK_INT >> 24 & 255)) \
        $(($MASK_INT >> 16 & 255)) \
        $(($MASK_INT >> 8 & 255)) \
        $(($MASK_INT & 255)))
 
    echo $MASK_DOTTED
}

while true; do
    read -p "Enter IP address：" IP
    check_ip $IP
    read -p "Enter GATEWAY address：" GATE
    check_ip $GATE
    [ $? -eq 0 ] && break
done

MASKIP=$(calculate_subnet_mask $IP)

if [ ${IP} ]&&[ ${MASKIP} ]&&[ ${GATE} ];then
    N_IPADDR=`grep -R 'IPADDR='  ${ETH0}`
    N_NETMASK=`grep -R 'NETMASK='  ${ETH0}`
    N_GATEWAY=`grep -R 'GATEWAY='  ${ETH0}`
    sed -i "s@"$N_IPADDR"@IPADDR="$IP"@g" ${ETH0}
    sed -i "s@"$N_NETMASK"@NETMASK="$MASKIP"@g" ${ETH0}
    sed -i "s@"$N_GATEWAY"@GATEWAY="$GATE"@g" ${ETH0}
    echo "IP: $IP MASKIP: $MASKIP GATEWAY: $GATE"
    #重启网卡
    service network restart
else
    echo "IP is error"
fi

#cat ${ETH0}  
read -p "Network configuration completed，Do you want to restart(y/n):" yn
if [ "$yn" == "Y" ] || [ "$yn" == "y" ]; then
    echo "About to restart the system..."
    reboot
elif [ "$yn" == "N" ] || [ "$yn" == "n"  ]; then
    echo "After modifying the MAC address，Please manually restart the system..."
fi

#修改主机名
read -p "The current host name is${HOSTNAME},Do you want to modify it(y/n):" yn
if [ "$yn" == "Y" ] || [ "$yn" == "y" ]; then
    read -p "Please enter the host name：" hdp
    sed -i '/HOSTNAME=/d' ${HOST_NAME}
    echo "HOSTNAME="${hdp} >> ${HOST_NAME}
    sed -i "/$HOSTNAME/d"  ${NET_HOSTNAME}
    echo ${IP}"    "${hdp} >> ${NET_HOSTNAME}
read -p "Host name modification completed，Do you want to restart(y/n):" yn
    if [ "$yn" == "Y" ] || [ "$yn" == "y" ]; then
        echo "About to restart the system..."
        reboot
    elif [ "$yn" == "N" ] || [ "$yn" == "n"  ]; then
        echo "After modifying the host name, Please manually restart the system..."
    fi
fi

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