ServletContext的应用

项目结构

1、获取初始化参数

ServletDemo03类代码如下

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

public class ServletDemo03 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        ServletContext context = this.getServletContext();
        String url=context.getInitParameter("url");
        resp.getWriter().print(url);

    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        super.doPost(req, resp);
    }
}

 然后写web.xml配置文件

<!--  配置一些web应用初始化参数-->
  <context-param>
    <param-name>url</param-name>
    <param-value>jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306.mybatis</param-value>
  </context-param>

  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>gp</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com.red.servlet.ServletDemo03</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>gp</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/gp</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

运行

 2、请求转发

ServletDemo04类代码如下

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

public class ServletDemo04 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        ServletContext context = this.getServletContext();
        context.getRequestDispatcher("/gp").forward(req,resp);

    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        super.doPost(req, resp);
    }
}

继续写web.xml配置文件

  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>sd4</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com.red.servlet.ServletDemo04</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>sd4</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/sd4</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

运行tomcat

 此时状态码是200，说明不是重定向，而是转发了gp

4、读取资源文件

ServletDemo05类代码如下

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Properties;

public class ServletDemo05 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        InputStream is = this.getServletContext().getResourceAsStream("/WEB-INF/classes/com/red/servlet/aa.properties");

        Properties prop = new Properties();
        prop.load(is);
        String user = prop.getProperty("username");
        String pwd = prop.getProperty("password");
        resp.getWriter().print(user+":"+pwd);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        super.doPost(req, resp);
    }
}

 写aa.properties文件

 如果我们想要让java目录下的文件能够在target下出现，我们就要往pom文件添加下列代码

<build>
    <resources>
      <resource>
        <directory>src/main/java</directory>
        <includes>
          <include>**/*.properties</include>
          <include>**/*.xml</include>
        </includes>
        <filtering>true</filtering>
      </resource>
    </resources>
  </build>

 最后写映射文件

 <servlet>
    <servlet-name>sd5</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com.red.servlet.ServletDemo05</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>sd5</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/sd5</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

运行

参考视频：【狂神说Java】JavaWeb入门到实战