ServletContext应用

ServletContext

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一、共享数据

在一个Servlet中保存的数据，可以在另一个Servlet中拿到

1.设置数据

代码如下（示例）：

public class contextSet extends HttpServlet {
//    重写一下doGet和doSet
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException{
        ServletContext context = this.getServletContext();//创建ServletContext对象
        String name = "lili";
        context.setAttribute("username",name);//设置username的值为name的值
    }
    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

2.读取数据

代码如下（示例）：

public class contextGet extends HttpServlet {
    //读取contextSet类中保存的username
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        ServletContext context = this.getServletContext();
        String getName = (String) context.getAttribute("username");

        resp.setContentType("text/html");
        resp.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        resp.getWriter().print("名字："+getName);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

说明

ServletContext，一些人以为一个servlet对应一个ServletContext。其实不是，一个web应用对应一个ServletContext，所以ServletContext的作用范围是整个应用，有人就是两个类中创建的ServletContext对象指向同一个。

配置信息

  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>Get</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>servletContext.contextGet</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>Get</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/getc</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>Set</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>servletContext.contextSet</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>Set</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/setc</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

先访问contextSet在访问contextGet即可的到contextSet中设置的值

二、其他应用

1.获取初始化参数

<!--配置一些web的初始化参数-->
  <context-param>
    <param-name>url</param-name>
    <param-value>jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis</param-value>
  </context-param>

public class GetParam extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        ServletContext context = this.getServletContext();
        String url = context.getInitParameter("url");
        resp.getWriter().print(url);
    }
    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

2.请求转发路径

RequestDispatcher requestDispatcher = context.getRequestDispatcher("/contextGet");//转发的请求路径
        requestDispatcher.forward(req,resp);//调用forward实现请求转发

3.读取资源文件

配置文件
user = "root"
pwd = "123456"

public class getprop extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        ServletContext context = this.getServletContext();
        InputStream inputStream = context.getResourceAsStream("/WEB-INF/classes/db.properties");
        Properties properties = new Properties();
        properties.load(inputStream);
        String name = properties.getProperty("user");
        String password = properties.getProperty("pwd");
        resp.getWriter().print(name+" "+password);
    }
    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

读取资源文件时需要一个文件流；

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