android之widget开发小结

最近公司项目写了一个widget，这里写了一个demo把主要的几个要点简要地总结了下
1、AndroidManifest.xml添加

<receiver android:name=".WidgetDemoProvider" android:label="@string/app_name"> 
    <intent-filter> 
    　　<action android:name="android.appwidget.action.APPWIDGET_UPDATE" />
    </intent-filter> 
    <meta-data android:name="android.appwidget.provider"
    android:resource="@xml/widget_provider" /> 
</receiver> 

2、xml文件夹内新建widget_provider.xml
minWidth: Wdiget的宽度
minHeight: Wdiget的高度
updatePeriodMillis: 更新的时间周期
initialLayout: Widget的布局文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> 
<appwidget-provider xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" 
    android:minWidth="146dip"
    android:minHeight="72dip" 
    updatePeriodMillis="10000"
    android:initialLayout="@layout/widget_layout"> 
</appwidget-provider> 

3、layout文件夹内新建widget_layout.xml作为widget布局

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> 
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" 
    android:layout_width="fill_parent" 
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    android:background="@drawable/bg"> 

    <RelativeLayout
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_marginBottom="6dp"
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
        android:id="@+id/textLayout">
    　　<TextView android:id="@+id/textView" 
            android:layout_width="wrap_content" 
            android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
            android:textSize="30dp"
            android:text="@string/hello_world" /> 
    </RelativeLayout>
</RelativeLayout> 

4、继承AppWidgetProvider.java写WidgetDemoProvider.java代码如下

package com.example.widgetdemo;

import android.app.PendingIntent;
import android.appwidget.AppWidgetManager;
import android.appwidget.AppWidgetProvider;
import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.util.Log;
import android.widget.RemoteViews;

public class WidgetDemoProvider extends AppWidgetProvider{

    private static final int STATUS_ONE = 1;
    private static final int STATUS_TWO = 2;
    private RemoteViews  mRemoteViews;
    private RemoteViews  subViews;
    private RemoteViews  subViews2;
    private AppWidgetManager mAppWidgetManager;
    private ComponentName thisWidget;
    private Context mContext;

    //AppWidgetProvider其实是一个BroadcastReceiver，所以可以在AndroidManifest.xml内配置监听广播action，在onReceive中作响应处理
    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        super.onReceive(context, intent);
    }

    //加载widget时会调用此方法，在此方法中可以做些初始化配置
    @Override
    public void onUpdate(Context context, AppWidgetManager appWidgetManager,
            int[] appWidgetIds) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        mAppWidgetManager = appWidgetManager;
        thisWidget = new ComponentName(context, WidgetDemoProvider.class);
        //在widget中需要通过RemoteViews来对View进行操作
        mRemoteViews = new RemoteViews(context.getPackageName(), R.layout.widget_layout);
        subViews = new RemoteViews(context.getPackageName(),R.layout.widget_text_layout1); 
        subViews2 = new RemoteViews(context.getPackageName(),R.layout.widget_text_layout2);
        mContext = context;
        initAppWidget();
        mAppWidgetManager.updateAppWidget(thisWidget, mRemoteViews);
        super.onUpdate(context, appWidgetManager, appWidgetIds);
        handler.sendEmptyMessageDelayed(STATUS_ONE, 2000);
    }

    //删除组件时会调用
     public void onDeleted(Context context, int[] appWidgetIds){ 
         handler.removeMessages(STATUS_ONE);
         handler.removeMessages(STATUS_TWO);
     }  

    //设置控件响应，这里直接跳转setting的蓝牙设置
    private void initAppWidget(){
        Intent intent = new Intent();
        ComponentName componentName = new ComponentName("com.android.settings","com.android.settings.bluetooth.BluetoothSettings");
        intent.setComponent(componentName); 
        PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(mContext, 0, intent, 0);
        mRemoteViews.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.textView, pendingIntent);
    }

    public Handler handler = new Handler() {
        @Override
        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
            super.handleMessage(msg);
            switch (msg.what) {
            case STATUS_ONE:
                mRemoteViews.removeAllViews(R.id.textLayout);  
                mRemoteViews.removeAllViews(R.id.textLayout1);  
                mRemoteViews.removeAllViews(R.id.textLayout2);  
                mRemoteViews.addView(R.id.textLayout, subViews); 
                initAppWidget();
                mAppWidgetManager.updateAppWidget(thisWidget, mRemoteViews);
                handler.removeMessages(STATUS_ONE);
                handler.removeMessages(STATUS_TWO);
                handler.sendEmptyMessageDelayed(STATUS_TWO, 2000);
                break;

            case STATUS_TWO:
                mRemoteViews.removeAllViews(R.id.textLayout);  
                mRemoteViews.removeAllViews(R.id.textLayout1);  
                mRemoteViews.removeAllViews(R.id.textLayout2);  
                mRemoteViews.addView(R.id.textLayout, subViews2); 
                initAppWidget();
                mAppWidgetManager.updateAppWidget(thisWidget, mRemoteViews);
                handler.removeMessages(STATUS_ONE);
                handler.removeMessages(STATUS_TWO);
                handler.sendEmptyMessageDelayed(STATUS_ONE, 2000);
                break;
            }
        }

    };

}

其中RemoteViews.setOnClickPendingIntent是设置按键跳转setting模块的，Handler内做了一个字体切换的动画特效，widget动画局限性很大，这里是通过layoutAnimation的方式来实现动画效果。替换的layout代码如下
widget_text_layout1.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
    android:layoutAnimation="@anim/text_anim_out" 
    android:id="@+id/textLayout1">

    <TextView android:id="@+id/textView" 
            android:layout_width="wrap_content" 
            android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
            android:textSize="30dp"
            android:text="@string/hello_world" /> 
</RelativeLayout>

widget_text_layout2.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
    android:layoutAnimation="@anim/text_anim_in" 
    android:id="@+id/textLayout2">

    <TextView android:id="@+id/textView" 
            android:layout_width="wrap_content" 
            android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
            android:textSize="30dp"
            android:text="@string/hello_world" /> 
</RelativeLayout>

这样我们就可以通过RemoteViews.addView(R.id.textLayout, subViews); 切换View来切换布局触发android:layoutAnimation=”@anim/text_anim_out” 的动画效果。

其实widget还有一种简便的动画方式那就是setImageViewResource(int viewId, int srcId)，srcId传值R.anim.xxx就可以对ImageView实现简单的动画切换效果了。
当然一个完整的widget可能还需要进行很多其他的处理比如起一个Service进行后台操作，这里就不进行扩展了。