StringBuffer是安全的吗？

    我们知道StringBuffer是线程安全的，StringBuilder是非线程安全的，但是这个安全并不是绝对的。

    StringBuffer的方法都加了synchronized关键字来保证每一次方法调用都是线程安全的，但是如果多个线程同时调用StringBuffer的append的方法仍然是有问题的，看下面的例子。

   我们有一个单例类

public class Single {

    private static Single single;

    public StringBuffer sbf;

    private Single() {
    }

    public static Single getInstance() {
        synchronized (Single.class) {
            if (Single.single == null) {
                Single.single = new Single();
            }
        }
        return Single.single;
    }
}

    下面是测试类

public class Mythread implements Runnable {

    @Override
    public void run() {
        Single single = Single.getInstance();
        String name = Thread.currentThread().getName();

        single.sbf = new StringBuffer();
        try {
            Thread.sleep(2000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e1) {
            e1.printStackTrace();
        }
        single.sbf.append("put name " + name + " ");
        System.out.println(name + " : " + single.sbf.toString());
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
            new Thread(new Mythread()).start();
        }
    }

}

运行结果会像下面这样：

Thread-8 : put name Thread-5 put name Thread-6 put name Thread-8

Thread-6 : put name Thread-5 put name Thread-6 put name Thread-8 put name Thread-7 put name Thread-9

Thread-7 : put name Thread-5 put name Thread-6 put name Thread-8 put name Thread-7

Thread-9 : put name Thread-5 put name Thread-6 

Thread-5 : put name Thread-5 put name Thread-6 put name Thread-8 put name Thread-7

所以StringBuffer只是保证在调用它的append方法的时候，别的线程不能调用，但是交替的调用append方法是可以的。

如果要想输出

Thread-5 : put name Thread-5

Thread-6 : put name Thread-6

Thread-8 : put name Thread-8

Thread-7 : put name Thread-7

Thread-9 : put name Thread-9

那我们要在run方法里面加锁，像下面这样

synchronized(single){
            single.sbf = new StringBuffer();
            try {
                Thread.currentThread();
                Thread.sleep(2000);
            } catch (InterruptedException e1) {
                e1.printStackTrace();
            }
            single.sbf.append("put name " + name + " ");
            System.out.println(name + " : " + single.sbf.toString());
	}