Spring <context:component-scan base-package=""/> 与 <context:annotation-config/>的区别

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-01 18:20:03 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-08-01 18:20:03 发布

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本文探讨了在Spring框架中使用<context:annotation-config/>时出现@Controller、@Component、@Service等注解失效的问题，并通过示例代码展示了如何通过替换为<context:component-scan base-package="org.spring.test2"/>来解决该问题。

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前段时间开发遇到一个这样的问题，使用<context:annotation-config/>开启注解服务后，发现@Controller，@Component，@Service等注解失效了，这里用代码演示一下问题出现的现象

<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
   xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" 
   xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
   xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
   xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc"
   xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
   xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa"
   xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc-3.2.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-util-3.2.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa.xsd"                                       
       default-lazy-init="true">
   
   <!-- 开启注解服务 -->
     <context:annotation-config/>
   <beanid="animals"class="org.spring.test2.Animals"></bean>
</beans>

public class Animals {
     //@Autowired与@Resource功能相似，都是从spring获取实例
     @Resource
     @Qualifier("cat")
     private Animalanimal;
     public void arouse(){
          animal.arouse();
     }
}

public interface Animal{
     public void arouse();
}

/**
 * 当前对象注入到spring容器中
 */
@Service
public class Cat implements Animal{
     //给song赋值
     @Value("CAT...SONG")
     private String song;
     @Override
     public void arouse() {
          System.out.println("Cat's song is ="+song);
     }
}

/**
 * 当前对象注入到spring容器中
 */
@Service
public class Dog implements Animal{
     //给song赋值
     @Value("DOG...SONG")
     private Stringsong;
     @Override
     public void arouse() {
          System.out.println("Dog's song is ="+song);
     }
}

发现会报一个这样的问题：

Exception in thread "main"org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'animals': Injection of resource dependencies failed; nested exception isorg.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [org.spring.test2.Animal] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@javax.annotation.Resource(shareable=true, mappedName=, description=, name=, type=class java.lang.Object, authenticationType=CONTAINER, lookup=), @org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier(value=cat)}
     at org.springframework.context.annotation.CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:306)
     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1116)
     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:519)
     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:458)
     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:295)
     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:223)
     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:292)
     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:194)
     at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.getBean(AbstractApplicationContext.java:1117)
     at org.spring.test2.Test.main(Test.java:10)