026 spring IOC容器：BeanFactory和ApplicationContext谁才是Spring IOC容器

一、上代码抛问题

UserReository.java

public class UserReository {

    private Collection<User> users;     // 自定义 Bean

    private BeanFactory beanFactory;    // 内建非 Bean 对象（依赖）

    private ObjectFactory<User> objectFactoryUser;

    private ObjectFactory<ApplicationContext> objectFactoryContext;

    .... setter /  getter ...

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "UserReository{" +
                "users=" + users +
                ", beanFactory=" + beanFactory +
                ", objectFactoryUser=" + objectFactoryUser +
                ", objectFactoryContext=" + objectFactoryContext +
                '}';
    }
}

dependency-injection-context.xml

<!-- autowire自动注入 -->
<bean id="userReository2" class="org.geekbang.thinking.in.spring.ioc.overview.repository.UserReository" autowire="byType"/>

测试实验：

public static void test06(){
    BeanFactory beanFactory = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath:/META-INF/dependency-injection-context.xml");
    UserReository userReository = beanFactory.getBean("userReository2", UserReository.class);

    // 思考，为什么不相等
    System.out.println(beanFactory == userReository.getBeanFactory());

    System.out.println(beanFactory);
    System.out.println(userReository.getBeanFactory());
}

打印结果：

false
org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext@6aaceffd, started on Thu Mar 25 23:52:39 CST 2021
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@313b2ea6: defining beans [user,superUser,objectFactory,userReository,userReository2]; root of factory hierarchy

二、ClassPathXmlApplicationContext 类的层级结构

// -> 表示实现的接口
    
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext
    AbstractXmlApplicationContext
    	AbstractRefreshableConfigApplicationContext
    		AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext
    		-> BeanNameAware
    		-> InitializingBean
    
AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext
    AbstractApplicationContext
    	DefaultResourceLoader
    	-> ConfigurableApplicationContext
    			ApplicationContext
    				BeanFactory

从继承关系来看，ClassPathXmlApplicationContext 继承自 AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext，而在 AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext中

public abstract class AbstractRefreshableApplicationContext extends AbstractApplicationContext {

	@Nullable
	private Boolean allowBeanDefinitionOverriding;

	@Nullable
	private Boolean allowCircularReferences;

	/** Bean factory for this context. */
	@Nullable
	private volatile DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory;		// 以组合的方式将beanFactory注入进来
    
    ....
        
    @Override
	public final ConfigurableListableBeanFactory getBeanFactory() {
		DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory = this.beanFactory;
		if (beanFactory == null) {
			throw new IllegalStateException("BeanFactory not initialized or already closed - " +
					"call 'refresh' before accessing beans via the ApplicationContext");
		}
		return beanFactory;
	}
}

三、再看 getBean 方法

org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext#getBean(java.lang.Class)

@Override
public <T> T getBean(Class<T> requiredType) throws BeansException {
    assertBeanFactoryActive();
    return getBeanFactory().getBean(requiredType);
}

清楚这一点，我们就知道，ApplicationContext 跟 BeanFactory 是两个东西。

虽然可以直接赋值，那是因为ApplicationContext继承了BeanFactory，但是实际使用的时候，ApplicationContext是将BeanFactory集成进来的，这样 ApplicationContext 中就会包含所有 BeanFactory 的功能，所有 BeanFactory 的功能都是交由组合的 DefaultListableBeanFactory 实现

BeanFactory beanFactory = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath:/META-INF/dependency-injection-context.xml");

四、总结

BeanFactory 是底层的Bean容器，虽然 ApplicationContext 是BeanFactory的子类，但是实际应用中ApplicationContext 只是将 BeanFactory 容器集成进来了，然后做了一些扩展性的功能