- 第一题:
vector.h
#ifndef VECTOR_H_
#define VECTOR_H_
#include <vector>
namespace VECTOR
{
class Vector
{
public:
enum Mode {RECT, POL};
private:
double x;
double y;
double mag;
double ang;
Mode mode;
void set_mag();
void set_ang();
void set_x();
void set_y();
public:
Vector();
Vector(double n1, double n2, Mode form = RECT);
void reset(double n1, double n2, Mode form = RECT);
~Vector();
double xval() const {return x;}
double yval() const {return y;}
double magval() const {return mag;}
double angval() const {return ang;}
void polar_mode();
void rect_mode();
Vector operator+(const Vector& b) const;
Vector operator-(const Vector& b) const;
Vector operator-() const;
Vector operator*(double n) const;
friend Vector operator*(double n, const Vector& a);
friend std::ostream &
operator << (std::ostream& os, const Vector& v);
};
}
#endif
vector.cpp
#include <cmath>
#include <iostream>
#include "vector.h"
using std::sqrt;
using std::sin;
using std::cos;
using std::atan;
using std::atan2;
using std::cout;
namespace VECTOR
{
const double Rad_to_deg = 45.0 / atan(1.0);
void Vector::set_mag()
{
mag = sqrt(x * x + y * y);
}
void Vector::set_ang()
{
if (x == 0 && y == 0)
ang = 0.0;
else
ang = atan2(y, x);
}
void Vector::set_x()
{
x = mag * cos(ang);
}
void Vector::set_y()
{
y = mag * sin(ang);
}
Vector::Vector()
{
x = y = mag = ang = 0.0;
mode = RECT;
}
Vector::Vector(double n1, double n2, Mode form)
{
mode = form;
if (form == RECT)
{
x = n1;
y = n2;
set_mag();
set_ang();
}
else if (form == POL)
{
mag = n1;
ang = n2 / Rad_to_deg;
set_x();
set_y();
}
else
{
cout << "Incorrect 3rd argument to Vector() -- ";
cout << "vector set to 0\n";
x = y = mag = ang = 0.0;
mode = RECT;
}
}
void Vector::reset(double n1, double n2, Mode form)
{
mode = form;
if (form == RECT)
{
x = n1;
y = n2;
set_mag();
set_ang();
}
else if (form == POL)
{
mag = n1;
ang = n2 / Rad_to_deg;
set_x();
set_y();
}
else
{
cout << "Incorrect 3rd argument to Vector() -- ";
cout << "vector set to 0\n";
x = y = mag = ang = 0.0;
mode = RECT;
}
}
Vector::~Vector(){}
void Vector::polar_mode()
{
mode = POL;
}
void Vector::rect_mode()
{
mode = RECT;
}
Vector Vector::operator+(const Vector& b) const
{
return Vector(x+b.x , y+b.y);
}
Vector Vector::operator-(const Vector& b) const
{
return Vector(x - b.x, y - b.y);
}
Vector Vector::operator-() const
{
return Vector(-x, -y);
}
Vector Vector::operator*(double n) const
{
return Vector(n*x, n*y);
}
Vector operator*(double n, const Vector& a)
{
return a*n;
}
std::ostream& operator<< (std::ostream& os, const Vector& v)
{
if (v.mode == Vector::RECT)
os << "(x,y) = (" << v.x << ", " << v.y << ")";
else if (v.mode == Vector::POL)
{
os << "(m,a) = (" << v.mag << ", "
<< v.ang * Rad_to_deg << ")";
}
else
os << "Vector object mode is invalid";
return os;
}
}
11_1.cpp
#include <fstream>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <ctime>
#include "vector.h"
int main()
{
using namespace std;
using VECTOR::Vector;
srand(time(0));
ofstream OutFile;
double direction;
Vector step;
Vector result(0.0, 0.0);
unsigned long steps = 0;
int target = 100;
int dstep = 20;
OutFile.open("randwalk.txt");
OutFile << "Target Distance: " << target
<< ", Step Size: " << dstep << std::endl;
while (result.magval() < target)
{
OutFile << steps++ << ": (x,y) = ("
<< result.xval() << ", " << result.yval() << ")\n";
direction = rand() % 360;
step.reset(dstep, direction, Vector::POL);
result = result + step;
}
OutFile << "After " << steps << " steps, the subject has following location:\n"
<<