PAT(A) - 1039. Course List for Student (25)

Zhejiang University has 40000 students and provides 2500 courses. Now given the student name lists of all the courses, you are supposed to output the registered course list for each student who comes for a query.

Input Specification:

Each input file contains one test case. For each case, the first line contains 2 positive integers: N (<=40000), the number of students who look for their course lists, and K (<=2500), the total number of courses. Then the student name lists are given for the courses (numbered from 1 to K) in the following format: for each course i, first the course index i and the number of registered students N_i (<= 200) are given in a line. Then in the next line, N_i student names are given. A student name consists of 3 capital English letters plus a one-digit number. Finally the last line contains the N names of students who come for a query. All the names and numbers in a line are separated by a space.

Output Specification:

For each test case, print your results in N lines. Each line corresponds to one student, in the following format: first print the student's name, then the total number of registered courses of that student, and finally the indices of the courses in increasing order. The query results must be printed in the same order as input. All the data in a line must be separated by a space, with no extra space at the end of the line.

Sample Input:

11 5
4 7
BOB5 DON2 FRA8 JAY9 KAT3 LOR6 ZOE1
1 4
ANN0 BOB5 JAY9 LOR6
2 7
ANN0 BOB5 FRA8 JAY9 JOE4 KAT3 LOR6
3 1
BOB5
5 9
AMY7 ANN0 BOB5 DON2 FRA8 JAY9 KAT3 LOR6 ZOE1
ZOE1 ANN0 BOB5 JOE4 JAY9 FRA8 DON2 AMY7 KAT3 LOR6 NON9

Sample Output:

ZOE1 2 4 5
ANN0 3 1 2 5
BOB5 5 1 2 3 4 5
JOE4 1 2
JAY9 4 1 2 4 5
FRA8 3 2 4 5
DON2 2 4 5
AMY7 1 5
KAT3 3 2 4 5
LOR6 4 1 2 4 5
NON9 0

思路分析：读题目意思还是很好理解的，就是感觉思路不清晰，想法很分散，一时无从下手。尤其是对学生选课这些数据该怎么存储纠结了很久。后来参考了网上的解法，原来是用哈希映射，因为名字都是由4个字符组成的，且最多学生只有26 * 26 * 26 * 10 个学生，所以MAX定义这么大就OK了。用vector来映射每个学生的课程，最后排序输出。

#include <cstdio>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>

#define MAX 26 * 26 * 26 * 10

using namespace std;

vector<int> vec[MAX];
int main() {
    //freopen( "123.txt", "r", stdin );


    int n, k;
    scanf( "%d%d", &n, &k );

    for( int i = 0; i < k; i++ ) {
        int courseIndex, ThisCourseNum;
        scanf( "%d%d", &courseIndex, &ThisCourseNum );

        char name[5];
        int id = 0;
        for( int j = 0; j < ThisCourseNum; j++ ) {
            scanf( "%s", name );
            // 进行哈希映射
            id = ( name[0] - 'A' ) * 26 * 26 * 10 + ( name[1] - 'A' ) * 26 * 10 +
                ( name[2] - 'A' ) * 10 + ( name[3] - '0' );
            vec[id].push_back( courseIndex );
        }
    }

    char name[5];
    int id = 0;
    for( int i = 0; i < n; i++ ) {
        scanf( "%s", name );
        // 进行哈希映射
        id = ( name[0] - 'A' ) * 26 * 26 * 10 + ( name[1] - 'A' ) * 26 * 10 +
            ( name[2] - 'A' ) * 10 + ( name[3] - '0' );
        sort( vec[id].begin(), vec[id].end() );
        int size = vec[id].size();

        printf( "%s %d", name, size );
        for( int j = 0; j < size; j++ ) {
            printf( " %d", vec[id][j] );
        }
        printf( "\n" );
    }
    return 0;
}