Mysql优化器的sql跟踪_optimizer_trace

--查看优化器跟踪是否状态
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE '%optimizer_trace%';
+------------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Variable_name                | Value                                                                      |
+------------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| optimizer_trace              | enabled=off,one_line=off                                                   |
| optimizer_trace_features     | greedy_search=on,range_optimizer=on,dynamic_range=on,repeated_subselect=on |
| optimizer_trace_limit        | 1                                                                          |
| optimizer_trace_max_mem_size | 16384                                                                      |
| optimizer_trace_offset       | -1                                                                         |
+------------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)


--开启跟踪
mysql> SET session optimizer_trace="enabled=on";
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)


--执行一条sql
mysql> SELECT * FROM test_stat where c=10 and d=12;
+---+---+------+------+------+------+
| a | b | c    | d    | e    | f    |
+---+---+------+------+------+------+
| 1 | 4 |   10 |   12 |  200 |  104 |
| 1 | 5 |   10 |   12 |  100 |  105 |
+---+---+------+------+------+------+
2 rows in set (0.05 sec)


--查看上述执行sql的trace跟踪文件
mysql> SELECT * FROM information_schema.OPTIMIZER_TRACE where query ='SELECT * FROM test_stat where c=10 and d=12';
+---------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------+-------------------------+
| QUERY                                       | TRACE                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            | MISSING_BYTES_BEYOND_MAX_MEM_SIZE | INSUFFICIENT_PRIVILEGES |
+---------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------+-------------------------+
| SELECT * FROM test_stat where c=10 and d=12 | {
  "steps": [
    {
      "join_preparation": {
        "select#": 1,
        "steps": [
          {
            "expanded_query": "/* select#1 */ select `test_stat`.`a` AS `a`,`test_stat`.`b` AS `b`,`test_stat`.`c` AS `c`,`test_stat`.`d` AS `d`,`test_stat`.`e` AS `e`,`test_stat`.`f` AS `f` from `test_stat` where ((`test_stat`.`c` = 10) and (`test_stat`.`d` = 12))"
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "join_optimization": {
        "select#": 1,
        "steps": [
          {
            "condition_processing": {
              "condition": "WHERE",
              "original_condition": "((`test_stat`.`c` = 10) and (`test_stat`.`d` = 12))",
              "steps": [
                {
                  "transformation": "equality_propagation",
                  "resulting_condition": "(multiple equal(10, `test_stat`.`c`) and multiple equal(12, `test_stat`.`d`))"
                },
                {
                  "transformation": "constant_propagation",
                  "resulting_condition": "(multiple equal(10, `test_stat`.`c`) and multiple equal(12, `test_stat`.`d`))"
                },
                {
                  "transformation": "trivial_condition_removal",
                  "resulting_condition": "(multiple equal(10, `test_stat`.`c`) and multiple equal(12, `test_stat`.`d`))"
                }
              ]
            }
          },
          {
            "substitute_generated_columns": {
            }
          },
          {
            "table_dependencies": [
              {
                "table": "`test_stat`",
                "row_may_be_null": false,
                "map_bit": 0,
                "depends_on_map_bits": [
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "ref_optimizer_key_uses": [
              {
                "table": "`test_stat`",
                "field": "c",
                "equals": "10",
                "null_rejecting": false
              },
              {
                "table": "`test_stat`",
                "field": "d",
                "equals": "12",
                "null_rejecting": false
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "rows_estimation": [
              {
                "table": "`test_stat`",
                "range_analysis": {
                  "table_scan": {
                    "rows": 5,
                    "cost": 4.1
                  },
                  "potential_range_indexes": [
                    {
                      "index": "PRIMARY",
                      "usable": false,
                      "cause": "not_applicable"
                    },
                    {
                      "index": "i2uniq",
                      "usable": false,
                      "cause": "not_applicable"
                    },
                    {
                      "index": "i1",
                      "usable": true,
                      "key_parts": [
                        "c",
                        "d",
                        "a",
                        "b"
                      ]
                    }
                  ],
                  "setup_range_conditions": [
                  ],
                  "group_index_range": {
                    "chosen": false,
                    "cause": "not_group_by_or_distinct"
                  },
                  "analyzing_range_alternatives": {
                    "range_scan_alternatives": [
                      {
                        "index": "i1",
                        "ranges": [
                          "10 <= c <= 10 AND 12 <= d <= 12"
                        ],
                        "index_dives_for_eq_ranges": true,
                        "rowid_ordered": true,
                        "using_mrr": false,
                        "index_only": false,
                        "rows": 2,
                        "cost": 3.41,
                        "chosen": true
                      }
                    ],
                    "analyzing_roworder_intersect": {
                      "usable": false,
                      "cause": "too_few_roworder_scans"
                    }
                  },
                  "chosen_range_access_summary": {
                    "range_access_plan": {
                      "type": "range_scan",
                      "index": "i1",
                      "rows": 2,
                      "ranges": [
                        "10 <= c <= 10 AND 12 <= d <= 12"
                      ]
                    },
                    "rows_for_plan": 2,
                    "cost_for_plan": 3.41,
                    "chosen": true
                  }
                }
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "considered_execution_plans": [
              {
                "plan_prefix": [
                ],
                "table": "`test_stat`",
                "best_access_path": {
                  "considered_access_paths": [
                    {
                      "access_type": "ref",
                      "index": "i1",
                      "rows": 2,
                      "cost": 2.4,
                      "chosen": true
                    },
                    {
                      "access_type": "range",
                      "range_details": {
                        "used_index": "i1"
                      },
                      "chosen": false,
                      "cause": "heuristic_index_cheaper"
                    }
                  ]
                },
                "condition_filtering_pct": 100,
                "rows_for_plan": 2,
                "cost_for_plan": 2.4,
                "chosen": true
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "attaching_conditions_to_tables": {
              "original_condition": "((`test_stat`.`d` = 12) and (`test_stat`.`c` = 10))",
              "attached_conditions_computation": [
              ],
              "attached_conditions_summary": [
                {
                  "table": "`test_stat`",
                  "attached": null
                }
              ]
            }
          },
          {
            "refine_plan": [
              {
                "table": "`test_stat`"
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "join_execution": {
        "select#": 1,
        "steps": [
        ]
      }
    }
  ]
} |                                 0 |                       0 |
+---------------------------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------+-------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)


--关闭跟踪
mysql> SET session optimizer_trace="enabled=off";
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)


--查看文件可以导出的目录，为/var/lib/mysql-files/、   为''是可以导出到任意目录、为null是不可以导出到任意目录
mysql> show variables like 'secure_file_priv';   
+------------------+-----------------------+
| Variable_name    | Value                 |
+------------------+-----------------------+
| secure_file_priv | /var/lib/mysql-files/ |
+------------------+-----------------------+
1 row in set (0.06 sec)


--上述查看不方便的话，可以输出到文件里看
mysql> SELECT TRACE INTO DUMPFILE '/var/lib/mysql-files/test_stat_cd_trace.sql' FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.OPTIMIZER_TRACE where query ='SELECT * FROM test_stat where c=10 and d=12';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)


[root@hostmysql-m mysql-files]# more /var/lib/mysql-files/test_stat_cd_trace.sql
{
  "steps": [
    {
      "join_preparation": {
        "select#": 1,
        "steps": [
          {
            "expanded_query": "/* select#1 */ select `test_stat`.`a` AS `a`,`test_stat`.`b` AS `b`,`test_stat`.`c` AS `c`,`test_stat`.`d` AS `d`,`test_stat`.`e` AS `e`,
`test_stat`.`f` AS `f` from `test_stat` where ((`test_stat`.`c` = 10) and (`test_stat`.`d` = 12))"
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "join_optimization": {
        "select#": 1,
        "steps": [
          {
            "condition_processing": {
              "condition": "WHERE",
              "original_condition": "((`test_stat`.`c` = 10) and (`test_stat`.`d` = 12))",
              "steps": [
                {
                  "transformation": "equality_propagation",
                  "resulting_condition": "(multiple equal(10, `test_stat`.`c`) and multiple equal(12, `test_stat`.`d`))"
                },
                {
                  "transformation": "constant_propagation",
                  "resulting_condition": "(multiple equal(10, `test_stat`.`c`) and multiple equal(12, `test_stat`.`d`))"
                },
                {
                  "transformation": "trivial_condition_removal",
                  "resulting_condition": "(multiple equal(10, `test_stat`.`c`) and multiple equal(12, `test_stat`.`d`))"
                }
              ]
            }
          },
          {
            "substitute_generated_columns": {
            }
          },
          {
            "table_dependencies": [
              {
                "table": "`test_stat`",
                "row_may_be_null": false,
                "map_bit": 0,
                "depends_on_map_bits": [
                ]
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "ref_optimizer_key_uses": [
              {
                "table": "`test_stat`",
                "field": "c",
                "equals": "10",
                "null_rejecting": false
              },
              {
                "table": "`test_stat`",
                "field": "d",
                "equals": "12",
                "null_rejecting": false
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "rows_estimation": [
              {
                "table": "`test_stat`",
                "range_analysis": {
                  "table_scan": {
                    "rows": 5,
                    "cost": 4.1
                  },
                  "potential_range_indexes": [
                    {
                      "index": "PRIMARY",
                      "usable": false,
                      "cause": "not_applicable"
                    },
                    {
                      "index": "i2uniq",
                      "usable": false,
                      "cause": "not_applicable"
                    },
                    {
                      "index": "i1",
                      "usable": true,
                      "key_parts": [
                        "c",
                        "d",
                        "a",
                        "b"
                      ]
                    }
                  ],
                  "setup_range_conditions": [
                  ],
                  "group_index_range": {
                    "chosen": false,
                    "cause": "not_group_by_or_distinct"
                  },
                  "analyzing_range_alternatives": {
                    "range_scan_alternatives": [
                      {
                        "index": "i1",
                        "ranges": [
                          "10 <= c <= 10 AND 12 <= d <= 12"
                        ],
                        "index_dives_for_eq_ranges": true,
                        "rowid_ordered": true,
                        "using_mrr": false,
                        "index_only": false,
                        "rows": 2,
                        "cost": 3.41,
                        "chosen": true
                      }
                    ],
                    "analyzing_roworder_intersect": {
                      "usable": false,
                      "cause": "too_few_roworder_scans"
                    }
                  },
                  "chosen_range_access_summary": {
                    "range_access_plan": {
                      "type": "range_scan",
                      "index": "i1",
                      "rows": 2,
                      "ranges": [
                        "10 <= c <= 10 AND 12 <= d <= 12"
                      ]
                    },
                    "rows_for_plan": 2,
                    "cost_for_plan": 3.41,
                    "chosen": true
                  }
                }
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "considered_execution_plans": [
              {
                "plan_prefix": [
                ],
                "table": "`test_stat`",
                "best_access_path": {
                  "considered_access_paths": [
                    {
                      "access_type": "ref",
                      "index": "i1",
                      "rows": 2,
                      "cost": 2.4,
                      "chosen": true
                    },
                    {
                      "access_type": "range",
                      "range_details": {
                        "used_index": "i1"
                      },
                      "chosen": false,
                      "cause": "heuristic_index_cheaper"
                    }
                  ]
                },
                "condition_filtering_pct": 100,
                "rows_for_plan": 2,
                "cost_for_plan": 2.4,
                "chosen": true
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "attaching_conditions_to_tables": {
              "original_condition": "((`test_stat`.`d` = 12) and (`test_stat`.`c` = 10))",
              "attached_conditions_computation": [
              ],
              "attached_conditions_summary": [
                {
                  "table": "`test_stat`",
                  "attached": null
                }
              ]
            }
          },
          {
            "refine_plan": [
              {
                "table": "`test_stat`"
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "join_execution": {
        "select#": 1,
        "steps": [
        ]
      }
    }
  ]
}



--附：test_stat表的结构及执行计划
mysql> show create table test_stat\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
       Table: test_stat
Create Table: CREATE TABLE `test_stat` (
  `a` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `b` int(11) NOT NULL,
  `c` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
  `d` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
  `e` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
  `f` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`a`,`b`),
  UNIQUE KEY `i2uniq` (`e`,`f`),
  KEY `i1` (`c`,`d`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> explain SELECT * FROM test_stat where c=10 and d=12;
+----+-------------+-----------+------------+------+---------------+------+---------+-------------+------+----------+-------+
| id | select_type | table     | partitions | type | possible_keys | key  | key_len | ref         | rows | filtered | Extra |
+----+-------------+-----------+------------+------+---------------+------+---------+-------------+------+----------+-------+
|  1 | SIMPLE      | test_stat | NULL       | ref  | i1            | i1   | 10      | const,const |    2 |   100.00 | NULL  |
+----+-------------+-----------+------------+------+---------------+------+---------+-------------+------+----------+-------+
1 row in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec)